RESEARCH / EXPERIMENTS

Faster than what, exactly?

I went looking for ways to extend a device’s compute. These comparisons show where the gains came from, where the extra machinery got in the way, and what I tried next.

START WITH A QUESTION

What the experiments changed.

OBP

Can I avoid computing the answer twice—or computing more than the answer?

I found large savings by removing unnecessary work. One reordered calculation matched an optimized library rather than beating it.

ASPR

Can I get the next inputs ready before they are needed?

Individual predictions looked promising. Preparing a complete set of inputs, without wasting resources or slowing foreground work, was much harder.

ReSynth

When is a smaller message worth the work of making it?

Structured inputs compressed well. A mixed-input example sent more bytes, and a cheap local connection could make compression slower.

Splice

Can a program keep its call while I change the execution?

Selected native calls can be redirected. Preserving their memory, numerical and failure behaviour is the real engineering problem.

AutoCAD

Will the application accept a result calculated somewhere else?

Live geometry results returned into AutoCAD. The useful performance improvement came from running the replacement locally, not remotely.

Explore all experiments92 studies and checks

OBP

Research article ↗
Performance

The same evaluation comparison at four times the size

I increased the matrix dimension to 1,024 to see whether a better calculation order remained useful as the intermediate result grew.

Eight calculation paths with 1,024-by-1,024 matrices, thirty test blocks per path, with correctness checks outside the timer.

The right-associated path took 1.18 ms against 30.9 ms for left-to-right, 26 times faster, and the directly demanded slice took 0.165 ms against 30.2 ms for the full slice, 183 times faster, while multi_dot came in at 1.255 ms.

The gap widens sharply with size, which says the waste was proportional to the array rather than a fixed overhead.

One shared laptop, a structured integer-valued input rather than an arbitrary matrix, 30 held-out blocks per operation, and the comparison interval against the library path includes zero so no separation from it is claimed at this size.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Original calculation order30.9 ms
Reordered calculation1.18 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Original calculation order30.9 ms
Reordered calculation1.18 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
obp-cpu-reassociation-n1024
Original title
Certified reassociation, slices and memo against native paths at n=1024
Measurement boundary
Eight timed operations on one fixed structured f64 fixture, measured on a single local CPU. Timings include the operation and demanded array construction; oracle checks run outside the timer. Comparison targets are NumPy paths in the same process, not remote or distributed implementations.
Hardware
Intel Core i7-8665U, 4 cores / 8 logical processors, Windows 11, shared laptop with uncontrolled power and thermal state.
Software
Python 3.12.10, NumPy 2.2.6, one-thread BLAS configuration per process; 2 warmups and 5 calibration trials before 30 held-out blocks.
Input
Structured integer-valued f64 fixture at n=1024, 16785408 recorded input bytes.
Samples
30 held-out timing blocks per operation; 8 operations measured at this size.
Statistical method
median of 30 held-out blocks per operation
Cold / warm state
Warm within each held-out block; the memo row reuses a previously computed result.
Network
None; local process only.
Serialization
None; arrays stay in process memory.
Correctness checks
Each case records the reference sum, reference vector sum, vector digest and oracle time alongside the timed rows; the oracle runs outside the timer.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Native dense f32 matrix-vector product14.4665 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Left-to-right f64 reassociation30.8735 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Certified right-associated f64 boundary path1.18045 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
NumPy multi_dot f64 library path1.2551999999999999 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Scanned right-associated f64 path20.4194 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Full demanded f64 slice30.1521 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Direct demanded f64 slice0.16515000000000002 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Warm memoised f32 result1.0077500000000001 ms30median of held-out timing blocks

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSLeft-to-right f64 reassociation ÷ Certified right-associated f64 boundary path = 26.154009×96.176494% lower time for Certified right-associated f64 boundary path.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSNumPy multi_dot f64 library path ÷ Certified right-associated f64 boundary path = 1.0633233×5.9552263% lower time for Certified right-associated f64 boundary path.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSFull demanded f64 slice ÷ Direct demanded f64 slice = 182.57402×99.452277% lower time for Direct demanded f64 slice.

Experimental limitations

  • One shared laptop with uncontrolled power and thermal state; results are not normalised to a machine class.
  • Structured integer-valued f64 fixture; not an arbitrary floating-point matrix.
  • 30 held-out blocks per operation; medians and paired intervals are local to this session.
  • The multi_dot library path matches the certified path at n=2048, so no library advantage is claimed.
  • Timings include operation and demanded array construction; oracle checks are excluded.

At n=1024 the certified right-associated path records 1.18045 ms against 30.8735 ms for the left-to-right reassociation; the unrounded quotient left/right is 26.15400906433987. The direct demanded slice records 0.16515000000000002 ms against 30.1521 ms for the full slice, quotient 182.57402361489554. NumPy multi_dot records 1.2551999999999999 ms; the paired 95 % interval for right against multi_dot is [-0.16762036306235184, 0.26931737976002423], which includes zero, so no separation from the library is claimed at this size. The paired 95 % savings interval for right against left is [0.9591752037242719, 0.965061189065956] and for the direct slice against the full slice [0.9940634151752087, 0.9949016100178891].

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Avoiding a large intermediate matrix

When the matrices are 2,048 by 2,048, does calculating the final vector require building a matrix with more than four million entries first?

Eight calculation paths with 2,048-by-2,048 matrices, thirty test blocks per path, with correctness checks outside the timer.

The right-associated path took 4.60 ms against 209.9 ms for left-to-right, 45.7 times faster, and the directly demanded slice took 0.33 ms against 255.0 ms for the full slice, 768 times faster, while the library path came in at 4.57 ms.

The big number here is the avoided materialisation, not an advantage over the library; the two fastest paths were within a fraction of a millisecond of each other.

One shared laptop, a structured integer-valued input rather than an arbitrary matrix, 30 held-out blocks per operation, and the paired interval against the library path includes zero, so no advantage over it is claimed at this size.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Original calculation order210 ms
Reordered calculation4.6 ms
Library calculation4.57 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Original calculation order210 ms
Reordered calculation4.6 ms
Library calculation4.57 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
obp-cpu-reassociation-n2048
Original title
Certified reassociation, slices and memo against native paths at n=2048
Measurement boundary
Eight timed operations on one fixed structured f64 fixture, measured on a single local CPU. Timings include the operation and demanded array construction; oracle checks run outside the timer. Comparison targets are NumPy paths in the same process, not remote or distributed implementations.
Hardware
Intel Core i7-8665U, 4 cores / 8 logical processors, Windows 11, shared laptop with uncontrolled power and thermal state.
Software
Python 3.12.10, NumPy 2.2.6, one-thread BLAS configuration per process; 2 warmups and 5 calibration trials before 30 held-out blocks.
Input
Structured integer-valued f64 fixture at n=2048, 67125248 recorded input bytes.
Samples
30 held-out timing blocks per operation; 8 operations measured at this size.
Statistical method
median of 30 held-out blocks per operation
Cold / warm state
Warm within each held-out block; the memo row reuses a previously computed result.
Network
None; local process only.
Serialization
None; arrays stay in process memory.
Correctness checks
Each case records the reference sum, reference vector sum, vector digest and oracle time alongside the timed rows; the oracle runs outside the timer.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Native dense f32 matrix-vector product81.4829 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Left-to-right f64 reassociation209.94735 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Certified right-associated f64 boundary path4.59705 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
NumPy multi_dot f64 library path4.57235 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Scanned right-associated f64 path90.61619999999999 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Full demanded f64 slice254.98865 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Direct demanded f64 slice0.3321 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Warm memoised f32 result4.52055 ms30median of held-out timing blocks

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSLeft-to-right f64 reassociation ÷ Certified right-associated f64 boundary path = 45.670017×97.810380% lower time for Certified right-associated f64 boundary path.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSNumPy multi_dot f64 library path ÷ Certified right-associated f64 boundary path = 0.99462699×0.54020362% higher time for Certified right-associated f64 boundary path.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSFull demanded f64 slice ÷ Direct demanded f64 slice = 767.80684×99.869759% lower time for Direct demanded f64 slice.

Experimental limitations

  • One shared laptop with uncontrolled power and thermal state; results are not normalised to a machine class.
  • Structured integer-valued f64 fixture; not an arbitrary floating-point matrix.
  • 30 held-out blocks per operation; medians and paired intervals are local to this session.
  • The multi_dot library path matches the certified path at n=2048, so no library advantage is claimed.
  • Timings include operation and demanded array construction; oracle checks are excluded.

At n=2048 the certified right-associated path records 4.59705 ms against 209.94735 ms for the left-to-right reassociation; the unrounded quotient left/right is 45.67001664110679. The direct demanded slice records 0.3321 ms against 254.98865 ms for the full slice, quotient 767.8068352905751. NumPy multi_dot records 4.57235 ms and is the strongest observed vector method; the paired 95 % interval for right against multi_dot is [-0.18961868122873282, 0.18461703811543084], which includes zero, so no advantage over the library is claimed at this size. The paired 95 % savings interval for right against left is [0.9749434555072917, 0.9805127237538717] and for the direct slice against the full slice [0.9985821359777526, 0.9987835241950881].

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Reassociating a sum and asking only for the part that is needed

I wanted to know how much time goes into building values the application never uses, so I compared calculation orders using 256-by-256 matrices and a vector.

On one laptop I timed a left-to-right f64 evaluation, a certified right-associated evaluation, the NumPy multi_dot library path, a scanned variant, and the full slice against the directly demanded slice, over 30 held-out blocks each.

The right-associated path took 0.125 ms against 0.654 ms for left-to-right, 5.2 times faster, and asking for the demanded slice directly took 0.054 ms against 0.561 ms for the full slice, while multi_dot matched the certified path at 0.134 ms.

Most of the avoidable work sits in the evaluation order and in materialising the whole array, but at this size my path was not separated from the library and I do not claim that it was.

One shared laptop with uncontrolled power and thermal state, a structured integer-valued input rather than an arbitrary floating-point matrix, 30 held-out blocks per operation, and the correctness checks ran outside the timer.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Original calculation order654 µs
Reordered calculation125 µs
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Original calculation order654 µs
Reordered calculation125 µs
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
obp-cpu-reassociation-n256
Original title
Certified reassociation, slices and memo against native paths at n=256
Measurement boundary
Eight timed operations on one fixed structured f64 fixture, measured on a single local CPU. Timings include the operation and demanded array construction; oracle checks run outside the timer. Comparison targets are NumPy paths in the same process, not remote or distributed implementations.
Hardware
Intel Core i7-8665U, 4 cores / 8 logical processors, Windows 11, shared laptop with uncontrolled power and thermal state.
Software
Python 3.12.10, NumPy 2.2.6, one-thread BLAS configuration per process; 2 warmups and 5 calibration trials before 30 held-out blocks.
Input
Structured integer-valued f64 fixture at n=256, 1050624 recorded input bytes.
Samples
30 held-out timing blocks per operation; 8 operations measured at this size.
Statistical method
median of 30 held-out blocks per operation
Cold / warm state
Warm within each held-out block; the memo row reuses a previously computed result.
Network
None; local process only.
Serialization
None; arrays stay in process memory.
Correctness checks
Each case records the reference sum, reference vector sum, vector digest and oracle time alongside the timed rows; the oracle runs outside the timer.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Native dense f32 matrix-vector product0.35729999999999995 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Left-to-right f64 reassociation0.65445 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Certified right-associated f64 boundary path0.12495 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
NumPy multi_dot f64 library path0.13415 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Scanned right-associated f64 path0.5332 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Full demanded f64 slice0.5613 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Direct demanded f64 slice0.054150000000000004 ms30median of held-out timing blocks
Warm memoised f32 result0.039 ms30median of held-out timing blocks

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSLeft-to-right f64 reassociation ÷ Certified right-associated f64 boundary path = 5.2376951×80.907632% lower time for Certified right-associated f64 boundary path.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSNumPy multi_dot f64 library path ÷ Certified right-associated f64 boundary path = 1.0736295×6.8579948% lower time for Certified right-associated f64 boundary path.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSFull demanded f64 slice ÷ Direct demanded f64 slice = 10.365651×90.352753% lower time for Direct demanded f64 slice.

Experimental limitations

  • One shared laptop with uncontrolled power and thermal state; results are not normalised to a machine class.
  • Structured integer-valued f64 fixture; not an arbitrary floating-point matrix.
  • 30 held-out blocks per operation; medians and paired intervals are local to this session.
  • The multi_dot library path matches the certified path at n=2048, so no library advantage is claimed.
  • Timings include operation and demanded array construction; oracle checks are excluded.

At n=256 the certified right-associated path records 0.12495 ms against 0.65445 ms for the left-to-right reassociation; the unrounded quotient left/right is 5.237695078031212. The direct demanded slice records 0.054150000000000004 ms against 0.5613 ms for the full slice, quotient 10.365650969529085. NumPy multi_dot records 0.13415 ms; the paired 95 % interval for right against multi_dot is [-0.046984831668516636, 0.21581670362158156], which includes zero, so no separation from the library is claimed at this size. The paired 95 % savings interval for right against left is [0.7895256916996047, 0.840942448821939] and for the direct slice against the full slice [0.8884469880686778, 0.9187415881561238].

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

The verification count for the earlier generation of the algorithm

I also wanted a number for the earlier generation of the work, because it is easy to blend two different verification batches into a single headline.

The recorded verification batch for the first generation, covering deterministic algorithm checks, reanalysis of recorded traces and model simulation.

That batch records a pass status with 2,919 checks in total, but it is a single recorded total with no per-suite breakdown.

It is an aggregate for its own generation and must not be added to the 1,381 checks from the later design.

Deterministic checks and reanalysis of recorded traces rather than a new external measurement, and no new accelerator work was involved.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Gen-1 verification assertions2,920 assertions
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
obp-gen1-verification-assertions
Original title
Gen-1 verification batch: deterministic algorithm, trace reanalysis and model simulation
Measurement boundary
Recorded verification batch for the Gen-1 generation: deterministic algorithm checks, trace reanalysis and model simulation. No new external GPU experiment and no paid infrastructure were used.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
Python 3.12.10 on Windows 11; exact CPU model not recorded.
Input
Recorded Gen-1 traces and algorithm fixtures.
Samples
2,919 assertions recorded under status PASS.
Statistical method
exact recorded assertion count
Cold / warm state
not recorded
Network
None; recorded traces and deterministic checks.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
The recorded batch status is PASS with 2,919 checks.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Gen-1 verification assertions2919 assertionsnot recordedrecorded assertion count under status PASS

Experimental limitations

  • The 2,919 count is a single recorded total; a per-suite breakdown is not present in the file.
  • Deterministic checks and trace reanalysis, not a new external measurement.
  • The batch classification excludes new GPU measurements.

The Gen-1 batch records status PASS with 2,919 checks. It is the aggregate verification count for that generation and must not be added to the 1,381 OBP v2 assertions as if they were the same run.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Two ways of keeping a result and not copying it

I wanted to know whether the bookkeeping around a kept result matters as much as the reuse itself, so I compared a version that knows which result it is looking at against one that searches for it.

Recomputing, reusing a registered immutable result, and scanning before reuse, with 1,024-by-1,024 matrix inputs. The untracked path pays for its input checks and output copy.

The known-result reuse took 1.24 ms against 12.9 ms for recomputation, 10.4 times faster, and against 8.19 ms for the search-then-reuse path, 6.6 times faster.

Knowing which result you want is worth more than the reuse itself, because it removes the copy from the critical path.

A synthetic repeated input rather than a production workload, only one size measured, the search-then-reuse path is charged a full output copy while the known-result path is not re-copied, and the memory counters read as zero in this data.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Recomputation12.9 ms
Known-result reuse1.24 ms
Search-then-reuse with a copy8.19 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Recomputation12.9 ms
Known-result reuse1.24 ms
Search-then-reuse with a copy8.19 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
obp-registered-vs-untracked-n1024
Original title
Registered immutable cache against untracked exact-scan cache at n=1024
Measurement boundary
Local CPU comparison of an optimised BLAS recomputation, a registered immutable cache hit and an untracked exact-scan cache hit on one synthetic immutable repeat. The registered path avoids re-copying the output; the untracked path is charged a full output copy.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
One-thread BLAS configuration recorded in the source; exact Python and NumPy versions not recorded.
Input
One synthetic immutable repeat at n=1024, with the full output published.
Samples
30 held-out blocks per method; 3 methods measured.
Statistical method
median of 30 blocks per method
Cold / warm state
Warm cache hits for both cached rows; the optimised BLAS row recomputes.
Network
None; local process only.
Serialization
None; full output published in the source file.
Correctness checks
Both recorded checks pass: all warm results are byte and value exact with fresh ownership, and a changed input rejected the cached result.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Optimised BLAS recomputation12.912299999999998 ms30median of 30 blocks
Registered immutable cache hit1.24495 ms30median of 30 blocks
Untracked exact-scan cache hit with full copy8.19195 ms30median of 30 blocks

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSOptimised BLAS recomputation ÷ Registered immutable cache hit = 10.371742×90.358418% lower time for Registered immutable cache hit.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSUntracked exact-scan cache hit with full copy ÷ Registered immutable cache hit = 6.5801438×84.802764% lower time for Registered immutable cache hit.

Experimental limitations

  • Synthetic immutable repeat, not a production workload.
  • Only n=1024 measured; no other size in this file.
  • The untracked exact-scan path is charged a full output copy while the registered path is not re-copied.
  • Reported working and peak memory counters read zero in this file.

The registered cache row records 1.24495 ms against 12.912299999999998 ms for optimised BLAS, quotient 10.371741837021565, and 8.19195 ms for the untracked exact-scan cache, quotient 6.580143780874734 against the registered row. The registered path avoids both recomputation and the full output copy charged to the untracked scan; the 10.371741837021565 quotient over recomputation is a cache-reuse result, not a distributed-execution result.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

The finite checks behind the placement design

Before trusting a design I wanted a count of the deterministic checks behind it, so I tallied the assertions in the four recorded artefacts.

Reference correctness and discrete simulation checks, exact algebraic and cost checks, block and patch byte-conformance vectors, and a small rematerialisation simulation.

The four artefacts contribute 1,020, 225, 126 and 10 assertions, 1,381 in total, and each summand is recorded in its own artefact so the total can be recomputed without repeating anything.

The design rests on a large number of small deterministic checks rather than on one big measurement, and I keep them separate from throughput numbers.

Assertion totals are not external validation and not a throughput measurement, the data are structured integers and bit-exact cases rather than arbitrary floating-point matrices, the simulations carry no device timing, and the storage and authenticated-envelope behaviour is assumed rather than implemented.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Reference and simulation assertions1,020 assertions
Exact algebraic assertions225 assertions
Byte-conformance vectors126 assertions
Rematerialisation simulation assertions10 assertions
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
obp-v2-fixture-assertions
Original title
OBP v2 fixture assertions across four evidence artifacts
Measurement boundary
Finite deterministic fixtures: reference correctness and discrete simulation, exact algebraic checks, block byte-conformance vectors and rematerialisation states. These are assertion totals, not throughput measurements and not GPU measurements.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
not recorded
Input
Four finite artifact suites recorded in the OBP v2 evidence package.
Samples
1,381 assertions in total: 1,020 + 225 + 126 + 10.
Statistical method
exact assertion count per artifact
Cold / warm state
not recorded
Network
None; finite fixtures.
Serialization
Block header and patch byte vectors only; an authenticated envelope is assumed and not implemented.
Correctness checks
The four artifacts record reference checks and exact checks; counts are assertion totals, not a pass rate.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Reference correctness and discrete simulation assertions1020 assertionsnot recordedexact assertion count in the artifact
Exact checks, worked example and algebraic cost estimates225 assertionsnot recordedexact assertion count in the artifact
Block header and patch byte-conformance vectors126 assertionsnot recordedexact assertion count in the artifact
Discrete rematerialisation simulation assertions10 assertionsnot recordedexact assertion count in the artifact

Experimental limitations

  • Assertion totals are not external validation and not a measure of throughput.
  • Structured integer and bit-exact fixtures; not arbitrary floating-point matrices.
  • The discrete simulations carry no GPU timing.
  • Object-store and authenticated-envelope behaviour is assumed, not implemented.

The four artifacts contribute 1,020, 225, 126 and 10 assertions, summing to 1,381. Every summand is recorded in its own artifact, so the aggregate can be recomputed without re-running an experiment.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Reusing results with a matrix dimension of 1,024

I wanted to know whether reuse keeps its advantage as the result gets larger, so I repeated the matched comparison at the middle size.

The same three compute-versus-reuse pairs with matrix dimension 1,024, over thirty warm blocks per method.

The vector pair went from 0.966 ms to 0.0052 ms, 186 times faster, the slice pair from 0.114 ms to 0.0052 ms and the dense pair from 8.83 ms to 1.03 ms.

Reuse scales with the size of the result, which is what makes it more attractive as the workload grows rather than less.

What is priced here is a hit, so nothing is charged for filling the store, and the store size and eviction policy are not recorded; one input family on one machine.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Original vector computation0.966 ms
Reused vector result0.0052 ms
Original dense product8.83 ms
Reused dense product1.03 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Original vector computation966 µs
Reused vector result5.2 µs
Original dense product8.83 ms
Reused dense product1.03 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
obp-warm-cache-n1024
Original title
Warm result cache against uncached compute at n=1024
Measurement boundary
Local CPU comparison of recomputation against reuse of a warm, immutable result at one fixture size. The cached rows measure a hit, not a miss, and the cache population cost is outside the timed rows.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
NumPy 2.2.6 with the recorded one-thread BLAS configuration; exact Python build not recorded.
Input
Structured integer-valued f64 fixture at n=1024, the same fixture as the reassociation cohort.
Samples
30 warm timing blocks per method; 7 methods measured at this size.
Statistical method
median of 30 warm blocks per method
Cold / warm state
Warm: the cached row reuses a previously computed immutable result; the compute row recomputes.
Network
None; local process only.
Serialization
None; results stay in process memory.
Correctness checks
Not recorded as a pass or fail field in this file.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Vector result computed, no cache0.9656 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Vector result via library path, no cache0.7583 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Vector result reused from warm cache0.0052 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Demanded slice computed, no cache0.11445 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Demanded slice reused from warm cache0.0052 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Dense product computed, no cache8.831949999999999 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Dense product reused from warm cache1.0318999999999998 ms30median of warm timing blocks

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSVector result computed, no cache ÷ Vector result reused from warm cache = 185.69231×99.461475% lower time for Vector result reused from warm cache.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSDemanded slice computed, no cache ÷ Demanded slice reused from warm cache = 22.009615×95.456531% lower time for Demanded slice reused from warm cache.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSDense product computed, no cache ÷ Dense product reused from warm cache = 8.5589204×88.316283% lower time for Dense product reused from warm cache.

Experimental limitations

  • Cache rows price a hit; a cold miss and cache population cost are not included.
  • Cache size, eviction policy and population cost are not recorded in this file.
  • One fixture family and one host; results do not transfer to other shapes or machines.
  • Cache reuse is not evidence that remote execution is faster.

At n=1024 the vector cache row records 0.0052 ms against 0.9656 ms for uncached compute (quotient 185.6923076923077); the slice pair is 0.0052 ms against 0.11445 ms (quotient 22.009615384615383) and the dense pair 1.0318999999999998 ms against 8.831949999999999 ms (quotient 8.558920438026941). Paired 95 % savings intervals are [0.9944119212346993, 0.9949641005185481], [0.9514298683613255, 0.9575191163976211] and [0.8781194784797848, 0.8927497674821016]. Cache reuse is the measured gain in this file; it is not a remote execution result.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Reusing results at the largest matrix size

I repeated the reuse comparison at the largest size to see how far the gap could open.

The same three compute-versus-reuse pairs with matrix dimension 2,048, over thirty warm blocks per method.

The vector pair went from 4.89 ms to 0.010 ms, 489 times faster, the slice pair from 0.322 ms to 0.0096 ms and the dense pair from 75.4 ms to 5.80 ms.

At this size, deciding what to compute and whether to compute it again matters more than any implementation detail underneath.

Only the reuse is priced, so the cost of producing and storing the result first time is absent, as are the store size and its eviction policy; one input family on one machine.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Original vector computation4.89 ms
Reused vector result0.01 ms
Original dense product75.4 ms
Reused dense product5.8 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Original vector computation4.89 ms
Reused vector result10 µs
Original dense product75.4 ms
Reused dense product5.8 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
obp-warm-cache-n2048
Original title
Warm result cache against uncached compute at n=2048
Measurement boundary
Local CPU comparison of recomputation against reuse of a warm, immutable result at one fixture size. The cached rows measure a hit, not a miss, and the cache population cost is outside the timed rows.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
NumPy 2.2.6 with the recorded one-thread BLAS configuration; exact Python build not recorded.
Input
Structured integer-valued f64 fixture at n=2048, the same fixture as the reassociation cohort.
Samples
30 warm timing blocks per method; 7 methods measured at this size.
Statistical method
median of 30 warm blocks per method
Cold / warm state
Warm: the cached row reuses a previously computed immutable result; the compute row recomputes.
Network
None; local process only.
Serialization
None; results stay in process memory.
Correctness checks
Not recorded as a pass or fail field in this file.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Vector result computed, no cache4.88685 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Vector result via library path, no cache3.60025 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Vector result reused from warm cache0.01 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Demanded slice computed, no cache0.322 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Demanded slice reused from warm cache0.00955 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Dense product computed, no cache75.38825 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Dense product reused from warm cache5.80325 ms30median of warm timing blocks

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSVector result computed, no cache ÷ Vector result reused from warm cache = 488.68500×99.795369% lower time for Vector result reused from warm cache.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSDemanded slice computed, no cache ÷ Demanded slice reused from warm cache = 33.717277×97.034161% lower time for Demanded slice reused from warm cache.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSDense product computed, no cache ÷ Dense product reused from warm cache = 12.990695×92.302182% lower time for Dense product reused from warm cache.

Experimental limitations

  • Cache rows price a hit; a cold miss and cache population cost are not included.
  • Cache size, eviction policy and population cost are not recorded in this file.
  • One fixture family and one host; results do not transfer to other shapes or machines.
  • Cache reuse is not evidence that remote execution is faster.

At n=2048 the vector cache row records 0.01 ms against 4.88685 ms for uncached compute (quotient 488.685); the slice pair is 0.00955 ms against 0.322 ms (quotient 33.717277486910994) and the dense pair 5.80325 ms against 75.38825 ms (quotient 12.990694869254297). Paired 95 % savings intervals are [0.9977743876953942, 0.9982086707956169], [0.9688770722552393, 0.9721424468696152] and [0.9173956278390004, 0.9291419982910156]. Cache reuse is the measured gain in this file; it is not a remote execution result.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Reusing a result instead of computing it again

If the same input keeps coming back, recomputing is wasted work, so I compared recomputation against reusing a result that was already in hand.

Three compute-versus-reuse pairs with matrix dimension 256, over thirty warm blocks per method.

Reusing a vector result took 0.0036 ms against 0.070 ms for recomputation, about twenty times faster, while the demanded slice went from 0.0295 ms to 0.0043 ms and the dense product from 0.317 ms to 0.019 ms.

Reuse is where most of the available speed sits at small sizes, and it is a local property that says nothing about sending work elsewhere.

These rows price a hit rather than a miss, so the cost of populating the store is excluded, the store size and eviction policy are not recorded here, and this is one input family on one machine.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Original vector computation70.1 µs
Reused vector result3.55 µs
Original dense product317 µs
Reused dense product19 µs
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Original vector computation70.1 µs
Reused vector result3.55 µs
Original dense product317 µs
Reused dense product19 µs
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
obp-warm-cache-n256
Original title
Warm result cache against uncached compute at n=256
Measurement boundary
Local CPU comparison of recomputation against reuse of a warm, immutable result at one fixture size. The cached rows measure a hit, not a miss, and the cache population cost is outside the timed rows.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
NumPy 2.2.6 with the recorded one-thread BLAS configuration; exact Python build not recorded.
Input
Structured integer-valued f64 fixture at n=256, the same fixture as the reassociation cohort.
Samples
30 warm timing blocks per method; 7 methods measured at this size.
Statistical method
median of 30 warm blocks per method
Cold / warm state
Warm: the cached row reuses a previously computed immutable result; the compute row recomputes.
Network
None; local process only.
Serialization
None; results stay in process memory.
Correctness checks
Not recorded as a pass or fail field in this file.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Vector result computed, no cache0.07005 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Vector result via library path, no cache0.0698 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Vector result reused from warm cache0.00355 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Demanded slice computed, no cache0.0295 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Demanded slice reused from warm cache0.0043 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Dense product computed, no cache0.31710000000000005 ms30median of warm timing blocks
Dense product reused from warm cache0.019 ms30median of warm timing blocks

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSVector result computed, no cache ÷ Vector result reused from warm cache = 19.732394×94.932191% lower time for Vector result reused from warm cache.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSDemanded slice computed, no cache ÷ Demanded slice reused from warm cache = 6.8604651×85.423729% lower time for Demanded slice reused from warm cache.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSDense product computed, no cache ÷ Dense product reused from warm cache = 16.689474×94.008199% lower time for Dense product reused from warm cache.

Experimental limitations

  • Cache rows price a hit; a cold miss and cache population cost are not included.
  • Cache size, eviction policy and population cost are not recorded in this file.
  • One fixture family and one host; results do not transfer to other shapes or machines.
  • Cache reuse is not evidence that remote execution is faster.

At n=256 the vector cache row records 0.00355 ms against 0.07005 ms for uncached compute (quotient 19.732394366197184); the slice pair is 0.0043 ms against 0.0295 ms (quotient 6.8604651162790695) and the dense pair 0.019 ms against 0.31710000000000005 ms (quotient 16.68947368421053). Paired 95 % savings intervals are [0.9457478005865103, 0.9566265060240964], [0.8444055944055944, 0.8716417910447761] and [0.9314096499526964, 0.9479326186830015]. Cache reuse is the measured gain in this file; it is not a remote execution result.

Technical details and evidence

ASPR

Research article ↗
Functional check

Can a forecaster predict which operations will be needed next?

Before any placement decision can be made, something has to anticipate which operations are coming, so I trained two baseline forecasters on a synthetic trace and scored them on data they had not seen.

A linear model and a recurrent network, each scored for precision, recall and for how often it reproduced a complete set of operations.

The linear model reached 0.78 precision and 0.84 recall and the recurrent model 0.78 and 0.79, but reproducing a whole complete set of operations succeeded essentially never, zero for the linear model and about 0.01 for the recurrent one.

Identifying plausible operations is a different thing from reproducing the complete set, so any modelled speed-up built on these forecasts has to be read with that gap in view.

These are synthetic traces rather than real drawing or production workloads, the thresholds were chosen on a separate validation slice, and the workload latency attached to these forecasts elsewhere is modelled rather than measured.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Linear precision78%
Linear recall83.6%
Recurrent precision78.3%
Recurrent recall78.6%
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
aspr-baseline-forecast-accuracy
Original title
Baseline linear and GRU placement forecasters on the held-out synthetic test split
Measurement boundary
Held-out classification metrics for two forecasters trained on a synthetic trace. The measured part is the model metric; the workload latency attached to these forecasts elsewhere is simulated.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
Python 3.12.10, NumPy 2.2.6, BLAS as recorded in the source.
Input
Synthetic trace split into train [0, 4290], validation [4320, 5730] and test [5760, 7170] as recorded in the source; 26 operations in the modeled workload.
Samples
Linear test counts: 640 true positives, 180 false positives, 126 false negatives. GRU test counts: 602 true positives, 167 false positives, 164 false negatives.
Statistical method
precision, recall, joint class accuracy and exact-bundle accuracy on the held-out test split
Cold / warm state
not recorded
Network
None; classification only. Workload placement cost is simulated in a separate file.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Precision, recall, exact-bundle accuracy and the confusion counts are recorded together, so each fraction can be recomputed from the counts in the same file.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Linear baseline precision0.7804878048780488 fraction820tp / (tp + fp) on the held-out test split
Linear baseline recall0.835509138381201 fraction766tp / (tp + fn) on the held-out test split
Linear baseline joint class accuracy0.5028368794326241 fractionnot recordedjoint class accuracy on the held-out test split; denominator not recorded
Linear baseline candidate exact-bundle accuracy0 fractionnot recordedexact-bundle accuracy on the held-out test split; denominator not recorded
Linear baseline discoverable bundle fraction0.8198433420365535 fractionnot recordedshare of bundles recorded as discoverable in the test split
GRU baseline precision0.7828348504551366 fraction769tp / (tp + fp) on the held-out test split
GRU baseline recall0.7859007832898173 fraction766tp / (tp + fn) on the held-out test split
GRU baseline joint class accuracy0.4645390070921986 fractionnot recordedjoint class accuracy on the held-out test split; denominator not recorded
GRU baseline candidate exact-bundle accuracy0.010443864229765013 fractionnot recordedexact-bundle accuracy on the held-out test split; denominator not recorded
GRU baseline discoverable bundle fraction0.8198433420365535 fractionnot recordedshare of bundles recorded as discoverable in the test split

Experimental limitations

  • Synthetic trace metrics; not real CAD or production workloads.
  • The test split is a held-out slice of the same synthetic trace family.
  • Exact-bundle accuracy is zero for the linear model and near zero for the GRU at this threshold.
  • Thresholds were selected on the original validation split.

Precision and recall are usable for both baseline classifiers, while candidate exact-bundle accuracy is 0.0 for linear and 0.010443864229765013 for GRU. A forecaster that identifies plausible operations does not thereby reproduce a complete bundle; the simulated workload results must be read with that gap in view.

Technical details and evidence
Simulation

Modelling where each operation should run when a local cache is available

I wanted to compare placement strategies before building any of them, so I modelled four of them over a synthetic trace with a 64 MiB local result cache.

Reactive placement, a hand-written heuristic, a learned linear placement and a learned recurrent placement, each over the same 134 operations with 33 cache hits.

Modelled mean latency was 42.9 ms for reactive, 30.5 ms for the heuristic, 30.1 ms for the learned linear placement and 40.7 ms for the learned recurrent placement, and the 95th percentile was 120.6 ms for every one of them.

The simple heuristic matched the learned linear placement and beat the learned recurrent one, and none of them improved the tail at all.

This is arithmetic modelling with no network, no remote machine and no accelerator exercised, the remote cost model is not independently validated here, and the latency attached to these forecasts is simulated rather than measured.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Reactive placement, mean42.9 ms
Heuristic placement, mean30.5 ms
Learned linear placement, mean30.1 ms
Learned recurrent placement, mean40.7 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Reactive placement, mean42.9 ms
Heuristic placement, mean30.5 ms
Learned linear placement, mean30.1 ms
Learned recurrent placement, mean40.7 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
aspr-cache-placement-simulation
Original title
Modeled placement with a 64 MiB local result cache: reactive, heuristic and learned
Measurement boundary
Arithmetic simulation of a strengthened local baseline with a 64 MiB result cache and a full copy charged on every reuse. Remote operations are costed arithmetically; no network, remote CPU or GPU was exercised.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
not recorded
Input
Synthetic trace of 134 operations with 33 recorded cache hits and a 52462080-byte cache footprint.
Samples
134 simulated operations per mode; 33 cache hits per mode.
Statistical method
modeled mean and 95th-percentile operation latency
Cold / warm state
Warm cache throughout; cache population cost is outside the modeled trace.
Network
Simulated only; no network was exercised.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Recorded unknown-bundle rejections are zero in every mode below.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Reactive placement, mean42.92724552238806 ms134modeled mean over the trace
Heuristic placement, mean30.4630051641791 ms134modeled mean over the trace
Learned linear placement, mean30.072405238805974 ms134modeled mean over the trace
Learned GRU placement, mean40.70129598507462 ms134modeled mean over the trace
Reactive placement, 95th percentile120.6 ms134modeled 95th percentile
Learned linear placement, 95th percentile120.6 ms134modeled 95th percentile

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSReactive placement, mean ÷ Learned linear placement, mean = 1.4274630×29.945644% lower time for Learned linear placement, mean.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSHeuristic placement, mean ÷ Learned linear placement, mean = 1.0129886×1.2822107% lower time for Learned linear placement, mean.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSLearned linear placement, mean ÷ Learned GRU placement, mean = 0.73885621×35.344332% higher time for Learned GRU placement, mean.

Experimental limitations

  • Arithmetic simulation; no measured remote latency is included.
  • The remote operation cost model is not independently validated in this file.
  • The 95th percentile is unchanged at 120.6 ms in every mode, so the mean gain does not move the tail.
  • GRU-driven learned placement is slower than the heuristic on the same trace.

Reactive placement records a mean of 42.92724552238806 ms, the heuristic 30.4630051641791 ms and learned linear placement 30.072405238805974 ms. Learned GRU placement records 40.70129598507462 ms and is worse than the heuristic. The 95th percentile remains 120.6 ms for every mode, so no tail-latency improvement is claimed.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The same six codecs on data that will not compress

A codec that looks good on friendly data can be useless on hostile data, so I ran the identical six profiles over a megabyte of random bytes.

The same six profiles over the same size of incompressible input.

Both zlib levels made the file slightly larger than the original, 1,048,902 bytes against 1,048,576, while lzma preset 1 gave 674,572 bytes, lzma preset 6 gave 848,528 and the byte-plane transform 558,573.

On incompressible input the general-purpose codecs buy very little and the cheapest option can cost bytes, so one corpus is not enough to choose a codec.

Ten samples per profile on one host, byte buffers with no transport, random synthetic bytes are not a drawing payload, and round-trip correctness is not recorded here.

See the comparison
Data transferred · lower is fewer bytes
Uncompressed1.05 MB
zlib level 11.05 MB
zlib level 91.05 MB
lzma preset 1675 kB
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Uncompressed1.05 MB
zlib level 11.05 MB
zlib level 91.05 MB
lzma preset 1675 kB
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
aspr-codec-random-1mib
Original title
Lossless codec screening on a 1 MiB random-byte buffer
Measurement boundary
Measured CPU encode and decode of a 1 MiB random-byte buffer through six lossless profiles. This is the negative case for compression: a codec that helps smooth data may expand or barely help incompressible data.
Hardware
Windows 11 host; CPU model not recorded.
Software
NumPy 2.2.6; exact Python and BLAS build not recorded.
Input
One 1048576-byte random_bytes buffer.
Samples
10 encode and 10 decode samples per profile; 6 profiles.
Statistical method
exact coded bytes and median encode time of 10 samples
Cold / warm state
Warm in-process buffers; repeated encodes of the same buffer.
Network
None; byte buffers only, no transport was exercised.
Serialization
Coded byte buffers; no request or response envelope is modeled.
Correctness checks
Round-trip correctness is not recorded as a pass or fail field in this file.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Raw bytes, no codec1048576 bytes10exact coded size; encode median 0.0948 ms in the source
zlib level 11048902 bytes10exact coded size; encode median 40.21175 ms in the source
zlib level 91048902 bytes10exact coded size; encode median 41.77355 ms in the source
lzma preset 1674572 bytes10exact coded size; encode median 255.056 ms in the source
lzma preset 6848528 bytes10exact coded size; encode median 320.27750000000003 ms in the source
XOR-plane transform plus zlib level 9558573 bytes10exact coded size; encode median 29.2665 ms in the source

Experimental limitations

  • Byte buffers only; no transport and no authenticated envelope.
  • 10 samples per profile on one host.
  • zlib expands this buffer at both levels tested.
  • Random synthetic bytes are not a CAD payload.

The raw buffer is 1048576 bytes. zlib level 1 and level 9 both expand it to 1048902 bytes; lzma preset 1 gives 674572 bytes, lzma preset 6 848528 and the XOR-plane transform with zlib level 9 558573. Compression gain on random bytes is small and codec-dependent, so a single corpus cannot justify a codec choice.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Six ways to compress one megabyte of smooth data

I wanted to know which lossless codec to reach for before committing to one, so I measured six profiles on a megabyte of smooth, highly structured bytes.

Uncompressed, two zlib levels, two lzma presets and a byte-plane transform followed by zlib, each with ten encode and ten decode samples.

The raw megabyte became 148,083 bytes with zlib level 1, 148,474 with level 9, 59,940 with lzma preset 1, 23,940 with lzma preset 6 and just 2,397 bytes with the byte-plane transform.

The transform followed by zlib was by far the smallest on this data, and the zlib level comparison is the warning: the higher level actually produced a slightly larger file.

Ten samples per profile on one host, byte buffers only with no transport or authenticated envelope, smooth synthetic bytes are not a drawing payload, and round-trip correctness is not recorded as a pass or a failure here.

See the comparison
Data transferred · lower is fewer bytes
Uncompressed1.05 MB
zlib level 1148 kB
zlib level 9148 kB
lzma preset 159.9 kB
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Uncompressed1.05 MB
zlib level 1148 kB
zlib level 9148 kB
lzma preset 159.9 kB
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
aspr-codec-smooth-1mib
Original title
Lossless codec screening on a 1 MiB smooth buffer
Measurement boundary
Measured CPU encode and decode of a 1 MiB smooth byte buffer through six lossless profiles. Coded size is the published result; encode and decode medians are recorded alongside it in the source.
Hardware
Windows 11 host; CPU model not recorded.
Software
NumPy 2.2.6; exact Python and BLAS build not recorded.
Input
One 1048576-byte smooth buffer.
Samples
10 encode and 10 decode samples per profile; 6 profiles.
Statistical method
exact coded bytes and median encode time of 10 samples
Cold / warm state
Warm in-process buffers; repeated encodes of the same buffer.
Network
None; byte buffers only, no transport was exercised.
Serialization
Coded byte buffers; no request or response envelope is modeled.
Correctness checks
Round-trip correctness is not recorded as a pass or fail field in this file.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Raw bytes, no codec1048576 bytes10exact coded size; encode median 0.00555 ms in the source
zlib level 1148083 bytes10exact coded size; encode median 12.79725 ms in the source
zlib level 9148474 bytes10exact coded size; encode median 791.3118 ms in the source
lzma preset 159940 bytes10exact coded size; encode median 48.127700000000004 ms in the source
lzma preset 623940 bytes10exact coded size; encode median 496.76265 ms in the source
XOR-plane transform plus zlib level 92397 bytes10exact coded size; encode median 12.7918 ms in the source

Experimental limitations

  • Byte buffers only; no transport and no authenticated envelope.
  • 10 samples per profile on one host.
  • Coded size is exact; encode and decode medians are session-local.
  • Smooth synthetic data is not a CAD payload.

The raw buffer is 1048576 bytes. zlib level 1 gives 148083 bytes, zlib level 9 148474, lzma preset 1 59940, lzma preset 6 23940 and the XOR-plane transform with zlib level 9 2397. The transform pair is the smallest encoding on this corpus, and the gap between zlib levels shows that a higher level can enlarge the output on smooth data.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

How much it costs to ask a forecaster for an opinion

A forecaster that costs more than it saves is pointless, so I measured the price of a single prediction for both models.

Five thousand timed calls per model in a fresh process, covering feature construction and one model call, with adaptation timed separately.

The linear model answered in a median of 0.045 ms and the recurrent model in 0.074 ms, with CPU time per call of 0.053 and 0.084 ms.

Asking for a forecast is three orders of magnitude cheaper than the operations it is meant to place, so the forecaster is never the reason a placement went wrong.

CPU inference only with no power telemetry and no accelerator path, five thousand calls on one machine whose processor was never recorded, and the model and feature memory counters read as zero in this data.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Linear model, median call44.6 µs
Recurrent model, median call74.1 µs
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Linear model, median call44.6 µs
Recurrent model, median call74.1 µs
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
aspr-inference-budget
Original title
Measured CPU inference and adaptation cost for both forecasters
Measurement boundary
Fresh-process CPU timing of feature construction plus one model call, repeated 5000 times per model. This is an inference budget, not workload latency and not a power measurement.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
not recorded
Input
The same feature construction and loaded weights used by the synthetic-trace forecasters.
Samples
5000 timed calls per model; adaptation timed separately.
Statistical method
median, 95th percentile and CPU milliseconds per call
Cold / warm state
Warm process; the first call is included in the recorded samples.
Network
None; local CPU only.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Not the subject of this measurement.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Linear, median call0.0446 ms5000median of 5000 calls
Linear, 95th-percentile call0.07280500000000002 ms500095th percentile of 5000 calls
Linear, CPU milliseconds per call0.053125 ms5000CPU time per call
GRU, median call0.0741 ms5000median of 5000 calls
GRU, 95th-percentile call0.126505 ms500095th percentile of 5000 calls
GRU, CPU milliseconds per call0.084375 ms5000CPU time per call

Experimental limitations

  • CPU inference only; no power telemetry and no GPU path.
  • 5000 calls per model on one unrecorded host.
  • The model and feature memory counters read zero in this file.
  • Inference cost is not workload latency.

The linear model records a median of 0.0446 ms and a 95th percentile of 0.07280500000000002 ms at 0.053125 CPU milliseconds per call; the GRU records 0.0741 ms, 0.126505 ms and 0.084375 CPU milliseconds per call. Both budgets are well below the modeled operation latencies, so inference cost does not explain the simulated placement results.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Whether background work slows the foreground

If the system does speculative work in the background, I needed to know what that does to someone waiting for an answer, so I ran a fixed operation under three background conditions.

Thirty bursts each with no background work, with unrestricted background work, and with background work limited to a ten-percent budget.

The median burst was 9.66 ms with no background work, 11.54 ms with unrestricted background work and 11.56 ms under the budget, with the 95th percentile rising from 12.0 ms to 13.5 ms and 13.3 ms.

Limiting the background budget did not protect the foreground here; both background conditions cost about the same, roughly two milliseconds of extra wait per burst.

Short bursts rather than a sustained energy test, one host with eight threads and no multi-tenant or remote interference, and the source of the background work is not described.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
No background work, median9.66 ms
Unlimited background work, median11.5 ms
Budgeted background work, median11.6 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
No background work, median9.66 ms
Unlimited background work, median11.5 ms
Budgeted background work, median11.6 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
aspr-interference-short-bursts
Original title
Short-burst response under no background work, unlimited background work and a ten-percent budget
Measurement boundary
Local CPU short-burst measurement of a fixed operation under three background-work conditions. This is not a battery-energy test and does not model sustained multi-tenant load.
Hardware
Local host with 8 threads; CPU model not recorded.
Software
not recorded
Input
Fixed burst operation repeated 30 times per condition.
Samples
30 timed bursts per condition; 3 conditions.
Statistical method
median and 95th percentile of 30 bursts
Cold / warm state
Warm; bursts run back to back after the condition is established.
Network
None; local CPU only.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Not the subject of this measurement.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
No background work, median9.663250000000001 ms30median of 30 bursts
No background work, 95th percentile11.99265 ms3095th percentile of 30 bursts
Unlimited background work, median11.544599999999999 ms30median of 30 bursts
Unlimited background work, 95th percentile13.505559999999997 ms3095th percentile of 30 bursts
Ten-percent background budget, median11.56305 ms30median of 30 bursts
Ten-percent background budget, 95th percentile13.307719999999998 ms3095th percentile of 30 bursts

Experimental limitations

  • Short bursts; not a battery-energy test.
  • Background work is recorded as CPU seconds and compressed bytes, but its source is not described in this file.
  • One host and 8 threads; no multi-tenant or remote interference.
  • All interference conditions are slower than the no-background condition.

The no-background median is 9.663250000000001 ms; unlimited background work gives 11.544599999999999 ms and the ten-percent budget gives 11.56305 ms. The 95th percentile rises from 11.99265 ms to 13.505559999999997 ms and 13.307719999999998 ms. Background work, whether unlimited or budgeted, does not reduce burst latency in this measurement.

Technical details and evidence
Simulation

Modelling background precomputation and splitting work between two places

If a forecast is often right, some of the work could be started in advance, so I modelled a learned precomputation mode and a mode that splits work between local and remote, at two different background cost levels.

A cache baseline, learned local precomputation and a dual placement mode, each modelled at one times and at four times the assumed background CPU cost.

At the cheaper background cost the baseline modelled 42.9 ms, precomputation 30.5 ms and the split mode 26.2 ms; at four times the background cost precomputation slipped to 38.2 ms and the split mode to 28.5 ms, and every combination still showed a 120.6 ms 95th percentile.

Speculative work buys a lower average only while the background budget stays cheap, and it does nothing for the tail.

A ten-percent CPU budget assumption rather than a measured scheduler, an identical tail in all six combinations, and background work that is charged but never validated against real behaviour.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Cache baseline, mean42.9 ms
Learned precomputation, mean30.5 ms
Dual placement, mean26.2 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Cache baseline, mean42.9 ms
Learned precomputation, mean30.5 ms
Dual placement, mean26.2 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
aspr-local-precompute-simulation
Original title
Modeled learned local precomputation and dual placement at one-times and four-times CPU work
Measurement boundary
Arithmetic simulation only, assuming a fluid ten-percent CPU budget for background work. Two CPU work factors are modeled so that the sensitivity of the result to background cost is visible.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
not recorded
Input
Synthetic trace of 134 operations; background results, useful speculated results and pending work are recorded per mode.
Samples
Six simulated mode and work-factor combinations; 134 operations per combination.
Statistical method
modeled mean and 95th-percentile operation latency with background CPU work
Cold / warm state
Warm cache in every combination.
Network
Simulated only; no network was exercised.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Pending work after the trace is zero and unknown-bundle rejections are not raised in the rows below.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Cache baseline, one-times CPU work, mean42.92724552238806 ms134modeled mean over the trace
Learned local predictive, one-times CPU work, mean30.49750298507462 ms134modeled mean over the trace
Dual placement, one-times CPU work, mean26.245946686567162 ms134modeled mean over the trace
Learned local predictive, four-times CPU work, mean38.22850298507463 ms134modeled mean over the trace
Dual placement, four-times CPU work, mean28.453419223880598 ms134modeled mean over the trace
All modes and work factors, 95th percentile120.6 ms134modeled 95th percentile, identical in all six combinations

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSCache baseline, one-times CPU work, mean ÷ Dual placement, one-times CPU work, mean = 1.6355762×38.859467% lower time for Dual placement, one-times CPU work, mean.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSCache baseline, one-times CPU work, mean ÷ Dual placement, four-times CPU work, mean = 1.5086850×33.717109% lower time for Dual placement, four-times CPU work, mean.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSLearned local predictive, one-times CPU work, mean ÷ Dual placement, one-times CPU work, mean = 1.1619891×13.940670% lower time for Dual placement, one-times CPU work, mean.

Experimental limitations

  • Arithmetic simulation with a ten-percent CPU budget assumption.
  • The 95th percentile is 120.6 ms in all six combinations; no tail improvement is modeled.
  • Background work is charged but not validated against a real scheduler.
  • Four-times CPU work erodes the gain of predictive precomputation.

At one-times CPU work the cache baseline records 42.92724552238806 ms, learned local predictive precomputation 30.49750298507462 ms and dual placement 26.245946686567162 ms. At four-times CPU work the predictive mode degrades to 38.22850298507463 ms and dual placement to 28.453419223880598 ms. Every combination keeps a 120.6 ms 95th percentile, so precomputation is a mean-cost result only.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

What the two forecasters actually cost in memory

Parameter counts alone would mislead me about deployment size, so I measured a fresh process with the numeric runtime and the weights loaded.

Working set, peak and recorded parameter storage for the linear model and for the recurrent one, each in its own fresh process.

The linear model occupied 26,984,448 bytes working and the recurrent model 27,070,464 bytes, while their parameter storage was 4,192 and 12,928 bytes, so a difference of a few thousand bytes of weights produced a difference of about 86 KB of process.

The shared runtime dominates the footprint, so parameter count tells you almost nothing about what deploying a model will cost.

The footprint includes the runtime rather than the weights alone, the two models were loaded one after another so a combined deployment is unmeasured, and there is no power telemetry.

See the comparison
Data transferred · lower is fewer bytes
Linear model, working bytes27 MB
Recurrent model, working bytes27.1 MB
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Linear model, working bytes27 MB
Recurrent model, working bytes27.1 MB
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
aspr-memory-corrected
Original title
Fresh-process runtime and loaded-weight memory for both forecasters
Measurement boundary
Fresh process measured with the NumPy runtime loaded plus model weights, both models loaded sequentially. This is a corrected footprint that includes the runtime, not model-only storage.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
not recorded
Input
Loaded linear and GRU weights plus the feature construction path.
Samples
One fresh process per model; working and peak counters recorded.
Statistical method
working bytes, peak bytes and recorded parameter bytes
Cold / warm state
Fresh process.
Network
None; local process only.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Not the subject of this measurement.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Linear working bytes26984448 bytesnot recordedfresh-process working set
Linear peak bytes26984448 bytesnot recordedfresh-process peak
Linear parameter bytes4192 bytesnot recordedrecorded parameter storage
GRU working bytes27070464 bytesnot recordedfresh-process working set
GRU peak bytes27070464 bytesnot recordedfresh-process peak
GRU parameter bytes12928 bytesnot recordedrecorded parameter storage

Experimental limitations

  • The footprint includes the runtime, so it is larger than weights alone.
  • Both models were loaded sequentially; a combined deployment is not measured.
  • No power telemetry.

Linear working memory is 26984448 bytes with 4192 parameter bytes; the GRU is 27070464 bytes with 12928 parameter bytes. The difference between the two models is dominated by the shared runtime, so parameter count is not a proxy for deployment footprint.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

The same forecasters on a fresh synthetic trace

I wanted to know whether the forecasts held up on data that had not influenced the thresholds, so I froze the thresholds from the earlier split and re-scored on a new trace.

I kept the prediction threshold unchanged and tested the linear and recurrent models on a fresh generated trace, counting correct predictions, misses and false alarms.

The linear model scored 0.79 precision and 0.82 recall and the recurrent model 0.80 and 0.81, so the refinement stabilised the ordinary metrics, while complete-set accuracy stayed at zero for the linear model and about 0.009 for the recurrent one.

Better classification did not turn forecasting into reproducing a whole set of operations, and that remains the unresolved part of the idea.

This is another generated trace, not real drawing data. I kept the thresholds unchanged rather than tuning them to the new test.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Linear precision79.4%
Linear recall82.3%
Recurrent precision80.2%
Recurrent recall80.5%
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
aspr-refined-forecast-fresh-trace
Original title
Frozen-threshold forecaster refinement on a fresh synthetic trace
Measurement boundary
Exploratory refinement evaluated on a fresh synthetic trace with thresholds frozen from the original validation split. The classification metrics below are measured; the workload latency attached to those forecasts elsewhere is simulated. Threshold sweeps over 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 are recorded separately in the source and are not the rows below.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
not recorded
Input
Fresh synthetic trace, separate from the original train and test split.
Samples
Linear fresh counts: 3284 true positives, 852 false positives, 706 false negatives. GRU fresh counts: 3213 true positives, 793 false positives, 777 false negatives.
Statistical method
precision, recall, joint class accuracy and exact-bundle accuracy at a frozen threshold
Cold / warm state
not recorded
Network
None; classification only.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
The frozen threshold, fresh counts and each fraction are recorded in the same file, so every fraction can be recomputed from its counts.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Linear refined precision0.7940038684719536 fraction4136tp / (tp + fp) on the fresh synthetic trace at a frozen threshold
Linear refined recall0.8230576441102757 fraction3990tp / (tp + fn) on the fresh synthetic trace at a frozen threshold
Linear refined joint class accuracy0.499163179916318 fractionnot recordedjoint class accuracy on the fresh synthetic trace; denominator not recorded
Linear refined exact-bundle accuracy0 fractionnot recordedexact-bundle accuracy on the fresh synthetic trace; denominator not recorded
Linear refined discoverable bundle fraction0.7518796992481203 fractionnot recordedshare of bundles recorded as discoverable on the fresh trace
GRU refined precision0.8020469296055917 fraction4006tp / (tp + fp) on the fresh synthetic trace at a frozen threshold
GRU refined recall0.8052631578947368 fraction3990tp / (tp + fn) on the fresh synthetic trace at a frozen threshold
GRU refined joint class accuracy0.45244072524407253 fractionnot recordedjoint class accuracy on the fresh synthetic trace; denominator not recorded
GRU refined exact-bundle accuracy0.008771929824561403 fractionnot recordedexact-bundle accuracy on the fresh synthetic trace; denominator not recorded
GRU refined discoverable bundle fraction0.7518796992481203 fractionnot recordedshare of bundles recorded as discoverable on the fresh trace

Experimental limitations

  • Exploratory refinement on a synthetic trace; not a new experiment family.
  • Thresholds were frozen from the original validation split, not tuned on the fresh trace.
  • Exact-bundle accuracy stays low even where precision and recall are stable.
  • The fresh trace is synthetic; it is not real CAD.

On the fresh trace the linear model records precision 0.7940038684719536 and recall 0.8230576441102757 with exact-bundle accuracy 0.0; the GRU records precision 0.8020469296055917 and recall 0.8052631578947368 with exact-bundle accuracy 0.008771929824561403. The refinement stabilises the discriminative metrics but does not turn forecasting into complete-bundle reproduction.

Technical details and evidence

ReSynth

Research article ↗
Performance

How the codec stack behaves on friendly and hostile payloads

I wanted the compression behaviour and its warm-up cost measured together, so I ran a codec matrix over loopback and then the same stack through an authenticated tunnel with repeated transfers.

Raw, two zstd levels and lz4 over a structured payload and over a random payload of the same size, then the same four modes repeated over a tunnel.

On the structured payload the upload fell from 49,400 bytes raw to 311 bytes with zstd level 1 and 292 with level 3, and the transfer from 565 ms to about 90 ms; on the random payload zstd level 3 saved only about a tenth of the upload and lz4 saved nothing, while over the tunnel the first raw transfer cost 6.5 ms and the third 0.37 ms as the profile store warmed.

The compression behaves honestly, near-total on structured data and almost nothing on random bytes, and the one-off profiling cost lands on the first transfer rather than being hidden.

One transfer per condition in the matrix, so the byte counts are repeatable but the timings are single observations, three transfers per group in the tunnel run with no distribution, a separate chunked-transfer test could not run on that operating system, and the two payload kinds are not interchangeable inputs.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
structured payload, raw: elapsed565 ms
structured payload, zstd level 1: elapsed90.3 ms
structured payload, zstd level 3: elapsed101 ms
structured payload, lz4: elapsed106 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
structured payload, raw: elapsed565 ms
structured payload, zstd level 1: elapsed90.3 ms
structured payload, zstd level 3: elapsed101 ms
structured payload, lz4: elapsed106 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-cn-codec-link-matrix
Original title
Codec matrix and authenticated tunnel timing, structured and random payloads, cold and warm profile
Measurement boundary
Two related measurements on one node. The first is a codec matrix over a loopback link, run once for a structured payload and once for a random payload across raw, two zstd levels and lz4. The second is the same stack over an authenticated local tunnel, where the profile cost of the first transfer is compared against later transfers to show the effect of the bounded profile cache.
Hardware
A Linux CPU node with 8 dedicated EPYC-Milan vCPUs, 30 GiB of memory and 4 GiB of swap, running Ubuntu 26.04.1 with no accelerator present.
Software
The runtime transport with the codec component and its bounded stratified profile cache, an authenticated local tunnel, and a system CBLAS provider. The toolchain version for this campaign is 1.99.1.
Input
A fixed pair of payloads: one structured and one random, of the same logical size, transferred through the codec envelope in both directions.
Samples
One measured transfer per codec per payload condition in the codec matrix. Three recorded transfers per payload kind and codec in the tunnel measurement, where the first is cold and the third is warm.
Statistical method
Single recorded values per codec and condition in the codec matrix. Median-equivalent values in the tunnel log are three recorded transfers, with the first and third published here.
Cold / warm state
The profile cache is bounded to a small number of entries with a five minute time to live. On the first recorded transfer the worker-side profile cost is tens of times larger than on the third, which is the cache becoming warm. The codec matrix is a single transfer per condition and is not repeated.
Network
Loopback for the codec matrix and an authenticated local tunnel for the second measurement. No external link, encryption or retransmission overhead is involved or recorded.
Serialization
The codec envelope carries a fixed header and a length prefix, and upload and download byte counts are recorded separately for every case.
Correctness checks
Every case in the codec matrix is recorded as correct, and the tunnel measurement records a per-call worker decode, encode and profile cost alongside the elapsed time.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
structured payload, raw: upload bytes49400 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
structured payload, raw: download bytes16485 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
structured payload, raw: elapsed564.776 ms1single recorded loopback transfer
structured payload, zstd level 1: upload bytes311 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
structured payload, zstd level 1: download bytes771 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
structured payload, zstd level 1: elapsed90.311 ms1single recorded loopback transfer
structured payload, zstd level 3: upload bytes292 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
structured payload, zstd level 3: download bytes835 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
structured payload, zstd level 3: elapsed101.093 ms1single recorded loopback transfer
structured payload, lz4: upload bytes487 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
structured payload, lz4: download bytes1408 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
structured payload, lz4: elapsed106.112 ms1single recorded loopback transfer
random payload, raw: upload bytes49400 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
random payload, raw: download bytes16485 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
random payload, raw: elapsed564.055 ms1single recorded loopback transfer
random payload, zstd level 1: upload bytes44475 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
random payload, zstd level 1: download bytes15405 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
random payload, zstd level 1: elapsed518.634 ms1single recorded loopback transfer
random payload, zstd level 3: upload bytes44451 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
random payload, zstd level 3: download bytes15403 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
random payload, zstd level 3: elapsed529.126 ms1single recorded loopback transfer
random payload, lz4: upload bytes49560 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
random payload, lz4: download bytes16646 bytes1single recorded loopback transfer
random payload, lz4: elapsed607.937 ms1single recorded loopback transfer
repeated payload, local path: elapsed, first recorded transfer0.054 ms1first recorded transfer of the group
repeated payload, local path: upload bytes0 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
repeated payload, local path: download bytes0 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
repeated payload, raw: elapsed, first recorded transfer6.533 ms1first recorded transfer of the group
repeated payload, raw: elapsed, last recorded transfer0.367 ms3last recorded transfer of the group (sample 2), after the profile cache is warm
repeated payload, raw: upload bytes49397 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
repeated payload, raw: download bytes16482 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
repeated payload, zstd level 1: elapsed, first recorded transfer51.921 ms1first recorded transfer of the group
repeated payload, zstd level 1: elapsed, last recorded transfer40.641 ms3last recorded transfer of the group (sample 2), after the profile cache is warm
repeated payload, zstd level 1: upload bytes302 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
repeated payload, zstd level 1: download bytes626 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
repeated payload, zstd level 1: worker profile cost, first recorded transfer1.396 ms1worker-side profile cost on the first recorded transfer
repeated payload, zstd level 1: worker profile cost, last recorded transfer0.022 ms1worker-side profile cost once the profile cache is warm
repeated payload, lz4: elapsed, first recorded transfer43.188 ms1first recorded transfer of the group
repeated payload, lz4: elapsed, last recorded transfer40.864 ms3last recorded transfer of the group (sample 2), after the profile cache is warm
repeated payload, lz4: upload bytes487 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
repeated payload, lz4: download bytes635 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
repeated payload, lz4: worker profile cost, first recorded transfer0.027 ms1worker-side profile cost on the first recorded transfer
repeated payload, lz4: worker profile cost, last recorded transfer0.023 ms1worker-side profile cost once the profile cache is warm
random payload, local path: elapsed, first recorded transfer0.016 ms1first recorded transfer of the group
random payload, local path: upload bytes0 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
random payload, local path: download bytes0 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
random payload, raw: elapsed, first recorded transfer0.375 ms1first recorded transfer of the group
random payload, raw: elapsed, last recorded transfer0.346 ms3last recorded transfer of the group (sample 2), after the profile cache is warm
random payload, raw: upload bytes49397 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
random payload, raw: download bytes16482 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
random payload, zstd level 1: elapsed, first recorded transfer41.442 ms1first recorded transfer of the group
random payload, zstd level 1: elapsed, last recorded transfer41.255 ms3last recorded transfer of the group (sample 2), after the profile cache is warm
random payload, zstd level 1: upload bytes29784 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
random payload, zstd level 1: download bytes15583 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
random payload, zstd level 1: worker profile cost, first recorded transfer0.726 ms1worker-side profile cost on the first recorded transfer
random payload, zstd level 1: worker profile cost, last recorded transfer0.024 ms1worker-side profile cost once the profile cache is warm
random payload, lz4: elapsed, first recorded transfer0.335 ms1first recorded transfer of the group
random payload, lz4: elapsed, last recorded transfer0.338 ms3last recorded transfer of the group (sample 2), after the profile cache is warm
random payload, lz4: upload bytes33273 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
random payload, lz4: download bytes16775 bytes1recorded application-stream bytes
random payload, lz4: worker profile cost, first recorded transfer0.015 ms1worker-side profile cost on the first recorded transfer
random payload, lz4: worker profile cost, last recorded transfer0.016 ms1worker-side profile cost once the profile cache is warm

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSrandom payload, zstd level 3: upload bytes ÷ random payload, raw: upload bytes = 0.89981781×11.133608% higher value for random payload, raw: upload bytes.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSstructured payload, zstd level 3: upload bytes ÷ structured payload, raw: upload bytes = 0.0059109312×16817.808% higher value for structured payload, raw: upload bytes.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSrandom payload, zstd level 3: elapsed ÷ random payload, raw: elapsed = 0.93807519×6.6012632% higher time for random payload, raw: elapsed.

Experimental limitations

  • The codec matrix is a single transfer per condition, so the byte figures are reproducible counts but the timings are single observations.
  • The tunnel measurement publishes three recorded transfers per group and no distribution.
  • These are node loopback baselines and are explicitly not evidence for the frozen useful-workload gate.
  • A separate chunked-transfer benchmark in the same campaign is blocked by an admission constraint on that operating system and produced no measurement.
  • The structural payload compresses to a few hundred bytes while the random payload barely compresses, so the two conditions are not interchangeable inputs.

The codec stack behaves as a compression stack should and honestly: on a structured payload it removes almost all of the bytes, while on a random payload zstd level 3 saves about a tenth of the upload and level 1 slightly less, and lz4 saves nothing at all. The tunnel measurement then shows the cost side of profiling: the first transfer pays a profile cost tens of times larger than the third, which is the bounded profile cache warming, and that warm-up cost is charged to the first call rather than hidden.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Transferring operands that came out of calculations

I wanted to know whether data produced by arithmetic behaves differently from data that was merely structured, so I measured the same modes on calculation-derived operands.

The same seven modes over the same four-call workload with the calculation-derived operand pattern.

The compressor cut the transfer to 263,749 bytes at 26.1 ms and difference encoding to 467,041 bytes at 23.1 ms, both far below the raw 1,058,842 bytes at 28.0 ms and local execution at 8.2 ms.

This regime behaves like the structured one rather than the random one, so where the data came from is not the same question as whether it compresses.

Every mode saw the same logical input once, with no repetitions; the byte counts leave out packet and tunnel overhead, the avoided-byte figure is measured against the raw run and can be negative, the timings overlap and must not be summed, and this is a Linux CPU transport measurement.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
local execution, no transport: total user wait8.19 ms
raw transport: total user wait28 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait26.2 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait26.1 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
local execution, no transport: total user wait8.19 ms
raw transport: total user wait28 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait26.2 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait26.1 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-transfer-calculations
Original title
Transfer byte and latency accounting, calculation-derived operands
Measurement boundary
A matched four-call workload whose operands are derived from calculations rather than being random or structured, measured across the transport and representation modes. Every mode was run against the same logical input demand and the same matched raw workload, so the byte columns are directly comparable across modes and the avoided-byte column is a difference against the raw mode rather than an absolute saving.
Hardware
A Linux CPU host running the transport harness with a system CBLAS provider. The host CPU model, core count and memory size are not recorded in this report.
Software
The runtime transport with its representation modes, a pinned reference BLAS provider, and an authenticated local tunnel. Compiler and operating system versions are not recorded in this report.
Input
The calculations operand regime of the matched four-call workload, with a logical input demand of 786432 bytes in the single-input modes and 786432 bytes for the resident mode of the chain regime.
Samples
One matched four-call workload per mode, with the raw mode as the byte-difference reference. No repeated trials or distributions are published for this campaign.
Statistical method
Measured application-stream byte totals and total user wait for the matched four-call workload. The avoided-byte figure is the difference against the matched raw workload and can be negative.
Cold / warm state
The measured totals include cold setup, calibration and cleanup. The adaptive mode additionally charges its own calibration, which is identified separately in the raw records.
Network
The measured byte columns are application-stream bytes only. IP, TCP and tunnel overhead and retransmissions are not recorded and are explicitly unknown.
Serialization
Logical, packed, encoded and framed byte counts are kept separate in the raw records; the published column is the framed application-stream total.
Correctness checks
Every mode in this class is recorded as passing the correctness check.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local execution, no transport: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: total user wait8.194 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1058842 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
raw transport: total wire bytes1058842 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: total user wait27.982 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run0 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total wire bytes467149 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total user wait26.153 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run591693 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes263749 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait26.074 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run795093 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total wire bytes467041 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total user wait23.115 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run591801 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total wire bytes263641 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total user wait26.33 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run795201 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total wire bytes733389 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total user wait29.689 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: bytes avoided against the matched raw run325453 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total user wait8.164 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1058842 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal execution, no transport: total user wait ÷ raw transport: total user wait = 0.29283111×241.49378% higher time for raw transport: total user wait.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSraw transport: total wire bytes ÷ lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes = 4.0145820×75.090807% lower value for lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes.

Experimental limitations

  • One matched workload per mode with no repeated trials and no distribution.
  • Physical packet, tunnel and retransmission overhead are not recorded, so the wire column is an application-stream measure.
  • The avoided-byte figure can be negative and is not a saving in every case.
  • The timings overlap and must not be summed, and the encode and decode counters cover the call phase only.
  • This is a Linux CPU transport measurement and is not a Windows or accelerator measurement.

The published rows let the representation modes be read against each other on the same logical input. The mode that wins depends entirely on the operand regime: a general-purpose codec helps most where the operands are structured and does nothing where they are not, and the adaptive mode does not dominate every regime. No single figure from this table should be quoted without its class.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Transferring operands that depend on each other

When each operand depends on the previous result, nothing can be sent ahead of time, so I measured the same modes on a dependent chain.

The five modes that ran in this regime, with the modes that were absent recorded as absent rather than inferred.

Raw transport moved 2,116,934 bytes in 60.4 ms against 21.8 ms locally, keeping the operand resident moved only 472,253 bytes in 37.7 ms and LZ4 331,285 bytes in 41.3 ms, while the automatic mode chose local at 23.1 ms.

In a dependent chain residency is worth the most, because it removed 1.6 MB of the 2.1 MB that raw had to carry.

Only five of the eight modes ran in this regime and the rest are recorded as missing rather than inferred; each mode was measured once, the byte counts omit packet and tunnel overhead, the timings overlap and must not be added, and this is a Linux CPU transport measurement.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
local execution, no transport: total user wait21.8 ms
raw transport: total user wait60.4 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait37.7 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait41.3 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
local execution, no transport: total user wait21.8 ms
raw transport: total user wait60.4 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait37.7 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait41.3 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-transfer-chain
Original title
Transfer byte and latency accounting, dependent operand chain
Measurement boundary
A matched workload whose operands form a dependent chain, so the later operands depend on the earlier results. Only five of the eight modes were run in this regime and the absent modes are recorded as absent rather than inferred. Every mode was run against the same logical input demand and the same matched raw workload, so the byte columns are directly comparable across modes and the avoided-byte column is a difference against the raw mode rather than an absolute saving.
Hardware
A Linux CPU host running the transport harness with a system CBLAS provider. The host CPU model, core count and memory size are not recorded in this report.
Software
The runtime transport with its representation modes, a pinned reference BLAS provider, and an authenticated local tunnel. Compiler and operating system versions are not recorded in this report.
Input
The chain operand regime of the matched four-call workload, with a logical input demand of 1572864 bytes in the single-input modes and 786432 bytes for the resident mode of the chain regime.
Samples
One matched four-call workload per mode, with the raw mode as the byte-difference reference. No repeated trials or distributions are published for this campaign.
Statistical method
Measured application-stream byte totals and total user wait for the matched four-call workload. The avoided-byte figure is the difference against the matched raw workload and can be negative.
Cold / warm state
The measured totals include cold setup, calibration and cleanup. The adaptive mode additionally charges its own calibration, which is identified separately in the raw records.
Network
The measured byte columns are application-stream bytes only. IP, TCP and tunnel overhead and retransmissions are not recorded and are explicitly unknown.
Serialization
Logical, packed, encoded and framed byte counts are kept separate in the raw records; the published column is the framed application-stream total.
Correctness checks
Every mode in this class is recorded as passing the correctness check.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local execution, no transport: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: total user wait21.782 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run2116934 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
raw transport: total wire bytes2116934 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: total user wait60.389 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run0 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total wire bytes472253 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total user wait37.704 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1644681 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes331285 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait41.311 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1785649 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total user wait23.091 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: bytes avoided against the matched raw run2116934 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal execution, no transport: total user wait ÷ raw transport: total user wait = 0.36069483×177.24268% higher time for raw transport: total user wait.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSraw transport: total wire bytes ÷ lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes = 6.3900690×84.350717% lower value for lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes.

Experimental limitations

  • One matched workload per mode with no repeated trials and no distribution.
  • Physical packet, tunnel and retransmission overhead are not recorded, so the wire column is an application-stream measure.
  • The avoided-byte figure can be negative and is not a saving in every case.
  • The timings overlap and must not be summed, and the encode and decode counters cover the call phase only.
  • This is a Linux CPU transport measurement and is not a Windows or accelerator measurement.

The published rows let the representation modes be read against each other on the same logical input. The mode that wins depends entirely on the operand regime: a general-purpose codec helps most where the operands are structured and does nothing where they are not, and the adaptive mode does not dominate every regime. No single figure from this table should be quoted without its class.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Asking for the entire output every time

Requesting everything back each call is the least favourable case for any shortcut, so I measured the same modes with the full output always demanded.

The same seven modes over the same four-call workload with the full-output pattern.

Raw transport moved 1,058,842 bytes in 29.2 ms against 9.4 ms locally, while the compressed modes moved around 600,000 bytes in 24 to 25 ms, and the automatic mode moved 996,838 bytes in 27.5 ms while its own local choice took 7.9 ms.

Demanding full outputs did not reorder the modes much; the automatic decision to stay local was still the fastest thing available.

One matched workload per mode with no repeats and no distribution; the byte counts omit packet and tunnel overhead, the avoided-byte figure is measured against the raw run and can be negative, the timings overlap and must not be summed, and this is a Linux CPU transport measurement.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
local execution, no transport: total user wait9.39 ms
raw transport: total user wait29.2 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait26.3 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait24.1 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
local execution, no transport: total user wait9.39 ms
raw transport: total user wait29.2 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait26.3 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait24.1 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-transfer-full-outputs
Original title
Transfer byte and latency accounting, full outputs requested
Measurement boundary
A matched four-call workload in which the full output is requested every time, measured across the transport and representation modes. Every mode was run against the same logical input demand and the same matched raw workload, so the byte columns are directly comparable across modes and the avoided-byte column is a difference against the raw mode rather than an absolute saving.
Hardware
A Linux CPU host running the transport harness with a system CBLAS provider. The host CPU model, core count and memory size are not recorded in this report.
Software
The runtime transport with its representation modes, a pinned reference BLAS provider, and an authenticated local tunnel. Compiler and operating system versions are not recorded in this report.
Input
The full outputs operand regime of the matched four-call workload, with a logical input demand of 786432 bytes in the single-input modes and 786432 bytes for the resident mode of the chain regime.
Samples
One matched four-call workload per mode, with the raw mode as the byte-difference reference. No repeated trials or distributions are published for this campaign.
Statistical method
Measured application-stream byte totals and total user wait for the matched four-call workload. The avoided-byte figure is the difference against the matched raw workload and can be negative.
Cold / warm state
The measured totals include cold setup, calibration and cleanup. The adaptive mode additionally charges its own calibration, which is identified separately in the raw records.
Network
The measured byte columns are application-stream bytes only. IP, TCP and tunnel overhead and retransmissions are not recorded and are explicitly unknown.
Serialization
Logical, packed, encoded and framed byte counts are kept separate in the raw records; the published column is the framed application-stream total.
Correctness checks
Every mode in this class is recorded as passing the correctness check.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local execution, no transport: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: total user wait9.39 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1058842 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
raw transport: total wire bytes1058842 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: total user wait29.16 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run0 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total wire bytes664012 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total user wait26.264 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run394830 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes600250 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait24.089 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run458592 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total wire bytes666022 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total user wait24.294 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run392820 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total wire bytes601798 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total user wait24.189 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run457044 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total wire bytes996838 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total user wait27.464 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: bytes avoided against the matched raw run62004 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total user wait7.939 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1058842 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal execution, no transport: total user wait ÷ raw transport: total user wait = 0.32201646×210.54313% higher time for raw transport: total user wait.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSraw transport: total wire bytes ÷ lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes = 1.7640017×43.310711% lower value for lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes.

Experimental limitations

  • One matched workload per mode with no repeated trials and no distribution.
  • Physical packet, tunnel and retransmission overhead are not recorded, so the wire column is an application-stream measure.
  • The avoided-byte figure can be negative and is not a saving in every case.
  • The timings overlap and must not be summed, and the encode and decode counters cover the call phase only.
  • This is a Linux CPU transport measurement and is not a Windows or accelerator measurement.

The published rows let the representation modes be read against each other on the same logical input. The mode that wins depends entirely on the operand regime: a general-purpose codec helps most where the operands are structured and does nothing where they are not, and the adaptive mode does not dominate every regime. No single figure from this table should be quoted without its class.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Transferring operands that resist compression

Compression should buy nothing here and might cost, so I measured the same modes on operands chosen to be hard to compress.

The same seven modes over the same four-call workload with the incompressible operand pattern.

LZ4 still moved 600,250 bytes but took 28.7 ms against raw at 27.0 ms, difference encoding moved 666,022 bytes in 32.8 ms, and combining compression with differences was the slowest mode of all at 43.8 ms, while local execution took 8.2 ms.

On this data compression bought much less and one combination cost more than sending everything raw, so the representation has to follow the data rather than a fixed preference.

Each mode was run once on the same matched workload, so there is no distribution; the byte counts leave out packet and tunnel overhead, the avoided-byte figure is measured against the raw run and may be negative, the timings overlap and cannot be added, and this is a Linux CPU transport measurement.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
local execution, no transport: total user wait8.24 ms
raw transport: total user wait27 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait26.7 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait28.7 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
local execution, no transport: total user wait8.24 ms
raw transport: total user wait27 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait26.7 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait28.7 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-transfer-incompressible
Original title
Transfer byte and latency accounting, incompressible operands
Measurement boundary
A matched four-call workload whose operands resist compression, measured across the transport and representation modes. This is the regime where compression should pay nothing and may cost. Every mode was run against the same logical input demand and the same matched raw workload, so the byte columns are directly comparable across modes and the avoided-byte column is a difference against the raw mode rather than an absolute saving.
Hardware
A Linux CPU host running the transport harness with a system CBLAS provider. The host CPU model, core count and memory size are not recorded in this report.
Software
The runtime transport with its representation modes, a pinned reference BLAS provider, and an authenticated local tunnel. Compiler and operating system versions are not recorded in this report.
Input
The incompressible operand regime of the matched four-call workload, with a logical input demand of 786432 bytes in the single-input modes and 786432 bytes for the resident mode of the chain regime.
Samples
One matched four-call workload per mode, with the raw mode as the byte-difference reference. No repeated trials or distributions are published for this campaign.
Statistical method
Measured application-stream byte totals and total user wait for the matched four-call workload. The avoided-byte figure is the difference against the matched raw workload and can be negative.
Cold / warm state
The measured totals include cold setup, calibration and cleanup. The adaptive mode additionally charges its own calibration, which is identified separately in the raw records.
Network
The measured byte columns are application-stream bytes only. IP, TCP and tunnel overhead and retransmissions are not recorded and are explicitly unknown.
Serialization
Logical, packed, encoded and framed byte counts are kept separate in the raw records; the published column is the framed application-stream total.
Correctness checks
Every mode in this class is recorded as passing the correctness check.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local execution, no transport: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: total user wait8.235 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1058842 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
raw transport: total wire bytes1058842 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: total user wait26.958 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run0 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total wire bytes664012 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total user wait26.651 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run394830 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes600250 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait28.666 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run458592 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total wire bytes666022 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total user wait32.827 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run392820 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total wire bytes601798 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total user wait43.809 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run457044 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total wire bytes996838 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total user wait27.778 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: bytes avoided against the matched raw run62004 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total user wait8.147 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1058842 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal execution, no transport: total user wait ÷ raw transport: total user wait = 0.30547518×227.35883% higher time for raw transport: total user wait.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSraw transport: total wire bytes ÷ lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes = 1.7640017×43.310711% lower value for lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes.

Experimental limitations

  • One matched workload per mode with no repeated trials and no distribution.
  • Physical packet, tunnel and retransmission overhead are not recorded, so the wire column is an application-stream measure.
  • The avoided-byte figure can be negative and is not a saving in every case.
  • The timings overlap and must not be summed, and the encode and decode counters cover the call phase only.
  • This is a Linux CPU transport measurement and is not a Windows or accelerator measurement.

The published rows let the representation modes be read against each other on the same logical input. The mode that wins depends entirely on the operand regime: a general-purpose codec helps most where the operands are structured and does nothing where they are not, and the adaptive mode does not dominate every regime. No single figure from this table should be quoted without its class.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

A workload that mixes several kinds of operand

Real workloads mix data shapes, so I measured the same modes on a workload that combines several regimes in one run.

The same seven modes over a single four-call workload mixing regimes.

Raw transport moved 529,796 bytes in 18.9 ms against 8.6 ms locally, LZ4 moved 197,973 bytes in 18.0 ms and the resident-operand mode 398,002 bytes in 15.8 ms, but the automatic mode moved 664,124 bytes, more than the raw run it was supposed to improve on, and took 20.8 ms.

The mixed regime is where automatic selection can look actively bad, which is why I keep that negative result visible instead of quietly dropping it.

One matched workload per mode with no repeats or distribution; the byte counts leave out packet and tunnel overhead, the avoided-byte figure is measured against the raw run and is negative here, the timings overlap and must not be added together, and this is a Linux CPU transport measurement.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
local execution, no transport: total user wait8.64 ms
raw transport: total user wait18.9 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait15.8 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait18 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
local execution, no transport: total user wait8.64 ms
raw transport: total user wait18.9 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait15.8 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait18 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-transfer-mixed
Original title
Transfer byte and latency accounting, mixed operand regime
Measurement boundary
A matched four-call workload combining operand regimes within one workload, measured across the transport and representation modes. The adaptive mode records negative avoided bytes in this regime. Every mode was run against the same logical input demand and the same matched raw workload, so the byte columns are directly comparable across modes and the avoided-byte column is a difference against the raw mode rather than an absolute saving.
Hardware
A Linux CPU host running the transport harness with a system CBLAS provider. The host CPU model, core count and memory size are not recorded in this report.
Software
The runtime transport with its representation modes, a pinned reference BLAS provider, and an authenticated local tunnel. Compiler and operating system versions are not recorded in this report.
Input
The mixed operand regime of the matched four-call workload, with a logical input demand of 786432 bytes in the single-input modes and 786432 bytes for the resident mode of the chain regime.
Samples
One matched four-call workload per mode, with the raw mode as the byte-difference reference. No repeated trials or distributions are published for this campaign.
Statistical method
Measured application-stream byte totals and total user wait for the matched four-call workload. The avoided-byte figure is the difference against the matched raw workload and can be negative.
Cold / warm state
The measured totals include cold setup, calibration and cleanup. The adaptive mode additionally charges its own calibration, which is identified separately in the raw records.
Network
The measured byte columns are application-stream bytes only. IP, TCP and tunnel overhead and retransmissions are not recorded and are explicitly unknown.
Serialization
Logical, packed, encoded and framed byte counts are kept separate in the raw records; the published column is the framed application-stream total.
Correctness checks
Every mode in this class is recorded as passing the correctness check.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local execution, no transport: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: total user wait8.638 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run529796 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
raw transport: total wire bytes529796 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: total user wait18.885 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run0 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total wire bytes398002 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total user wait15.838 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run131794 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes197973 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait18.005 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run331823 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total wire bytes398654 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total user wait16.65 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run131142 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total wire bytes231503 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total user wait18.587 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run298293 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total wire bytes664124 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total user wait20.83 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: bytes avoided against the matched raw run-134328 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total user wait9.66 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: bytes avoided against the matched raw run529796 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal execution, no transport: total user wait ÷ raw transport: total user wait = 0.45740005×118.62700% higher time for raw transport: total user wait.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSraw transport: total wire bytes ÷ lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes = 2.6761023×62.632221% lower value for lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes.

Experimental limitations

  • One matched workload per mode with no repeated trials and no distribution.
  • Physical packet, tunnel and retransmission overhead are not recorded, so the wire column is an application-stream measure.
  • The avoided-byte figure can be negative and is not a saving in every case.
  • The timings overlap and must not be summed, and the encode and decode counters cover the call phase only.
  • This is a Linux CPU transport measurement and is not a Windows or accelerator measurement.

The published rows let the representation modes be read against each other on the same logical input. The mode that wins depends entirely on the operand regime: a general-purpose codec helps most where the operands are structured and does nothing where they are not, and the adaptive mode does not dominate every regime. No single figure from this table should be quoted without its class.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Transferring operands that change slightly between calls

Byte-level difference encoding exists precisely for this shape of data, so I measured the same set of modes on operands that shift a little between calls.

The same seven modes over the same four-call workload with the small-change operand pattern.

Raw transport moved 1,058,842 bytes in 33.9 ms against 10.7 ms locally; the resident-operand mode moved 664,012 bytes in 24.4 ms, difference encoding 567,631 bytes in 31.5 ms and LZ4 361,908 bytes in 27.9 ms, while the automatic mode again chose local and took 14.7 ms.

Difference encoding did reduce the bytes against raw, but LZ4 did better still, and the automatic chooser once more decided the work was not worth sending.

Each mode was measured once on the same matched workload, so there is no distribution behind any of these numbers; the byte counts leave out packet and tunnel overhead, the avoided-byte figure is measured against the raw run and can come out negative, the timings overlap and must not be added together, and this is a Linux CPU transport measurement.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
local execution, no transport: total user wait10.7 ms
raw transport: total user wait33.9 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait24.4 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait27.9 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
local execution, no transport: total user wait10.7 ms
raw transport: total user wait33.9 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait24.4 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait27.9 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-transfer-small-changes
Original title
Transfer byte and latency accounting, small operand changes
Measurement boundary
A matched four-call workload in which the operands change slightly between calls, measured across the transport and representation modes. This is the regime that byte-level delta encoding is designed for. Every mode was run against the same logical input demand and the same matched raw workload, so the byte columns are directly comparable across modes and the avoided-byte column is a difference against the raw mode rather than an absolute saving.
Hardware
A Linux CPU host running the transport harness with a system CBLAS provider. The host CPU model, core count and memory size are not recorded in this report.
Software
The runtime transport with its representation modes, a pinned reference BLAS provider, and an authenticated local tunnel. Compiler and operating system versions are not recorded in this report.
Input
The small changes operand regime of the matched four-call workload, with a logical input demand of 786432 bytes in the single-input modes and 786432 bytes for the resident mode of the chain regime.
Samples
One matched four-call workload per mode, with the raw mode as the byte-difference reference. No repeated trials or distributions are published for this campaign.
Statistical method
Measured application-stream byte totals and total user wait for the matched four-call workload. The avoided-byte figure is the difference against the matched raw workload and can be negative.
Cold / warm state
The measured totals include cold setup, calibration and cleanup. The adaptive mode additionally charges its own calibration, which is identified separately in the raw records.
Network
The measured byte columns are application-stream bytes only. IP, TCP and tunnel overhead and retransmissions are not recorded and are explicitly unknown.
Serialization
Logical, packed, encoded and framed byte counts are kept separate in the raw records; the published column is the framed application-stream total.
Correctness checks
Every mode in this class is recorded as passing the correctness check.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local execution, no transport: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: total user wait10.724 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1058842 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
raw transport: total wire bytes1058842 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: total user wait33.879 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run0 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total wire bytes664012 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total user wait24.36 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run394830 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes361908 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait27.897 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run696934 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total wire bytes567631 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total user wait31.491 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run491211 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total wire bytes364116 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total user wait29.563 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run694726 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total wire bytes865458 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total user wait29.058 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: bytes avoided against the matched raw run193384 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total user wait14.697 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1058842 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal execution, no transport: total user wait ÷ raw transport: total user wait = 0.31653827×215.91757% higher time for raw transport: total user wait.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSraw transport: total wire bytes ÷ lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes = 2.9257215×65.820396% lower value for lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes.

Experimental limitations

  • One matched workload per mode with no repeated trials and no distribution.
  • Physical packet, tunnel and retransmission overhead are not recorded, so the wire column is an application-stream measure.
  • The avoided-byte figure can be negative and is not a saving in every case.
  • The timings overlap and must not be summed, and the encode and decode counters cover the call phase only.
  • This is a Linux CPU transport measurement and is not a Windows or accelerator measurement.

The published rows let the representation modes be read against each other on the same logical input. The mode that wins depends entirely on the operand regime: a general-purpose codec helps most where the operands are structured and does nothing where they are not, and the adaptive mode does not dominate every regime. No single figure from this table should be quoted without its class.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Transferring operands that are highly structured

This is the regime a general-purpose compressor should pay for best, so I measured the same modes on operands with strong internal structure.

The same seven modes over the same four-call workload with the structured operand pattern.

LZ4 cut the transfer from 1,058,842 bytes raw to 45,312 bytes and brought the wait down to 21.6 ms, below both the resident-operand mode at 467,149 bytes and 23.4 ms and raw at 28.3 ms, against 9.9 ms for local execution.

Here the compressor was clearly the best of the sending modes, yet the automatic chooser still preferred to keep everything local at 8.0 ms.

Every mode was measured once against the same matched workload with no distribution; the byte counts omit packet and tunnel overhead, the avoided-byte figure is measured against the raw run and can be negative, the timings overlap and must not be summed, and this is a Linux CPU transport measurement.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution9.91 ms
Uncompressed transfer28.3 ms
Reuse an existing input23.4 ms
Compressed transfer (LZ4)21.6 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution9.91 ms
Uncompressed transfer28.3 ms
Reuse an existing input23.4 ms
Compressed transfer (LZ4)21.6 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-transfer-structured
Original title
Transfer byte and latency accounting, structured operands
Measurement boundary
A matched four-call workload whose operands are structured rather than random, measured across the transport and representation modes. This is the regime where a general-purpose compressor should pay the most. Every mode was run against the same logical input demand and the same matched raw workload, so the byte columns are directly comparable across modes and the avoided-byte column is a difference against the raw mode rather than an absolute saving.
Hardware
A Linux CPU host running the transport harness with a system CBLAS provider. The host CPU model, core count and memory size are not recorded in this report.
Software
The runtime transport with its representation modes, a pinned reference BLAS provider, and an authenticated local tunnel. Compiler and operating system versions are not recorded in this report.
Input
The structured operand regime of the matched four-call workload, with a logical input demand of 786432 bytes in the single-input modes and 786432 bytes for the resident mode of the chain regime.
Samples
One matched four-call workload per mode, with the raw mode as the byte-difference reference. No repeated trials or distributions are published for this campaign.
Statistical method
Measured application-stream byte totals and total user wait for the matched four-call workload. The avoided-byte figure is the difference against the matched raw workload and can be negative.
Cold / warm state
The measured totals include cold setup, calibration and cleanup. The adaptive mode additionally charges its own calibration, which is identified separately in the raw records.
Network
The measured byte columns are application-stream bytes only. IP, TCP and tunnel overhead and retransmissions are not recorded and are explicitly unknown.
Serialization
Logical, packed, encoded and framed byte counts are kept separate in the raw records; the published column is the framed application-stream total.
Correctness checks
Every mode in this class is recorded as passing the correctness check.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local execution, no transport: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: total user wait9.905 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1058842 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
raw transport: total wire bytes1058842 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: total user wait28.296 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run0 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total wire bytes467149 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total user wait23.37 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run591693 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes45312 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait21.622 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1013530 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total wire bytes467041 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total user wait23.22 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run591801 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total wire bytes45204 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total user wait22.523 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1013638 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total wire bytes701164 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total user wait26.08 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: bytes avoided against the matched raw run357678 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total user wait8.011 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1058842 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal execution, no transport: total user wait ÷ raw transport: total user wait = 0.35004948×185.67390% higher time for raw transport: total user wait.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSraw transport: total wire bytes ÷ lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes = 23.367805×95.720608% lower value for lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes.

Experimental limitations

  • One matched workload per mode with no repeated trials and no distribution.
  • Physical packet, tunnel and retransmission overhead are not recorded, so the wire column is an application-stream measure.
  • The avoided-byte figure can be negative and is not a saving in every case.
  • The timings overlap and must not be summed, and the encode and decode counters cover the call phase only.
  • This is a Linux CPU transport measurement and is not a Windows or accelerator measurement.

The published rows let the representation modes be read against each other on the same logical input. The mode that wins depends entirely on the operand regime: a general-purpose codec helps most where the operands are structured and does nothing where they are not, and the adaptive mode does not dominate every regime. No single figure from this table should be quoted without its class.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Transferring operands that never change

This is the regime where keeping an operand on the far side should pay best, so I measured every transport mode against the same matched workload.

Local execution with no transport against raw, resident-operand, LZ4-compressed, byte-delta, compressed-delta and automatic modes, each over the same four-call workload with the same logical input.

Raw transport moved 1,058,842 bytes and took 37.9 ms against 8.7 ms locally; keeping the operand resident cut that to 467,149 bytes and 22.2 ms, and LZ4 got it to 263,749 bytes and 24.5 ms, while the automatic mode chose to stay local and took 10.4 ms.

With an unchanged operand both residency and compression cut the bytes substantially, and the mode that decides automatically ended up ahead of all of them.

A single matched workload per mode with no repeats; the byte counts leave out packet and tunnel overhead, the avoided-byte figure is measured against the raw run and can come out negative, the timings overlap and must not be added together, and this is a Linux CPU transport measurement.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
local execution, no transport: total user wait8.74 ms
raw transport: total user wait37.9 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait22.2 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait24.5 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
local execution, no transport: total user wait8.74 ms
raw transport: total user wait37.9 ms
resident-operand transport: total user wait22.2 ms
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait24.5 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-transfer-unchanged
Original title
Transfer byte and latency accounting, unchanged operands
Measurement boundary
A matched four-call workload whose operands do not change between calls, measured across the transport and representation modes. This is the regime where holding an operand resident should pay the most. Every mode was run against the same logical input demand and the same matched raw workload, so the byte columns are directly comparable across modes and the avoided-byte column is a difference against the raw mode rather than an absolute saving.
Hardware
A Linux CPU host running the transport harness with a system CBLAS provider. The host CPU model, core count and memory size are not recorded in this report.
Software
The runtime transport with its representation modes, a pinned reference BLAS provider, and an authenticated local tunnel. Compiler and operating system versions are not recorded in this report.
Input
The unchanged operand regime of the matched four-call workload, with a logical input demand of 786432 bytes in the single-input modes and 786432 bytes for the resident mode of the chain regime.
Samples
One matched four-call workload per mode, with the raw mode as the byte-difference reference. No repeated trials or distributions are published for this campaign.
Statistical method
Measured application-stream byte totals and total user wait for the matched four-call workload. The avoided-byte figure is the difference against the matched raw workload and can be negative.
Cold / warm state
The measured totals include cold setup, calibration and cleanup. The adaptive mode additionally charges its own calibration, which is identified separately in the raw records.
Network
The measured byte columns are application-stream bytes only. IP, TCP and tunnel overhead and retransmissions are not recorded and are explicitly unknown.
Serialization
Logical, packed, encoded and framed byte counts are kept separate in the raw records; the published column is the framed application-stream total.
Correctness checks
Every mode in this class is recorded as passing the correctness check.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local execution, no transport: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: total user wait8.744 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
local execution, no transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1058842 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
raw transport: total wire bytes1058842 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: total user wait37.934 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
raw transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run0 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total wire bytes467149 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: total user wait22.222 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
resident-operand transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run591693 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes263749 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: total user wait24.545 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run795093 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total wire bytes467017 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: total user wait25.53 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run591825 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total wire bytes263617 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: total user wait30.674 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
lz4-compressed byte-delta transport: bytes avoided against the matched raw run795225 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total wire bytes733389 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: total user wait27.245 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive representation selection: bytes avoided against the matched raw run325453 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total wire bytes0 bytes4measured application-stream bytes across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: total user wait10.374 ms4total user wait across a matched four-call workload
adaptive selection, which chose the local path: bytes avoided against the matched raw run1058842 bytes4measured stream-byte difference against the matched raw four-call workload

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal execution, no transport: total user wait ÷ raw transport: total user wait = 0.23050562×333.82891% higher time for raw transport: total user wait.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSraw transport: total wire bytes ÷ lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes = 4.0145820×75.090807% lower value for lz4-compressed transport: total wire bytes.

Experimental limitations

  • One matched workload per mode with no repeated trials and no distribution.
  • Physical packet, tunnel and retransmission overhead are not recorded, so the wire column is an application-stream measure.
  • The avoided-byte figure can be negative and is not a saving in every case.
  • The timings overlap and must not be summed, and the encode and decode counters cover the call phase only.
  • This is a Linux CPU transport measurement and is not a Windows or accelerator measurement.

The published rows let the representation modes be read against each other on the same logical input. The mode that wins depends entirely on the operand regime: a general-purpose codec helps most where the operands are structured and does nothing where they are not, and the adaptive mode does not dominate every regime. No single figure from this table should be quoted without its class.

Technical details and evidence

Splice

Research article ↗
Functional check

A Windows client working against a Linux worker

The next question was whether the two sides can actually talk to each other across operating systems, so I ran a live exchange from Windows to a Linux worker.

Uploading a 4 by 4 object set, referencing it three times, executing one multiplication, and then deliberately violating the protocol in three ways.

All 16 output elements were checked and correct, the three violations, a stale epoch, a released handle and the wrong worker, were each refused, the worker released every resident byte at the end, and the session moved 2,053 bytes out and 1,141 back in 12.5 seconds.

The object protocol works across operating systems for the demonstrated path, with clean cleanup and no leaked residency.

One session and one execution, the object shape is small so nothing is established about scale or throughput, only the client-to-worker direction was exercised, and the result is functional rather than a performance one.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Output elements checked16 cases
Negative paths exercised3 cases
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-s5-windows-linux-object-interop
Original title
Windows client exchanging objects with a Linux worker
Measurement boundary
A live functional exchange across operating systems: a Windows client uploads objects to a Linux worker, references them, executes one multiplication and releases them, with three negative paths. It is a functional interoperability milestone rather than a performance result.
Hardware
A Windows client and a Linux CPU worker on the same admitted host family. The worker process is bounded by an enforced process memory envelope; the accelerator is not involved.
Software
One exact source revision shared by the client and the worker, with the Windows binary and the worker binary identified by digest in the receipts.
Input
A 4 by 4 f32 object set: 16 final output elements checked, 3 references and 1 execution, with stale-epoch, released-handle and wrong-worker negatives.
Samples
One recorded live session with one execution and three references.
Statistical method
Counts of references, executions, checked elements and negatives, plus one recorded end-to-end duration and the directional stream counters. No distribution is published.
Cold / warm state
A single session against a ready worker. No cold-start cost is published.
Network
Loopback between the client and the worker, with 2,053 bytes outbound and 1,141 bytes inbound recorded for the session.
Serialization
The session moved 2,053 bytes outbound and 1,141 bytes inbound, and the worker released all resident bytes at the end.
Correctness checks
The result was recorded as a pass with all 16 final output elements checked. Stale-epoch handle use, released-handle use and a wrong-worker handshake were each rejected, and the worker released to zero resident bytes. The cleanup receipt reported a successful exit with the local key removed and the owned worker absent.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
final output elements checked16 cases1all 16 elements of the 4 by 4 f32 output
references issued3 calls1references against the uploaded object set
executions1 calls1one multiplication executed by the worker
negative paths exercised3 cases3stale epoch, released handle and wrong worker
outbound stream bytes2053 bytes1directional stream counter for the session
inbound stream bytes1141 bytes1directional stream counter for the session
end-to-end session duration12463.547 ms1single recorded duration under an explicit absolute deadline
resident bytes after release0 bytes1the worker released to zero resident bytes

Experimental limitations

  • One session and one execution; no distribution and no timing qualification.
  • The object shape is small, so nothing is established about large-message behaviour or throughput.
  • This is a client to worker direction only; the reverse direction is not represented.
  • The result is functional and carries no performance or acceleration meaning.
  • The reviewer note records that the original raw path remains separate malformed-record functional evidence with its own limitations.

The object protocol works across operating systems for the demonstrated path: correct results, three working negative paths, a clean release to zero resident bytes and a clean cleanup. What it does not establish is scale, throughput or the reverse direction, and it is not a performance result.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The native floor: what this multiplication costs on a personal machine

Before asking whether any external path helps, I measured the plain native cost of the fixed multiplication with an independently written program that does nothing but call a good library.

Direct native calls, the cost of copying the operands, the cost of fully validating the output, and the process setup, all inside one child process on my own Windows machine.

The multiplication itself took 162 to 165 ms, adding operand copies and full output validation brought the call to 215 to 219 ms, and the whole program from entry to cleanup took 850 ms.

That 162 to 165 ms is the floor any external path has to beat, and the extra 50 ms of validation is what any trustworthy result has to pay.

One child and two calls with no distribution, a four-thread configuration failed to allocate under a memory cap so the threading picture is incomplete, the machine was not idle, and this is an arithmetic reference rather than an end-to-end latency.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Direct native call, first165 ms
Direct native call, repeated162 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Direct native call, first165 ms
Direct native call, repeated162 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-win-native-c-baseline
Original title
Independent native C baseline for the frozen 2048-square workload on a personal Windows machine
Measurement boundary
A separately written C fixture that loads a pinned optimised BLAS and calls it directly, independent of the runtime and of the interception layer. It exists to provide the native arithmetic reference against which the runtime path is read.
Hardware
A personal Windows 11 Pro machine, build 10.0.26200, with an Intel i7-8665U, 4 cores and 8 logical processors, 8,325,652,480 bytes of memory and Intel UHD Graphics 620. Existing user processes were left running, so the machine was not otherwise idle.
Software
A pinned official OpenBLAS 0.3.34 x64 LP64 dynamic library of 51,379,251 bytes, whose upstream release archive digest was verified against the publisher release interface. The library is unsigned and no signature claim is made. The fixture was compiled with the Microsoft toolchain and holds non-reparse ancestor handles against rename and provider file handles against writes and deletion, restricting dependency search to the system directory.
Input
The frozen 2048 by 2048 f32 operands with recorded input digests, alpha 1, beta 0, producing a fully materialised 16,777,216-byte output.
Samples
Two calls in a single fresh child process, one first and one repeated.
Statistical method
Single recorded values per interval from one two-call child; there is no repeated-sample distribution and no statistical qualification.
Cold / warm state
One cold child performs setup, then the two calls. The repeated call is the only warm observation.
Network
None. The fixture is a local process with no transport.
Serialization
None. The fixture produces no request or response frame.
Correctness checks
Each output is exactly 16,777,216 bytes, passes a full finite scan, a full SHA-256 and 64 deterministic f64 scalar dot-product checks at 1e-4 absolute plus 1e-4 relative. The maximum sampled absolute error was 0.000529259600171 and the repeated output digest matched the first.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
direct native multiplication, first call165.1557 ms1single recorded interval in one child process
direct native multiplication, repeated call161.9817 ms1single recorded interval in one child process
operand snapshot, first call3.1676 ms1single recorded interval in one child process
operand snapshot, repeated call1.8216 ms1single recorded interval in one child process
full output hash, finite scan and 64 scalar checks, first call50.1971 ms1single recorded interval in one child process
full output hash, finite scan and 64 scalar checks, repeated call51.0359 ms1single recorded interval in one child process
call total including validation, first call218.5204 ms1single recorded interval in one child process
call total including validation, repeated call214.8392 ms1single recorded interval in one child process
process setup411.7636 ms1single recorded interval, including nested provider load and admission
nested provider load and admission inside setup136.4707 ms1single recorded interval
cleanup4.8053 ms1single recorded interval
whole application from entry through cleanup849.929 ms1single recorded interval
maximum sampled absolute error against the reference0.000529259600171 ratio64maximum over 64 deterministic scalar checks
four-thread configuration allocation failure0 cases10 denotes the child exited with a provider allocation failure and emitted no timing

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSdirect native multiplication, repeated call ÷ call total including validation, repeated call = 0.75396715×32.631773% higher time for call total including validation, repeated call.

Experimental limitations

  • One child and two calls; no distribution and no statistical qualification.
  • A four-thread configuration of the same fixture failed to allocate under a 512 MiB process cap and emitted no valid timing, so the eight-thread configuration was not attempted.
  • The failure does not establish the exact requested workspace, host-wide exhaustion or an arithmetic defect, and no cap was raised or retry unbounded.
  • The machine was not idle; the fixture used a shared host.
  • The direct call is an arithmetic baseline and is not an end-to-end latency.
  • This is not a statistical or qualification result and no frozen-workload conclusion can be drawn from it.

The native arithmetic floor on this machine is about 162 to 165 ms for a 2048-square f32 multiplication, and a call that also snapshots the operands and fully validates the result costs about 214 to 218 ms. That is the floor any external execution path has to beat, and it is the number the runtime path is read against.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The same workload through the interception path and the dispatcher

I wanted to know what the interception and dispatch machinery costs on top of the native call, so I ran the identical workload both ways on my own machine.

Direct calls into the numeric library against the same calls routed through the automatic local dispatcher, plus a paired run with diagnostics.

The direct path took 208 to 219 ms and the dispatched path 201 to 220 ms, effectively the same, while the paired diagnostic run took 605 to 636 ms and the whole launcher about 2.64 s.

The dispatch machinery is close to free in absolute terms on this machine, and the session moved no network bytes at all because local execution opens no transport.

Two calls per configuration with no statistical significance, the traffic accounting covers eligible local calls only and a 40.9 MB setup download sits outside the counters, the provider archive is unsigned, and no remote worker or accelerator is represented anywhere in this measurement.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Direct native call, first219 ms
Direct native call, repeated208 ms
Dispatched call, first220 ms
Dispatched call, repeated201 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Direct native call, first219 ms
Direct native call, repeated208 ms
Dispatched call, first220 ms
Dispatched call, repeated201 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-win-native-rust-runtime
Original title
Runtime path and interception path for the same native workload on a personal Windows machine
Measurement boundary
The same frozen workload executed through the runtime and through the compiled C interception path on a personal Windows machine, with the native provider loaded and admitted, plus the traffic accounting for the session. The native C baseline is a separate cohort.
Hardware
A personal Windows 11 Pro machine, build 10.0.26200, with an Intel i7-8665U, 4 cores and 8 logical processors, 8,325,652,480 bytes of memory and Intel UHD Graphics 620. Available memory was limited and builds and benchmarks ran sequentially with one compiler job; existing user processes were left running.
Software
The same pinned official OpenBLAS 0.3.34 x64 LP64 dynamic library of 51,379,251 bytes, loaded through a validating provider that checks the image, locks file and ancestor directory identities against write, deletion and rename, restricts dependency search to the system directory and validates imports and loaded function ownership.
Input
The frozen 2048 by 2048 f32 operands with recorded input digests, alpha 1, beta 0, producing a fully materialised 16,777,216-byte output.
Samples
Two calls per configuration in single fresh child processes. The offline test suite run reported 145 passed and 0 failed with no ignored case; the interception unit suite reported 17 passed and 0 failed with 1 ignored child helper that the parent executes as a fail-stop child; the compiled C to interception to runtime to native library path reported 52 cases passed, of which 48 were intercepted and 4 were exactly-once original fallbacks.
Statistical method
Single recorded values per interval; no repeated-sample distribution.
Cold / warm state
One cold child per configuration performs provider admission, input generation and hashing, then the two calls. The repeated call is the only warm observation.
Network
No remote worker is contacted. The two-operation session recorded zero outbound and zero inbound object-stream bytes over 1,722,169 microseconds of active observation.
Serialization
The two-operation session recorded zero outbound and zero inbound object-stream bytes, zero reservations and zero remote transfers. The traffic budget assessment records the policy target of 100,000,000 decimal bytes per active hour, that a full active hour was not observed, and that a remote raw comparison was not measured.
Correctness checks
Both calls produced a full 16,777,216-byte output with a SHA-256 matching the independent C fixture exactly, and the runtime additionally checked 64 independent f64 scalar dot products per call. Publication preflights output pages and, once any publication write is attempted, a failure reports uncertainty rather than recomputing the scaled output term.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
release direct provider executor, first call219.018 ms1single recorded interval
release direct provider executor, repeated call207.832 ms1single recorded interval
release runtime automatic local dispatcher, first call219.958 ms1single recorded interval
release runtime automatic local dispatcher, repeated call201.334 ms1single recorded interval
release paired direct, runtime and diagnostic comparison, first call635.56 ms1single recorded interval
release paired direct, runtime and diagnostic comparison, repeated call604.621 ms1single recorded interval
provider admission and load297.008 ms1single recorded interval
input generation and full input hashing362.825 ms1single recorded interval
diagnostic whole workload, two-call paired comparison2382.333 ms1single recorded inner interval, excluding final publication and library drop
launcher wall2640 ms1approximate figure reported as about 2.640 seconds, including process, serialisation and unload overhead
runtime offline test suite, passed145 cases1145 passed with 0 failed and 0 ignored
runtime offline test suite, failed0 cases10 failed
interception native unit suite, passed17 cases117 passed with 0 failed
interception native unit suite, ignored1 cases1one ignored child helper, executed by the parent as a fail-stop child
compiled C to interception to runtime to native library cases, passed52 cases148 intercepted plus 4 exactly-once original fallbacks
object stream bytes observed over the two-operation session0 bytes1zero outbound and zero inbound bytes
active observation window for the traffic accounting1722.169 ms1a full active hour was not observed
traffic budget policy target100000000 bytes1decimal bytes per active hour
provider archive downloaded during setup, outside the operation counters40860061 bytes1engineering setup download

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSrelease runtime automatic local dispatcher, repeated call ÷ release paired direct, runtime and diagnostic comparison, repeated call = 0.33299207×200.30745% higher time for release paired direct, runtime and diagnostic comparison, repeated call.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSrelease runtime automatic local dispatcher, first call ÷ release runtime automatic local dispatcher, repeated call = 1.0925030×8.4670710% lower time for release runtime automatic local dispatcher, repeated call.

Experimental limitations

  • Two calls per configuration with no statistical qualification and no 30-block campaign.
  • The traffic accounting covers eligible local calls only and explicitly does not cover arbitrary application usage.
  • The installation traffic of a 40,860,061-byte provider archive was not captured and is outside the per-operation counters, so no claim of zero total session traffic is made.
  • The provider archive is unsigned and the library loader does not sandbox library initialisers.
  • A four-thread native configuration failed to allocate under a 512 MiB cap, so the observed shape of the threading cost is incomplete.
  • No remote worker, remote traffic or accelerator execution is represented.

Through the full runtime dispatcher the frozen workload takes about 202 to 220 ms per call, essentially the same as the independent native C baseline of about 214 to 218 ms, and the whole call including the paired direct and runtime comparison plus diagnostics takes about 605 to 636 ms. The overhead of routing through the runtime on this machine is therefore small in absolute terms. The session moved no network bytes at all, because eligible local execution opens no transport. None of this is an acceleration claim and none of it is a remote comparison.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

Moving objects to a Windows worker, and the three ways it refuses

I needed to know whether the object protocol actually works on Windows and whether it refuses the things it should, so I ran a live round trip and three deliberate violations.

A 4 KB object uploaded and fetched back, against a wrong key, a connection from outside the loopback interface, and an upload above the managed maximum.

The fetched bytes were identical to the upload and matched its digest, all three violations were refused with the expected error, and the wider Windows suite reported 43 cases passed and none failed.

The protocol round-trips correctly on Windows and fails closed in the three ways that matter for admission; it also uncovered a real portability bug, a hard-coded Unix random source that broke every Windows handshake until the operating system's cryptography path was used instead.

The live session used a 4 KB object and the larger-message path was proven elsewhere, reparse refusal was not exercised live because it needs administrative rights, adversarial access-control refusal was reviewed in code rather than tested black-box, and the Linux leg was not re-run live.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Live round-trip cases passed4 cases
Live round-trip cases failed0 cases
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-nw1-windows-object-roundtrip
Original title
Windows object-worker interoperability round trip and its negatives
Measurement boundary
A live Windows object-worker round trip: upload, fetch, digest comparison, and three negative paths covering a wrong key, a non-loopback connection and an upload above the managed maximum. A separate protocol defect found during the work is recorded in the same receipt.
Hardware
A Windows host running the native object worker with an enforced process memory envelope. The Linux leg is evidenced by an earlier qualification at the same source lineage and was not re-run live.
Software
A native Windows worker binary with the custody module supplying the 32-byte handshake nonce through the operating system cryptography interface on Windows and byte-identically from the system random source on Unix, with no change to the wire format.
Input
A single object of 512 f64 values, 4,096 bytes, uploaded and fetched back.
Samples
4 live round-trip cases. The full Windows suite reported 43 passed and 0 failed, comprising 37 library, 3 probe and 3 command-line tool cases.
Statistical method
Counts of passed and failed cases. No timing distribution is published.
Cold / warm state
Not recorded as a separate factor; the worker was started for the session.
Network
Loopback only. A non-loopback connection was rejected as a binding error.
Serialization
The uploaded object was 4,096 bytes; the fetched bytes and their digest matched the upload exactly.
Correctness checks
The fetched payload was byte-identical to the upload and its digest matched. A wrong key, a non-loopback connection and an oversized upload were each rejected with the expected binding or limit error.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
live round-trip cases passed4 cases44 passed and 0 failed
live round-trip cases failed0 cases40 failed
uploaded object size4096 bytes1512 f64 values
fetched object size4096 bytes1512 f64 values, byte-identical to the upload
full Windows suite passed43 cases4337 library, 3 probe and 3 command-line tool cases
full Windows suite failed0 cases430 failed
negative admission cases exercised3 cases3wrong key, non-loopback connection and oversized upload

Experimental limitations

  • The live session used a 4 KB object; the larger-message wire path was proven elsewhere rather than here.
  • Reparse rejection is implemented but was not live-exercised because it needs an administrative or developer-mode symbolic link.
  • Adversarial access-control rejection was code-reviewed rather than black-box tested.
  • The Linux leg is evidenced by earlier qualification and was not re-run live; platform differences are environmental only.
  • The Linux and Windows process-enclosure mechanisms are not equivalent and the receipt states that explicitly.
  • No timing, performance or accelerator claim is made.

The object protocol round-trips correctly on Windows and fails closed in the three ways that matter for admission: a wrong key, a connection from outside loopback and an oversized upload. The receipt also records a real portability defect found by this work, where a hard-coded Unix random source broke every Windows handshake until the operating system cryptography path was substituted.

Technical details and evidence

AutoCAD

Research article ↗
Performance

Running the same operation again a day later with a fresh build

A result that reproduces only once is a fluke, so I rebuilt the candidate and repeated the 16,384-crossing operation the next day to see whether the answer and the warm cost survived.

The cold call on 11 November against the warm call on the same day, with the warm call from the 10 November session beside them.

The output was byte-identical across both days and both builds, with the cold call at 3.16 s and the warm call at 58 ms on the later day against 89 ms on the earlier one.

The result reproduces across days and builds; the timing does not, so only the correctness carries over.

One sample per case with no repetition inside a session, and the two warm figures come from different days and different builds so their difference is not a controlled measure of drift; this is an engineering candidate rather than an installer.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Warm local call, 11 November57.7 ms
Warm local call, 10 November89.2 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Warm local call, 11 November57.7 ms
Warm local call, 10 November89.2 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-campus-nov11-cold-warm
Original title
Repeat measurement of the 16384-crossing operation on a later day
Measurement boundary
The same geometry operation repeated on a later day on a separately built non-test candidate adapter, measured at the geometry-call boundary. Establishes whether the produced result and the warm cost reproduce across days and builds.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded).
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; separately built non-test candidate adapter; Rust release build of the intersection primitive.
Input
Owned integer route pair, 128 routes, 16384 crossings.
Samples
3 call-boundary samples: cold 3163.7208 ms on 2026-11-11, warm 57.7135 ms on 2026-11-11, and warm 89.1877 ms on 2026-11-10 from the earlier session.
Statistical method
single sample per case; the two warm figures are one run each on different days with different builds
Cold / warm state
One cold sample and two warm samples; the cold sample is the first use of the snapshot in its session.
Network
None in this candidate; the computation is in process, so no worker and no tunnel were started.
Serialization
No transport; the result was written directly by the measurement harness.
Correctness checks
The 16384-point result digest was byte-identical across the 2026-11-10 and 2026-11-11 runs for both the cold and the warm case, so the produced array did not change between builds. The complete-operation figures for this run were 3233.5733 ms cold and 81.4891 ms warm.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
cold geometry call, 2026-11-113163.7208 ms1single sample
warm geometry call, 2026-11-1157.7135 ms1single sample
warm geometry call, 2026-11-1089.1877 ms1single sample

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSwarm geometry call, 2026-11-10 ÷ warm geometry call, 2026-11-11 = 1.5453525×35.289844% lower time for warm geometry call, 2026-11-11.

Experimental limitations

  • One sample per case; no repetition within a session.
  • The two warm figures come from different sessions on different days with different builds, so their difference is not a controlled measurement of drift.
  • The candidate still pins machine-specific paths and an owned fixture, loads unsigned and interactively, and has no hot unload or cancellation qualification.
  • This is an engineering candidate, not an installer and not a release.
  • The complete-operation figures for this run are recorded here as text rather than as rows because they belong to a different measurement boundary from the call-boundary rows.

The same geometry produced a byte-identical array on a later day with a different build, and the warm call cost was in the same range as before. That supports reproducibility of the result, not of the timing.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

Eight interface cases designed to break the external path

I wanted a correctness check that did not rely on timing at all, so I drove eight cases straight at the application interface, including ones I expected to fail.

A first pair, the same pair warm, a caller prefix, a duplicated prefix, a shifted operand creating endpoint contacts, reversed operands cold and warm, and a document create-and-close followed by a return.

All eight returned a clean status and compared equal to the application's own enumeration; two were answered by the local kernel with no native call and six were handed back to the application, which is exactly what I wanted the prefixed and shifted cases to do.

The interface boundary holds for the cases I tried, including the ones designed to break it, and what is still missing is lifecycle and error coverage rather than correctness in the cases exercised.

One run per case on one drawing of mine, every observed native status was zero so non-zero error handling is untested, and the reference implementation runs first, which makes the case timings unusable as performance evidence; the independent review still recommends no student release.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Differential cases executed8 cases
Cases answered by the local kernel2 cases
Cases handed back to the application6 cases
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-sdk-direct-qa-8-cases
Original title
Direct application-interface differential qualification, eight cases
Measurement boundary
Eight differential cases executed directly against the application interface: the first exact pair, the same pair warm, a caller prefix, a duplicated prefix, a shifted operand that creates endpoint contacts, reversed operands cold and warm, and a document create-and-close followed by a return. Each case compares the complete native enumeration and coordinates, not only digests. Covers routing correctness and cache invalidation; it is not a performance measurement and the case timings are explicitly not benchmark figures.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded).
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; test-build-only interface qualification command; Rust release build of the intersection primitive.
Input
Owned pinned 128-route fixture: 16384 intersections; the prefix cases returned 16385 and 16386 points; the shifted-operand case returned 18400 points.
Samples
8 cases, one run each.
Statistical method
count of cases by outcome
Cold / warm state
Mixed: the first, reversed and post-document cases were cold and required native qualification; the warm cases reused a qualified snapshot.
Network
None: the local kernel path was used, so no worker and no tunnel were started.
Serialization
Not applicable; no transport frames were produced on this path.
Correctness checks
All eight cases returned status 0 and compared the complete native enumeration and coordinates. The warm cases matched the native ordering with a maximum original-order difference of 1.8189894035458565e-12 against the 1.25e-11 budget. The prefix cases preserved the caller's prefix and delegated natively. The shifted-operand case was rejected by the local kernel and fell back natively with the original array and status preserved. Creating and closing another document invalidated the cache and forced fresh qualification.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
differential interface cases executed8 cases1count of cases
cases resolved by the local kernel with zero native calls2 cases1count of cases
cases delegated to the native implementation6 cases1count of cases
rust test suites passing in the same build74 cases1count of tests
native policy checks passing in the same build74 cases1count of checks

Experimental limitations

  • One run per case and one owned fixture; not representative student geometry.
  • All observed native statuses were 0, so preservation of nonzero native errors remains untested.
  • The differential oracle is the native implementation itself; it runs first and warms the kernel, so these case timings are not unbiased performance evidence.
  • Entity erase and recreate, address reuse, undo and redo, invalidation during an active computation, cancellation and third-party overrule interaction remain unqualified.
  • The qualification command exists only in a test build and its absence from ordinary builds was verified separately.
  • The recommendation in the independent review remains no student release.

The external path behaves correctly at the interface boundary for the cases that were tried, including the ones designed to break it: a non-empty prefix and an endpoint-contact geometry both fall back to native rather than producing an answer. The remaining gaps are lifecycle and error coverage, not the cases exercised here.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The same three paths measured only at the geometry call

I wanted to separate the cost of the geometry call itself from the cost of marshalling and writing the result, so I measured the call boundary on its own.

The same 128-route geometry operation timed at the call boundary only, for the native, local and remote paths.

The native call took 3.91 s, the local implementation 89 ms and the remote worker 1.01 s.

Both external paths beat the application by a wide margin at this boundary, but the remote advantage still comes from the implementation rather than from the network.

One native sample against three local and two remote, and excluding marshalling and output understates what a user waits for on the remote path; sessions were sequential and the student campus demonstration remains a no-go.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Native geometry call3.91 s
Local implementation, median0.0892 s
Remote execution, median1.01 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Native geometry call3.91 s
Local implementation, median89.2 ms
Remote execution, median1.01 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-campus-nov10-128-api
Original title
Matched geometry-call comparison, 16384 crossings
Measurement boundary
The same matched geometry operation measured at the call boundary only, excluding marshalling and file output. Reported separately from the complete-operation measurement because the two boundaries differ substantially for the remote path.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; local candidate adapter build with an in-process Rust primitive; frozen remote adapter build.
Input
Owned integer route pair, 128 routes, 16384 crossings.
Samples
Native: 1 sample. Local warm: 3 samples (60.773, 132.8728 and 89.1877 ms). Remote warm: 2 samples (1035.6564 and 984.7917 ms).
Statistical method
median of warm samples; native is a single sample
Cold / warm state
Warm for the local and remote medians.
Network
Local mode ran with no worker and no tunnel. Remote mode used an encrypted tunnel to the CPU node with a bounded local forwarding proxy that adds a small hop.
Serialization
The remote response used the compressed frame; the local path produced the result in process.
Correctness checks
The same full-array and integer-grid assertions as the complete-operation measurement, and the warm original-order difference stayed within 1.25e-11.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
native geometry call3906.9048 ms1single sample
local warm geometry call, median89.1877 ms3median of 3 samples
remote warm geometry call, median1010.22405 ms2median of 2 samples

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSnative geometry call ÷ local warm geometry call, median = 43.805422×97.717178% lower time for local warm geometry call, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal warm geometry call, median ÷ remote warm geometry call, median = 0.088285069×1032.6944% higher time for remote warm geometry call, median.

Experimental limitations

  • Native is a single sample while the local and remote medians rest on three and two samples.
  • The call boundary excludes automation marshalling and output writing, so it understates what a user waits for in the remote case.
  • Sequential sessions and synthetic fixed geometry.
  • The remote medians include the local forwarding hop.
  • The campus verdict for this work is NO-GO for a student campus demonstration; nothing here is a student-readiness statement.

At the call boundary both external paths are far faster than native, but the local candidate is far ahead of the remote path. The remote path's advantage over native comes from the algorithm and implementation, not from the network.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The full intersection operation measured three ways at 16,384 crossings

To judge the whole operation rather than one call inside it, I timed the complete task end to end, covering lookup, the geometry call, any transfer, marshalling and writing the output, for the native path, a local implementation and a remote worker.

The same geometry and control points through the application's automation interface, with one native sample, three local samples and two remote samples.

The native complete operation took 3.97 s, the local implementation 123 ms and the remote worker 1.04 s, so the local path was about 32 times faster than native and the remote about 3.8 times faster.

The gain comes from the implementation rather than from moving the work; placing it on a remote node makes it roughly eight times slower than doing it in process.

One native sample against three local and two remote samples in sequential, unrandomised sessions on synthetic fixed geometry; one of the three local samples was 1.21 s and I have kept it visible, and a student campus demonstration of this work remains a no-go.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Original implementation3.97 s
Local execution (warm)0.123 s
Remote execution (warm)1.04 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Original implementation3.97 s
Local execution (warm)123 ms
Remote execution (warm)1.04 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-campus-nov10-128-complete
Original title
Matched complete-operation comparison, 16384 crossings
Measurement boundary
Identical integer route geometry and control points, the same geometry operation through the application automation interface, an empty output prefix and full numerical arrays in the original native order. The complete timer covers entity lookup, the geometry call and any interception, qualification, execution and transfer where applicable, automation marshalling, byte conversion and binary file output. It excludes process startup, installation and account sign-in.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; local candidate adapter build with an in-process Rust primitive; frozen remote adapter build.
Input
Owned integer route pair, 128 routes, 16384 crossings.
Samples
Native complete operation: 1 sample. Local warm: 3 samples (82.7683, 1209.915 and 123.1285 ms complete). Remote warm: 2 samples (1067.1995 and 1012.2782 ms complete).
Statistical method
median of warm samples; native is a single sample
Cold / warm state
Warm for the local and remote medians. The cold first-use cost is recorded as a separate experiment and is not folded into these rows.
Network
Local mode ran with no worker and no tunnel. Remote mode used an encrypted tunnel to the CPU node with a bounded local forwarding proxy that adds a small hop.
Serialization
The remote response used the compressed frame; the local path produced the result in process.
Correctness checks
Full arrays, unique complete integer-grid sets and output digests were asserted. The warm original-order difference stayed at or below 1.25e-11, with the largest observed value 7.275957614183426e-12 in the larger case. Warm local returns and alternating pairs made zero native calls.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
native complete operation3970.8752 ms1single sample
local warm complete operation, median123.1285 ms3median of 3 samples
remote warm complete operation, median1039.73885 ms2median of 2 samples

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSnative complete operation ÷ local warm complete operation, median = 32.249846×96.899210% lower time for local warm complete operation, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal warm complete operation, median ÷ remote warm complete operation, median = 0.11842253×744.43395% higher time for remote warm complete operation, median.

Experimental limitations

  • Native is a single sample while the local and remote medians rest on three and two samples, so the comparison is indicative rather than statistically qualified.
  • Sessions were sequential, not randomised.
  • Synthetic fixed geometry precludes any general or student-performance statement.
  • The retained local outlier of 1209.915 ms complete is one of the three recorded local samples and is not hidden.
  • The remote adapter still used the older single-entry cache, and both warm medians compare already-qualified empty-prefix operations.
  • The campus verdict for this work is NO-GO for a student campus demonstration; nothing here is a student-readiness statement.

The local candidate is the fastest path measured for this workload by a wide margin and the remote path is second. The gain comes from the implementation, not from placement.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The call-boundary comparison at 65,536 crossings

I repeated the call-only measurement on the larger geometry to check the ordering again where the arithmetic is heavy.

The 256-route geometry operation at the call boundary, native against local against remote.

Native took 66 s, the local implementation 227 ms and the remote worker 799 ms, so the three paths are further apart than at the smaller size.

The local implementation carries the workload and the remote placement adds a large fixed cost on top of it.

One native sample against three each, sequential sessions, synthetic fixed geometry, the remote medians include a local forwarding hop, and the student campus demonstration remains a no-go.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Native geometry call66 s
Local implementation, median0.227 s
Remote execution, median0.799 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Native geometry call66 s
Local implementation, median227 ms
Remote execution, median799 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-campus-nov10-256-api
Original title
Matched geometry-call comparison, 65536 crossings
Measurement boundary
The larger fixture measured at the call boundary only, excluding marshalling and file output, using the same matched geometry and the same three paths as the 16384-crossing comparison.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; local candidate adapter build with an in-process Rust primitive; frozen remote adapter build.
Input
Owned integer route pair, 256 routes, 65536 crossings.
Samples
Native: 1 sample. Local warm: 3 samples (237.2181, 227.0093 and 130.3307 ms). Remote warm: 3 samples (990.1554, 799.2974 and 731.0696 ms).
Statistical method
median of warm samples; native is a single sample
Cold / warm state
Warm for the local and remote medians.
Network
Local mode ran with no worker and no tunnel. Remote mode used an encrypted tunnel to the CPU node with a bounded local forwarding proxy that adds a small hop.
Serialization
The remote response used the compressed frame; the local path produced the result in process.
Correctness checks
The same full-array and integer-grid assertions as the complete-operation measurement, and the warm original-order difference stayed within 1.25e-11.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
native geometry call66048.9191 ms1single sample
local warm geometry call, median227.0093 ms3median of 3 samples
remote warm geometry call, median799.2974 ms3median of 3 samples

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSnative geometry call ÷ local warm geometry call, median = 290.95248×99.656301% lower time for local warm geometry call, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal warm geometry call, median ÷ remote warm geometry call, median = 0.28401106×252.09897% higher time for remote warm geometry call, median.

Experimental limitations

  • Native is a single sample while the local and remote medians rest on three samples each.
  • The call boundary excludes automation marshalling and output writing, so it understates what a user waits for in the remote case.
  • Sequential sessions and synthetic fixed geometry.
  • The remote medians include the local forwarding hop.
  • The campus verdict for this work is NO-GO for a student campus demonstration; nothing here is a student-readiness statement.

The ordering is the same as at the smaller size and the separation between the three paths is wider. The external paths win against native because of the algorithm and implementation; the remote placement adds a large constant cost that local execution does not pay.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The same complete-operation comparison at 65,536 crossings

I repeated the complete-operation measurement on the larger geometry to see whether the ordering of the three paths held as the work grew.

Identical 256-route geometry through the same timer, with one native sample and three samples each for the local and remote paths.

Native took 66.1 s, the local implementation 297 ms and the remote worker 845 ms, so the local path was roughly 220 times faster than native, and the native sample here was slower than the 41.2 s recorded in an earlier session.

The gap widens with size and still comes from the algorithm and implementation, and the movement in the native figure between sessions is itself a warning.

One native sample against three each for the other paths, sequential sessions, synthetic fixed geometry, local samples spanning 191 to 322 ms, and the student campus demonstration remains a no-go.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Original implementation66.1 s
Local execution (warm)0.297 s
Remote execution (warm)0.845 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Original implementation66.1 s
Local execution (warm)297 ms
Remote execution (warm)845 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-campus-nov10-256-complete
Original title
Matched complete-operation comparison, 65536 crossings
Measurement boundary
The larger fixture measured with the same complete-operation timer as the 16384-crossing comparison: entity lookup, the geometry call and any interception, qualification, execution and transfer where applicable, automation marshalling, byte conversion and binary file output, excluding startup, installation and account sign-in.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; local candidate adapter build with an in-process Rust primitive; frozen remote adapter build.
Input
Owned integer route pair, 256 routes, 65536 crossings.
Samples
Native complete operation: 1 sample. Local warm: 3 samples (321.5011, 297.3346 and 190.6477 ms complete). Remote warm: 3 samples (1035.5508, 845.1547 and 775.9802 ms complete).
Statistical method
median of warm samples; native is a single sample
Cold / warm state
Warm for the local and remote medians. The cold first-use cost is recorded as a separate experiment and is not folded into these rows.
Network
Local mode ran with no worker and no tunnel. Remote mode used an encrypted tunnel to the CPU node with a bounded local forwarding proxy that adds a small hop.
Serialization
The remote response used the compressed frame; the local path produced the result in process.
Correctness checks
Full arrays, unique complete integer-grid sets and output digests were asserted. The warm original-order difference stayed at or below 1.25e-11, with the largest observed value 7.275957614183426e-12 for this case.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
native complete operation66117.2571 ms1single sample
local warm complete operation, median297.3346 ms3median of 3 samples
remote warm complete operation, median845.1547 ms3median of 3 samples

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSnative complete operation ÷ local warm complete operation, median = 222.36651×99.550292% lower time for local warm complete operation, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal warm complete operation, median ÷ remote warm complete operation, median = 0.35181086×184.24364% higher time for remote warm complete operation, median.

Experimental limitations

  • Native is a single sample while the local and remote medians rest on three samples each, so the comparison is indicative rather than statistically qualified.
  • Sessions were sequential, not randomised.
  • Synthetic fixed geometry precludes any general or student-performance statement.
  • The local warm range was 190.6477 to 321.5011 ms complete and is recorded rather than reduced to the median alone.
  • The remote adapter still used the older single-entry cache, and both warm medians compare already-qualified empty-prefix operations.
  • The campus verdict for this work is NO-GO for a student campus demonstration; nothing here is a student-readiness statement.

At the larger size the ordering is unchanged and the gap widens: the local candidate is the fastest path, the remote path is second and the native path is far behind both. The native single sample in this session was also substantially slower than the native baseline captured in an earlier session, which is itself a warning about session-to-session variation.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

What the first use of a drawing costs in each mode

Since the steady state looked good, I went back to the part a user notices first: the very first operation on a drawing, in both the local and the remote mode.

Four first-use complete operations, local and remote at each of the two geometry sizes.

First use cost 3.44 s locally against 4.94 s remotely at 16,384 crossings, and 57.6 s locally against 63.2 s remotely at 65,536 crossings.

The first use of an unseen drawing is still about a minute at the larger size in either mode, and that is what keeps this work from being ready for students.

One sample per case, the native figures move between sessions so the gap between the local and remote first-use numbers is not a controlled result, the application blocks with no cancellation available, and the student campus demonstration remains a no-go.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local implementation, 16384 crossings3.44 s
Remote execution, 16384 crossings4.94 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local implementation, 16384 crossings3.44 s
Remote execution, 16384 crossings4.94 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-campus-nov10-cold-qualification
Original title
First-use cost of a geometry snapshot in local and remote modes
Measurement boundary
The complete-operation cost of the first use of an exact geometry snapshot in local mode and in remote mode, where the application must establish the ordering and status semantics natively before a remote result can be accepted. Sessions were sequential and each figure is a single sample.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; local candidate adapter build with an in-process Rust primitive; frozen remote adapter build.
Input
Owned integer route pairs at 128 and 256 routes.
Samples
4 cold complete-operation samples: local 16384 at 3437.6661 ms, remote 16384 at 4938.6445 ms, local 65536 at 57597.9075 ms, remote 65536 at 63164.2667 ms.
Statistical method
single sample per case
Cold / warm state
Cold by definition: each case is the first use of that snapshot in its session, so the native qualification runs.
Network
Local mode ran with no worker and no tunnel. Remote mode used the encrypted tunnel and the bounded forwarding proxy.
Serialization
As in the matched comparison measurements.
Correctness checks
Every cold case produced the complete array with the native output and status preserved, with a maximum original-order difference of 0.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local cold complete operation, 16384 crossings3437.6661 ms1single sample
remote cold complete operation, 16384 crossings4938.6445 ms1single sample
local cold complete operation, 65536 crossings57597.9075 ms1single sample
remote cold complete operation, 65536 crossings63164.2667 ms1single sample

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal cold complete operation, 16384 crossings ÷ remote cold complete operation, 16384 crossings = 0.69607482×43.662716% higher time for remote cold complete operation, 16384 crossings.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal cold complete operation, 65536 crossings ÷ remote cold complete operation, 65536 crossings = 0.91187487×9.6641691% higher time for remote cold complete operation, 65536 crossings.

Experimental limitations

  • Single sample per case; these are not statistically qualified figures.
  • The native baselines for the same fixture vary between sessions, so the difference between the 65536-crossing local and remote cold figures is not a controlled result.
  • First-use latency blocks the application and cancellation is not qualified.
  • The earlier campaign's 65536-crossing remote first-use API time of 73265 ms is preserved separately and is not overwritten by these figures.
  • A session-only cache of exact orderings removes repeated native work when alternating between drawings, but it does not remove the first cost.
  • The campus verdict for this work is NO-GO for a student campus demonstration; nothing here is a student-readiness statement.

Session caching removes repeated native work when alternating between drawings, but the first use of an unseen drawing still costs about a minute at the larger size. That is the dominant usability problem and the main reason the verdict is negative.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The first time the application meets a drawing it must compute it itself

I had to understand what a user actually waits for the first time they touch a drawing, because that turned out to matter more than the steady state.

Four first-use operations on the 128- and 256-route geometry sets, plus a shifted-operand and a reversed-operand case, timed at the API boundary and across the export.

Each first use ran natively before any remote answer could be accepted: 9.61 s at the API for 16,384 crossings and 73.3 s for 65,536, with full exports of 13.0 s and 153.0 s.

The first operation on a drawing is still the application's own work, and that is the dominant usability problem rather than the remote return.

One sample per case, and the reversed-operand case ran natively without ever producing a remote answer in that run; the application blocks while this happens and cancellation is not supported.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
API time, 16384 crossings, first use9.61 s
API time, 65536 crossings, first use73.3 s
API time, shifted operands, first use5.67 s
API time, reversed operands, first use8.7 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
API time, 16384 crossings, first use9.61 s
API time, 65536 crossings, first use73.3 s
API time, shifted operands, first use5.67 s
API time, reversed operands, first use8.7 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-intersection-live-nov10-cold-qualification
Original title
Live intersection consumption: native qualification of a first-seen snapshot
Measurement boundary
The first use of an exact geometry snapshot still requires the application to compute the answer natively once, to establish the ordering and status semantics that a remote result must reproduce. These are the qualification operations and they dominate the cost of the first use of a drawing.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; the owner-approved intersection adapter build; Rust release build of the intersection primitive and its bridge.
Input
Owned integer orthogonal route fixture at 128 and 256 routes, plus a translated-operand case and a reversed-operand case.
Samples
4 qualification operations, one per case.
Statistical method
single sample per case
Cold / warm state
Cold: each of these is a first-seen snapshot or a changed operand set, so the native path runs first.
Network
Encrypted tunnel to the CPU node. Where a remote computation was attempted it returned, for example 22491 microseconds for the 65536-crossing qualification.
Serialization
Compressed response frames 24555 and 55545 bytes for the two fixture sizes.
Correctness checks
Each qualification preserved the native output and status exactly, with a maximum original-order difference of 0, and established the ordering that later remote returns had to follow.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
API time, 16384-crossing first qualification9610 ms1single sample
full export time, 16384-crossing first qualification13016 ms1single sample
API time, 65536-crossing first qualification73265 ms1single sample
full export time, 65536-crossing first qualification153047 ms1single sample
API time, translated-operand first qualification5672 ms1single sample
full export time, translated-operand first qualification8156 ms1single sample
API time, reversed-operand case requalified natively8703 ms1single sample
full export time, reversed-operand case requalified natively11234 ms1single sample

Experimental limitations

  • Single sample per case.
  • These are the cases that determine first-use latency and are not the steady-state case; they must not be reported as the operation's typical cost.
  • The reversed-operand case qualified natively but did not obtain a zero-native remote return in this run.
  • The 65536-crossing qualification is the slowest single operation measured in this campaign.
  • First-use latency is unqualified for cancellation: the application blocks while the native qualification runs.
  • A session-only cache of exact orderings removes repeated native work when alternating between drawings, but it does not remove the first cost.

The cost that matters to a user is the first operation on a drawing, and that first operation is still native work. This, not the steady-state remote return, is the dominant usability problem.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

When the remote exchange fails, AutoCAD still answers

I wanted the failure path on the record rather than averaged away, so I recorded three cases where the exchange broke and the application had to do the work itself.

One deliberately stopped worker and two unexplained client-side failures, each timed at the API boundary and across the full export.

All three returned the correct native array and status with no cached remote result substituted, at 15.2 s, 14.8 s and 64.1 s of API time.

The fallback is safe but expensive, and two of the three failures still have no established cause, which is the main reliability gap I have not closed.

One sample per case, and the recorded evidence cannot distinguish a network read failure from a validation failure from an overall deadline; the timings include the native work that followed.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
API time, stopped worker, 65536 crossings64.1 s
API time, failed exchange, 16384 crossings15.2 s
API time, failed exchange, reversed operands14.8 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-intersection-live-nov10-fallback-native
Original title
Live intersection consumption: native fallback when the exchange fails
Measurement boundary
Cases where the remote exchange failed or timed out and the application computed the answer natively instead. One case is a deliberately stopped worker; two are unexplained client-side failures. Recorded so that the failure behaviour stays visible instead of being averaged away.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; the owner-approved intersection adapter build; Rust release build of the intersection primitive and its bridge.
Input
Owned integer orthogonal route fixture at 128 and 256 routes.
Samples
3 fallback operations, one per case.
Statistical method
single sample per case
Cold / warm state
Warm for the two failed exchanges; the stopped-worker case followed an already qualified snapshot.
Network
Encrypted tunnel to the CPU node. For the two unexplained failures the worker computed the answer successfully in 5685 and 4147 microseconds and logged the response send, yet the client failed; the exact failing stage was not recorded.
Serialization
Request 8226 and 16418 bytes; compressed response frames 24555 and 55545 bytes where a response was produced.
Correctness checks
Every fallback returned the correct native array and status, with no cached remote result substituted. The stopped-worker case returned the full 65536-point array with status 0.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
API time, stopped-worker fallback, 65536 crossings64110 ms1single sample
full export time, stopped-worker fallback125281 ms1single sample
API time, failed exchange, 16384 crossings15156 ms1single sample
full export time, failed exchange, 16384 crossings18219 ms1single sample
API time, failed exchange, reversed operands14844 ms1single sample
full export time, failed exchange, reversed operands17422 ms1single sample

Experimental limitations

  • Single sample per case.
  • The two unexplained failures have no proven root cause and are not claimed to be fixed: the recorded evidence cannot distinguish a network read failure from a validation failure from an end-to-end deadline.
  • The hook time in these cases includes the eventual native work and so cannot isolate the failing stage.
  • Native fallback is correct but far slower than the remote path it replaces.
  • The case names in the original receipt are optimistic for the two failed exchanges and must not be quoted as qualification successes.

The failure path is safe but expensive, and two of the three recorded failures remain unexplained. That unresolved reliability gap, together with the first-use cost, is the main obstacle to treating the external path as ready.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

AutoCAD consuming a remotely computed intersection array

The real question was whether the application would accept a whole intersection result computed elsewhere and use it, so I let the remote worker answer the application's own geometry call.

Three live returns on the 16,384-crossing route geometry, including one with both operands shifted by a unit and a repeat of that case, timed at the API boundary and again across the full export.

The application consumed the remote arrays with no native call, the largest difference against the native enumeration being 1.8e-12, while the API call took 672 to 2.06 s and the export 2,016 to 3.28 s.

Correctness here is strong, checked against an independent exact integer grid; the open problems are latency and the cost of writing the result out.

One sample per case, synthetic route geometry, and the path exercised was the automation interface of the geometry operation rather than an ordinary interactive command; the native figures come from a different session.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
API time, warm return2.06 s
API time, shifted operands0.672 s
API time, repeated return2 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
API time, warm return2.06 s
API time, shifted operands672 ms
API time, repeated return2 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-intersection-live-nov10-warm-128
Original title
Live intersection consumption, warm 16384-crossing returns
Measurement boundary
The application's own intersection operation returned arrays computed by the remote worker through the official geometry overrule, and the application consumed them with zero native calls. API time and full export time are reported as separate rows because they are different boundaries: the API time is the geometry call, while the export time additionally includes enumerating, formatting and writing the result.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; the owner-approved intersection adapter build; Rust release build of the intersection primitive and its bridge.
Input
Owned integer orthogonal route fixture, 128 routes (16384 crossings), plus a case with both operands translated by one unit and a repeated return of the translated case.
Samples
3 live remote returns, one per case.
Statistical method
single sample per case
Cold / warm state
Warm: the exact snapshot had already been qualified natively, so these returns used no native call.
Network
Encrypted tunnel to the CPU node; remote worker compute was 5315, 4733 and 4885 microseconds. The transport proxy logged request receipt, upstream connection and send, response header and body, and forwarding, with no credential logging.
Serialization
Compressed response frame 24555 bytes for the 16384-crossing case against a 262179-byte uncompressed payload.
Correctness checks
Returned arrays matched the original native enumeration and coordinates within the unchanged 1.25e-11 budget, and the maximum original-order difference was 1.8189894035458565e-12 for these returns. An independent exact integer grid verified the complete sets, not only digests.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
API time, warm return2063 ms1single sample
full export time, warm return2938 ms1single sample
API time, translated-operand warm return672 ms1single sample
full export time, translated-operand warm return2016 ms1single sample
API time, repeated warm return2000 ms1single sample
full export time, repeated warm return3281 ms1single sample

Experimental limitations

  • Single sample per case.
  • Synthetic owned route geometry, not a representative student drawing.
  • The path exercised was the automation interface of the geometry operation, not an ordinary interactive command.
  • Export totals are dominated by enumeration, formatting and disk output and are not interactive-command timings.
  • The native baselines for the same fixture come from a different session and are not a matched pair with these returns.
  • Translated operands forced a fresh native qualification before the remote returns could be accepted.

The host accepted remotely computed intersection arrays and consumed them without computing them natively. The correctness is strong; latency and export overhead are the open problems.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The same remote acceptance at 65,536 crossings, including a recovery

I wanted to check that a remote answer still worked when the result was large, and that the path came back after the worker was stopped, so I ran the bigger geometry twice.

Two live returns on the 256-route geometry, one normal and one taken after the remote worker had been stopped and restored.

Both returns matched the native enumeration to within 7.3e-12 with no native call, and the second worked immediately after the worker was restored, though the export cost rose to 28.6 s and 32.5 s.

Large results are accepted as cleanly as small ones, and what remains expensive is transport and formatting the output rather than the intersection itself.

One sample per case, synthetic geometry, the automation interface rather than an interactive command, and the native comparison came from a separate session.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
API time, warm return2.27 s
API time, after worker recovery1.47 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
API time, warm return2.27 s
API time, after worker recovery1.47 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-intersection-live-nov10-warm-256
Original title
Live intersection consumption, warm 65536-crossing returns and worker recovery
Measurement boundary
The same live geometry-overrule path with the larger fixture. The second case follows a stopped remote worker and shows the remote path resuming after recovery. API and export times are separate boundaries and are not compared with each other.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; the owner-approved intersection adapter build; Rust release build of the intersection primitive and its bridge.
Input
Owned integer orthogonal route fixture, 256 routes (65536 crossings).
Samples
2 live remote returns, one per case.
Statistical method
single sample per case
Cold / warm state
Warm for both returns; the recovered case reused the qualification established before the worker was stopped.
Network
Encrypted tunnel to the CPU node; remote worker compute was 22579 and 23356 microseconds.
Serialization
Compressed response frame 55545 bytes for the 65536-crossing case against a 1048611-byte uncompressed payload.
Correctness checks
Both returns matched the native enumeration within 1.25e-11 with a maximum original-order difference of 7.30437932361383e-12, and no native call was made on either return.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
API time, warm return2266 ms1single sample
full export time, warm return28625 ms1single sample
API time, return after worker recovery1469 ms1single sample
full export time, return after worker recovery32484 ms1single sample

Experimental limitations

  • Single sample per case.
  • Synthetic owned route geometry, not a student drawing.
  • Not an ordinary interactive command path.
  • Export totals include enumeration, formatting and disk output.
  • The native baseline for this fixture comes from a different session and is not a matched pair with these returns.

The larger case behaves like the smaller one: the application consumes a remote array without a native call, and the remote path resumes after the worker is restored. The remaining cost is transport and output formatting, not computation.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

What AutoCAD alone costs for the same intersections

I needed a native figure to read the remote path against, so I ran the application's own intersection operation separately and recorded its internal timing and its export timing.

Native only, at 16,384 and at 65,536 crossings, with the API call, the full export and the overall wall time measured apart from one another.

At 16,384 crossings the API call took 2.95 s and the full export 4.55 s; at 65,536 crossings the API call took 41.2 s and the export 90.7 s.

The native cost is large and it moves between sessions on the same machine, so any speed statement has to name which native figure it is being read against.

A single run per size, reported in coarse millisecond steps, taken in a different session from the live remote run so the two are not a matched pair; the same 65,536-crossing native call later recorded 66 s.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Native API time, 16384 crossings2.95 s
Native API time, 65536 crossings41.2 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Native API time, 16384 crossings2.95 s
Native API time, 65536 crossings41.2 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-intersection-native-baseline-r1
Original title
Native intersection baseline captured in a separate session
Measurement boundary
The application's own intersection computation run natively on the owned route fixture in its own session, before the matched live consumption run. Recorded separately so that the native cost is never attributed to the matched run: the two are different sessions, and the live run's first operation still had to qualify natively.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded).
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0 (R24.0 branch).
Input
Owned integer orthogonal route fixture at 128 routes (16384 crossings) and 256 routes (65536 crossings).
Samples
One native run per fixture size.
Statistical method
single run per size
Cold / warm state
Cold in the sense that the native path needs no qualification, but this is a standalone native execution and not the first operation of the later run.
Network
None; native local execution only.
Serialization
Not applicable.
Correctness checks
The captured arrays were the reference against which the later remote results were compared within the 1.25e-11 budget.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
native API time, 16384 crossings2953 ms1single run
native full export, 16384 crossings4546 ms1single run
native send-and-idle wall, 16384 crossings4596.5722 ms1single run
native API time, 65536 crossings41219 ms1single run
native full export, 65536 crossings90703 ms1single run
native send-and-idle wall, 65536 crossings90743.6336 ms1single run

Experimental limitations

  • Single run per size.
  • The application reports API time in quantised milliseconds; the send-and-idle wall time additionally includes command dispatch.
  • These baselines come from a different session than the matched live run and must not be presented as a matched pair with it.
  • Host CPU model not recorded, and the native cost varies between sessions on the same host: the 65536-crossing native API time was recorded as 41219 ms here and as 66048.9191 ms in a later campus session.

The native cost of the intersection workload is large and varies between sessions on the same host. Any speed statement must name which native measurement it is compared against, because the choice changes the result materially.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

What is and is not ready for a student release

I wanted to state honestly how close this work is to being usable on a student's own machine, so I checked the four conditions that have to hold first.

The four conditions, a verified student install, a clean install on a second Windows machine, representative student drawings and a working portal link into the geometry path, against what actually exists.

None of the four is satisfied: zero student installs, zero verified second machines, zero qualified student drawing workloads, and the existing installer packages the control application and a numeric library but not the geometry component, so loading it stays a manual step.

The account and control half of the journey works and is signed in on one machine; the geometry half has no installer, no automatic loading and no representative student data, and calling this a student capability would misdescribe it.

The pilot application installs, launches and reconnects and keeps its encrypted credentials across an upgrade, but no second Windows machine or campus device access was established, and the campus demonstration verdict stays negative.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Readiness conditions met0 cases
Student installs verified0 cases
Second machines with a clean install0 cases
Student drawing workloads qualified0 cases
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-student-installer-readiness
Original title
Student installation and deployment readiness status
Measurement boundary
A readiness count taken from the installed-workflow reconnaissance and the independent review, covering the four conditions that must hold before an external geometry path could be offered to students. This cohort records what is qualified and what is not; it contains no timing.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded). No second Windows machine and no campus device access was established.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; a signed-in pilot desktop control plane with a device account and credential encryption, but no geometry payload.
Input
Existing pilot desktop installation and account enrollment; a candidate geometry adapter that still pins machine-specific paths and one owned fixture.
Samples
4 readiness conditions, each recorded as qualified or not qualified.
Statistical method
count of qualified conditions
Cold / warm state
Not applicable.
Network
The control plane's portal and device endpoints answered healthy during reconnaissance, but this is not a full authenticated journey and does not qualify a geometry data plane.
Serialization
Not applicable.
Correctness checks
The existing pilot installation was preserved and its encrypted credential survived an upgrade; the pilot application was verified to install, launch and reconnect automatically. None of this concerns the geometry path.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
readiness conditions qualified0 cases1count of qualified conditions
student installations verified0 cases1count of installations
second Windows machines with a verified clean install0 cases1count of machines
representative student drawing workloads qualified0 cases1count of workloads
pilot desktop control-plane install and reconnect receipts2 cases1count of receipts

Experimental limitations

  • The existing installer packages the pilot executable and an optional numerical library, but not the geometry adapter, its runtime or any application registration, so an installed control-plane state is not a geometry-ready state.
  • No geometry-bearing installer exists and no automatic or approved loading path is implemented; loading remains operator-mediated.
  • Student installation verified: not recorded as complete.
  • Second Windows machine clean install verified: not recorded as complete.
  • Representative student drawing workloads verified: not recorded as complete.
  • Portal connection integrated with the geometry path verified: not recorded as complete.
  • The campus verdict for this work is NO-GO for a student campus demonstration.
  • Credentials for the operator's remote shell must never be bundled into an installer and were not.

The control-plane half of the journey exists and is signed in on one machine. The geometry half has no installer, no automatic loading, no representative student data and no second machine. Publishing this as a student capability would misdescribe the state of the work.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Compressing the intersection reply and repeating the whole test

The first remote runs sent the entire answer as plain bytes, so I asked whether a lossless compressed reply would cut enough of the transfer to change the result.

I ran the 16,384-crossing case again as a separate second run with a compressed response frame, three repeats locally and three remotely.

The remote bridge fell from 3.19 s to 857 ms while the decoded payload and the numerical answer stayed identical, and the local bridge moved slightly too, from 7.6 ms to 9.4 ms.

Compression helps a great deal on the wire, but the effect is entangled with ordinary run-to-run variation, so I do not present it as a clean isolated saving.

This is a separate run from the uncompressed one and the two must stay separate, the measurement is bridge wall time only with no application running, and there were three repeats per placement.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, median9.4 ms
Remote execution, median857 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, median9.4 ms
Remote execution, median857 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-intersection-bridge-compressed-r2-128
Original title
Captured-array intersection bridge, lossless-compressed run r2, 16384 crossings
Measurement boundary
The same captured-array measurement as the uncompressed run, repeated in a separate second run with a lossless compressed response encoding. Bridge wall time only; excludes host capture, native qualification and result installation.
Hardware
Windows workstation for the local placement (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1 for the remote placement.
Software
Rust release build of the intersection primitive and its bridge with the compressed response codec; arrays captured earlier from AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0.
Input
128 owned integer orthogonal route pairs producing 16384 intersection points; request payload 8226 bytes.
Samples
3 repeats per placement. Local bridge wall 9.9361, 9.2408 and 9.4044 ms. Remote bridge wall 856.7324, 1703.9614 and 819.2004 ms.
Statistical method
median of 3 repeats
Cold / warm state
Warm: the same captured array and worker session were reused.
Network
Remote placement used an encrypted tunnel to the CPU node, where the worker spent a median 5.330 ms; the local placement worker spent a median 2.713 ms.
Serialization
Compressed run: request 8226 bytes, compressed response frame 24555 bytes, uncompressed response payload 262179 bytes and decoded payload 262169 bytes. The frame digest is recorded and matches the uncompressed run's payload digest.
Correctness checks
Maximum per-point difference against the captured native array was 1.8190449138500806e-12 against a 1.25e-11 comparison budget, identical to the uncompressed run. The response digest was identical for local and remote placement and identical to the uncompressed run.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
equivalent local rust bridge, median wall9.4044 ms3median of 3 samples
remote bridge over encrypted tunnel, median wall856.7324 ms3median of 3 samples

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSequivalent local rust bridge, median wall ÷ remote bridge over encrypted tunnel, median wall = 0.010977057×9009.9103% higher time for remote bridge over encrypted tunnel, median wall.

Experimental limitations

  • Bridge wall time only; excludes host capture, native qualification and result installation.
  • No application process was running.
  • Synthetic owned integer geometry, not a student drawing.
  • 3 repeats per placement, sequential, on one workstation and one remote node.
  • Workstation CPU model not recorded.
  • This is a separate run from the uncompressed one and the two must be quoted as distinct runs, not merged.

Compressing the response shortened the remote bridge wall substantially while the decoded payload and the numerical result stayed identical. The local bridge also moved slightly, so the compression effect is visible on the remote path and not cleanly isolated from run-to-run variation.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The compressed reply at the larger crossing count

I wanted to know whether the compressed path still beat the uncompressed one once the answer grew to 65,536 points.

The 256-route case with the compressed reply, three repeats in the local bridge and three through the encrypted tunnel.

Local took 34.7 ms and remote 1.24 s, still roughly 36 times slower, while the compressed frame carried 55,545 bytes instead of a 1,048,611-byte payload.

Compression narrows the remote path considerably but cannot close a gap this large, because what remains is transfer and turn-around rather than arithmetic.

Bridge wall time only with no application consuming the result, a separate second run from the uncompressed measurement, synthetic geometry and three repeats per placement.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, median0.0347 s
Remote execution, median1.24 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, median34.7 ms
Remote execution, median1.24 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-intersection-bridge-compressed-r2-256
Original title
Captured-array intersection bridge, lossless-compressed run r2, 65536 crossings
Measurement boundary
The larger captured-array case of the compressed bridge run, a separate second run from the uncompressed measurement. Bridge wall time only; excludes host capture, native qualification and result installation.
Hardware
Windows workstation for the local placement (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1 for the remote placement.
Software
Rust release build of the intersection primitive and its bridge with the compressed response codec; arrays captured earlier from AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0.
Input
256 owned integer orthogonal route pairs producing 65536 intersection points; request payload 16418 bytes.
Samples
3 repeats per placement. Local bridge wall 49.9515, 34.5341 and 34.7191 ms. Remote bridge wall 1243.5812, 1179.1173 and 1376.5190 ms.
Statistical method
median of 3 repeats
Cold / warm state
Warm: the same captured array and worker session were reused.
Network
Remote placement used an encrypted tunnel to the CPU node, where the worker spent a median 21.299 ms; the local placement worker spent a median 11.303 ms.
Serialization
Compressed run: request 16418 bytes, compressed response frame 55545 bytes, uncompressed response payload 1048611 bytes and decoded payload 1048601 bytes. The frame digest is recorded and matches the uncompressed run's payload digest.
Correctness checks
Maximum per-point difference against the captured native array was 7.30437932361383e-12 against a 1.25e-11 comparison budget, identical to the uncompressed run. The response digest was identical for local and remote placement and identical to the uncompressed run.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
equivalent local rust bridge, median wall34.7191 ms3median of 3 samples
remote bridge over encrypted tunnel, median wall1243.5812 ms3median of 3 samples

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSequivalent local rust bridge, median wall ÷ remote bridge over encrypted tunnel, median wall = 0.027918643×3481.8359% higher time for remote bridge over encrypted tunnel, median wall.

Experimental limitations

  • Bridge wall time only; excludes host capture, native qualification and result installation.
  • No application process was running.
  • Synthetic owned integer geometry, not a student drawing.
  • 3 repeats per placement, sequential, on one workstation and one remote node.
  • Workstation CPU model not recorded.
  • This is a separate run from the uncompressed one and the two must be quoted as distinct runs, not merged.

At the larger size the compressed remote path remains far behind the equivalent local computation. The compressed and uncompressed runs are two separate historical runs and are reported separately rather than averaged.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

What the bridge does when the answer cannot be trusted

A fast path is worthless if a damaged reply can be published, so I deliberately broke the response in nine different ways and checked that the bridge refuses to hand anything back.

I injected a wrong response identity, a missing point, a wrong point, a truncated reply, an oversized frame, an oversized expansion, a deadline overrun and a disconnected transport, plus one good control, and then stopped the remote worker outright.

Every damaged case returned a refusal between 1.3 ms and 116 ms with the caller's output buffer untouched, and the stopped worker produced a refusal after 311 ms rather than a fabricated or cached answer.

Failing closed quickly is the property that lets a native fallback be trusted, so I measured it instead of assuming it.

This exercises the bridge boundary alone with no application running, one run per case, so it says nothing about how often real drawings would be refused; the deadline case is the bridge's own timer rather than an application-level cancellation guarantee.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
injected: well-formed positive control4.39 ms
injected: wrong response identity1.77 ms
injected: missing point4.66 ms
injected: wrong point4.77 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-intersection-bridge-failure-handling
Original title
Bridge fail-closed behaviour: nine injected fault cases and a stopped remote worker
Measurement boundary
Deliberately corrupted, truncated, oversized, misidentified and deadlined responses were injected at the bridge boundary, and a separate run stopped the remote worker outright. Confirms that a failure never publishes a wrong or partial result and never mutates the caller's output buffer. Bridge boundary only: it is not an application-level native-fallback test and not a live-consumption test.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores and 31331228 KiB available memory running Ubuntu 26.04.1 for the stopped-worker case.
Software
Rust release build of the intersection bridge with the compressed response codec.
Input
A captured 16384-crossing array (request 8226 bytes); eight malformed responses derived from it plus one well-formed control, and one run with the worker stopped.
Samples
Nine injected cases, one run each, plus one stopped-worker run.
Statistical method
single run per case
Cold / warm state
Warm: the same bridge session and the same pinned bridge binary were used for every case.
Network
The eight malformed responses were injected at the bridge boundary; the stopped-worker case used the remote placement over the encrypted tunnel.
Serialization
The pinned bridge binary digest and the response frame digests are recorded with the case matrix; the compressed frames are 24555 bytes for 16384 crossings and 55545 bytes for 65536 crossings.
Correctness checks
All eight injected failure cases returned status 2 with the output buffer untouched, and the well-formed positive control returned status 0 in 4.3912 ms. The stopped-worker case returned status 2 in 310.8613 ms with the failure output untouched, publishing no remote result and substituting no cached result.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
injected: well-formed positive control4.3912 ms1single run
injected: wrong response identity1.7716 ms1single run
injected: missing point4.6635 ms1single run
injected: wrong point4.7661 ms1single run
injected: truncated response2.6091 ms1single run
injected: oversized frame1.4088 ms1single run
injected: oversized expansion1.4524 ms1single run
injected: absolute deadline116.2836 ms1single run
injected: disconnected transport1.2906 ms1single run
stopped remote worker, real disconnect310.8613 ms1single run

Experimental limitations

  • Bridge-level only; no application process was running.
  • One run per case.
  • The deadline case exercises the bridge's own absolute deadline and is not an application-level cancellation guarantee.
  • The stopped-worker case is a single run and does not establish a failure rate.
  • The native API baseline for the same fixture was captured separately and is not a matched pair with these runs.

The bridge refuses to publish anything it cannot validate. Failing closed quickly and without touching the output is the precondition that lets a host-side native fallback be trusted, and it is measured here rather than asserted.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Sending captured intersection arrays to a remote worker

I wanted to know whether pushing geometry out to a remote CPU node could ever beat computing it on the machine that already holds the drawing, so I captured arrays from AutoCAD and ran the same intersection routine in two places.

I sent 128 route pairs producing 16,384 crossings through the local bridge and again over an encrypted tunnel to the remote node, three repeats each, with the plain uncompressed reply.

The local bridge took a median of 7.57 ms and the remote bridge 3.19 s, about 420 times longer, even though the worker itself only spent 5.5 ms computing.

Most of the remote delay was outside the worker’s arithmetic. Sending the same routine elsewhere did not help this workload.

This is bridge wall time only, with no application running to consume the answer, on synthetic geometry, with three repeats per placement and no recorded processor model.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, median0.00757 s
Remote execution, median3.19 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, median7.57 ms
Remote execution, median3.19 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-intersection-bridge-uncompressed-r1-128
Original title
Captured-array intersection bridge, uncompressed run r1, 16384 crossings
Measurement boundary
Arrays actually captured from the application were handed to a new opt-in Rust bridge and transported to a CPU worker. Measures bridge wall time only. Excludes host capture, native qualification and result installation, so it is neither an end-to-end application speed measurement nor proof that the application consumed a remote result.
Hardware
Windows workstation for the local placement (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1 for the remote placement.
Software
Rust release build of the intersection primitive and its bridge; the arrays were captured earlier from AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0.
Input
128 owned integer orthogonal route pairs producing 16384 intersection points; request payload 8226 bytes.
Samples
3 repeats per placement. Local bridge wall 9.3496, 7.5732 and 7.3365 ms. Remote bridge wall 4184.3715, 2049.9590 and 3193.4464 ms.
Statistical method
median of 3 repeats
Cold / warm state
Warm: the same captured array and the same worker session were reused, so no cold qualification cost is included.
Network
Remote placement used an encrypted tunnel to the CPU node, where the worker spent a median 5.499 ms. Local placement ran the same worker code in process with no socket.
Serialization
Uncompressed run: request 8226 bytes and response 262179 bytes, with an identical response digest across all six repeats of both placements.
Correctness checks
Maximum per-point difference against the captured native array was 1.8190449138500806e-12 against a 1.25e-11 comparison budget. The response digest was identical for the local and the remote placement.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
equivalent local rust bridge, median wall7.5732 ms3median of 3 samples
remote bridge over encrypted tunnel, median wall3193.4464 ms3median of 3 samples

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSequivalent local rust bridge, median wall ÷ remote bridge over encrypted tunnel, median wall = 0.0023714818×42067.728% higher time for remote bridge over encrypted tunnel, median wall.

Experimental limitations

  • Bridge wall time only; excludes host capture, native qualification and result installation.
  • No application process was running; this run did not measure host consumption.
  • Synthetic owned integer geometry, not a student drawing.
  • 3 repeats per placement, sequential, on one workstation and one remote node.
  • Workstation CPU model not recorded.
  • The native API cost of the same fixture was captured separately and is not a matched pair with this run.

The remote path is far slower than the equivalent local computation of the same arrays, while the application's own native call for the same fixture was recorded separately as 2703 ms. The gain in this workload comes from the implementation, not from relocating the work.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The same uncompressed bridge test at four times the crossings

I repeated the uncompressed captured-array test on the larger geometry set to see whether the ordering of local and remote would survive a fourfold increase in work.

Two hundred and fifty-six route pairs produced 65,536 crossings, sent through the local bridge and over the encrypted tunnel, three repeats each.

Local stayed ahead at 29.9 ms against 4.85 s on the remote path, and the gap widened rather than narrowed.

Increasing the work did not change which path was faster. Local execution remained the useful baseline.

Bridge wall time only with no application consuming the result, synthetic integer geometry, three repeats per placement, and the native cost of the same geometry was recorded in a different session.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, median0.0299 s
Remote execution, median4.85 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, median29.9 ms
Remote execution, median4.85 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-intersection-bridge-uncompressed-r1-256
Original title
Captured-array intersection bridge, uncompressed run r1, 65536 crossings
Measurement boundary
The larger captured-array case of the same uncompressed bridge run. Bridge wall time only; excludes host capture, native qualification and result installation.
Hardware
Windows workstation for the local placement (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1 for the remote placement.
Software
Rust release build of the intersection primitive and its bridge; arrays captured earlier from AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0.
Input
256 owned integer orthogonal route pairs producing 65536 intersection points; request payload 16418 bytes.
Samples
3 repeats per placement. Local bridge wall 32.0563, 29.8997 and 29.6041 ms. Remote bridge wall 6785.4213, 3291.7662 and 4851.7924 ms.
Statistical method
median of 3 repeats
Cold / warm state
Warm: the same captured array and worker session were reused.
Network
Remote placement used an encrypted tunnel to the CPU node, where the worker spent a median 20.254 ms. Local placement ran the same worker code in process.
Serialization
Uncompressed run: request 16418 bytes and response 1048611 bytes, with an identical response digest across all six repeats of both placements.
Correctness checks
Maximum per-point difference against the captured native array was 7.30437932361383e-12 against a 1.25e-11 comparison budget. The response digest was identical for the local and the remote placement.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
equivalent local rust bridge, median wall29.8997 ms3median of 3 samples
remote bridge over encrypted tunnel, median wall4851.7924 ms3median of 3 samples

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSequivalent local rust bridge, median wall ÷ remote bridge over encrypted tunnel, median wall = 0.0061626091×16126.893% higher time for remote bridge over encrypted tunnel, median wall.

Experimental limitations

  • Bridge wall time only; excludes host capture, native qualification and result installation.
  • No application process was running.
  • Synthetic owned integer geometry, not a student drawing.
  • 3 repeats per placement, sequential, on one workstation and one remote node.
  • Workstation CPU model not recorded.
  • The native API cost of the same fixture was captured separately and is not a matched pair with this run.

At the larger size the remote path remains far behind the equivalent local computation, and the application's own native call for the same fixture was recorded separately as 40531 ms. Scaling the workload did not change the ordering of the three paths.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

How many bytes the intersection answer actually takes

Before I could reason about transfer cost I needed the raw byte counts, so I measured request and response sizes for both crossing counts with and without lossless compression.

I compared the request frame, the compressed response frame and the uncompressed payload for 16,384 crossings and for 65,536 crossings.

At 16,384 crossings a 262,179-byte payload became a 24,555-byte frame, and at 65,536 crossings a 1,048,611-byte payload became 55,545 bytes, with the decoded contents unchanged in both cases.

Compression changes the size of what travels without changing what it means, which is why I keep the compressed and uncompressed runs apart rather than averaging them together.

These are byte counts with no timing attached, measured on a single transport, and I make no compression-ratio claim beyond the numbers themselves.

See the comparison
Data transferred · lower is fewer bytes
Uncompressed response, 16384 crossings262 kB
Compressed response, 16384 crossings24.6 kB
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Uncompressed response, 16384 crossings262 kB
Compressed response, 16384 crossings24.6 kB
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-intersection-wire-compression
Original title
Intersection wire-frame sizes with and without lossless compression
Measurement boundary
Request and response byte counts on the same intersection bridge transport for the two fixture sizes, measured with and without the lossless compressed response encoding. A size measurement only; it contains no timing.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores and 31331228 KiB available memory running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
Rust release build of the intersection bridge with and without the compressed response codec.
Input
Captured AutoCAD intersection arrays for 16384 and 65536 crossings.
Samples
Two fixture sizes, one encoding measurement each; the compressed encoding was measured again in a separate second run and produced the same frame digests.
Statistical method
single measurement per value
Cold / warm state
Not applicable; byte counts do not depend on warm or cold state.
Network
Remote placement over the encrypted tunnel. Frame counts are application frames and exclude transport, tunnel and handshake overhead.
Serialization
Lossless compressed response encoding with a recorded frame digest for each size and an unchanged decoded payload.
Correctness checks
The decoded payload was 262169 bytes for 16384 crossings and 1048601 bytes for 65536 crossings, matching the uncompressed payload sizes, and the frame digests were identical between the two runs.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
request frame, 16384 crossings8226 bytes1single measurement
compressed response frame, 16384 crossings24555 bytes1single measurement
uncompressed response payload, 16384 crossings262179 bytes1single measurement
request frame, 65536 crossings16418 bytes1single measurement
compressed response frame, 65536 crossings55545 bytes1single measurement
uncompressed response payload, 65536 crossings1048611 bytes1single measurement

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSuncompressed response payload, 16384 crossings ÷ compressed response frame, 16384 crossings = 10.677214×90.634261% lower value for compressed response frame, 16384 crossings.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSuncompressed response payload, 65536 crossings ÷ compressed response frame, 65536 crossings = 18.878585×94.702993% lower value for compressed response frame, 65536 crossings.

Experimental limitations

  • Byte counts only; no timing is implied by this measurement.
  • Application frames only; transport, tunnel and handshake overhead are excluded.
  • No compression ratio is asserted here; only the measured byte counts are recorded.
  • Measured on one transport implementation only.

Compression changes the size of the transported result while leaving the decoded payload unchanged. This is why the compressed and uncompressed bridge runs are retained as separate experiments rather than merged into one figure.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

Reading remote curve lengths on three different drawings

A result that only works on one drawing is not a result, so I repeated the remote length path on three separately created drawings, each with its own geometry.

Six live returns across the three drawings, with the analytic reference and the native check recorded alongside each one.

All six returns matched the analytic reference with no native length call, including edited geometry that changed the length, though the hook time ranged from about 512 ms to 4.76 s.

Host acceptance survives across drawings, which is meaningfully stronger than a single-drawing demonstration; the timing still says the transport dominates.

One sample per return, the transport cost is far above the native check, and an identical copy of a drawing placed at a different path stays on the native route with interception not resuming in that session.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
remote hook, first drawing original geometry567 ms
remote hook, first drawing edited geometry2.12 s
remote hook, second drawing original geometry512 ms
remote hook, second drawing edited geometry573 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-length-crossdrawing-r1
Original title
Cross-drawing curve lengths consumed remotely, first campaign
Measurement boundary
Six live remote returns across three independently created and pinned drawings, each geometry first qualified against the native implementation on a separate command. Ordinary LIST commands. Demonstrates host acceptance on more than one drawing; it is not a speed comparison and not a student workload.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; Rust release build of the curve primitive and its bridge.
Input
Three independently generated pinned drawings with unit-weight degree-1 geometry. Original lengths 7, 14 and 21; three-dimensional edited lengths 10.211102550927979, 16 and 22.416407864998739.
Samples
6 live remote returns, one per geometry state, plus a separate native qualification command for each of the six.
Statistical method
single sample per return
Cold / warm state
Warm for the six returns; each exact geometry was qualified on a separate command first.
Network
Encrypted tunnel to the CPU node. Every successful return was a fresh worker request, not a cached result substitution; 17 worker requests were verified against worker identifiers and timings.
Serialization
Application frames 194 bytes for the request and 51 bytes for the successful reply.
Correctness checks
All six returns made zero intercepted native calls and matched the analytic reference at the unchanged 1e-10 tolerance with a 1.25e-11 comparison budget. Weighted and curved cases on the third drawing stayed native on measured disagreement.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
remote hook, first drawing original geometry566.7866 ms1single sample
remote hook, first drawing edited geometry2119.9736 ms1single sample
remote hook, second drawing original geometry511.6534 ms1single sample
remote hook, second drawing edited geometry572.8415 ms1single sample
remote hook, third drawing original geometry2168.865 ms1single sample
remote hook, third drawing edited geometry4759.4218 ms1single sample

Experimental limitations

  • Single sample per return.
  • Median successful hook time was 569.81405 ms against native calibration in the microsecond range, so this is not acceleration.
  • Terminal lockout: an identical copy at an unpinned path stays native and interception does not resume in that process, which is an explicit student-experience limitation.
  • No independent review of the larger remote-execution difference was performed.
  • Three incompatible cases deliberately stayed native and are recorded separately.

The host consumed remote lengths on three different drawings without falling back to native, which is stronger evidence than a single-drawing result. The transport cost still dominates the native compute cost, so the value here is correctness, not speed.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

Losing the remote worker mid-session and still getting an answer

I wanted to know whether the application survives the remote side disappearing, so I stopped the worker during a session and watched what the user would actually get.

I recorded two native fallbacks while the worker was down and then two remote returns after a fresh worker started, on the same drawing and geometry.

With the worker gone the application answered with its own length in 271 ms and 272 ms after exactly one native call each, and once a worker was back the remote path resumed at about 555 ms and 561 ms with no native calls.

The user always gets the right number, and the service can come back without the application changing anything.

One sample per case and one drawing; what the original record calls a reconnection is really a second expected native fallback, because the stopped unit had already been collected and could not be restarted.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
remote hook, connected return554 ms
remote hook, return after worker recovery561 ms
native hook, worker disconnected fallback271 ms
native hook, collected unit could not be restarted272 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-length-crossdrawing-r2-recovery
Original title
Cross-drawing curve lengths with a stopped and restarted remote worker
Measurement boundary
A second campaign in which the remote worker was stopped and a new capped worker was started. One native fallback while the worker was unavailable, a second native fallback when a collected unit could not be restarted, then a fresh remote return with zero native calls after the new worker started. Covers failure and recovery, not throughput.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; Rust release build of the curve primitive and its bridge.
Input
The first drawing of the first campaign with the same pinned geometry and length 7.
Samples
2 live remote returns, 1 native qualification and 2 native fallbacks.
Statistical method
single sample per case
Cold / warm state
Warm for the returns after a fresh native qualification in the same process.
Network
Encrypted tunnel to the CPU node. The worker unit was stopped, then a new capped unit was started and the remote path resumed.
Serialization
Application frames 194 bytes for the request and 51 bytes for the successful reply.
Correctness checks
Both remote returns returned the analytic length 7 with zero intercepted native calls, and both worker-failure cases returned the native value 7 with one native call each and no remote consumption.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
remote hook, connected return554.2698 ms1single sample
remote hook, return after worker recovery560.6583 ms1single sample
native hook, worker disconnected fallback271.0759 ms1single sample
native hook, collected unit could not be restarted272.33299999999997 ms1single sample

Experimental limitations

  • Single sample per case.
  • The case labelled as a reconnection is in fact a second expected native fallback: the stopped transient unit had been collected, so the restart attempt failed and the application fell back natively.
  • The fallback path is correct but slower than the remote path it replaces.
  • One drawing and one geometry.

When the remote worker disappears the application still returns the correct answer using its own implementation, and once a worker is available again the remote path resumes without the application changing anything. The labels in the original receipt overstate the recovery and must not be quoted as successes.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

Three multi-segment curves consumed from the remote worker

I wanted to see whether acceptance holds for geometry that is not a single straight span, so I built three multi-segment curves and let ordinary commands read their lengths.

I measured the remote hook for each curve against the native check the application ran on the same geometry beforehand.

All three remote lengths, 7, 17 and 22, matched the analytic reference exactly and the successful commands made no native length call, but each remote hook took roughly half a second against native checks of 15 microseconds to 1.1 ms.

Correctness generalised across the three shapes; speed did not, because the round trip costs thousands of times what the native computation costs.

A single sample per curve, one drawing, and an area command still made a second native length call and computed its result locally, so no fully external area computation is claimed.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
remote hook, length 7 geometry600 ms
remote hook, length 17 geometry554 ms
remote hook, length 22 geometry589 ms
native calibration, length 7 geometry1.15 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-length-geometry-multisegment
Original title
Multi-segment curve lengths consumed remotely by the application
Measurement boundary
Three degree-1, unit-weight, non-periodic multi-segment geometries on one owned drawing with two in-memory edits. Remote lengths were consumed by ordinary LIST commands with zero intercepted native calls on the successful returns. Does not cover curved or weighted geometry, other drawings, or a fully external AREA command.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; Rust release build of the curve primitive and its bridge.
Input
Owned multi-segment geometries with true lengths 7, 17 (three-dimensional) and 22; one drawing, two in-memory geometry variants, never saved.
Samples
3 geometries; remote hook samples 600.1093, 553.8481 and 589.4221 ms, one per geometry.
Statistical method
single sample per geometry
Cold / warm state
Warm for the remote returns; each exact snapshot was first qualified against the native implementation on a separate ordinary command.
Network
Encrypted tunnel to the CPU node; remote worker compute was 8, 4 and 9 microseconds.
Serialization
Application frames 194 bytes for the request and 51 bytes for the successful reply.
Correctness checks
Remote values 7, 17 and 22 matched the analytic reference and the native value at the unchanged 1e-10 tolerance with a 1.25e-11 comparison budget, and four LIST returns made zero intercepted native calls.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
remote hook, length 7 geometry600.1093 ms1single sample
remote hook, length 17 geometry553.8481 ms1single sample
remote hook, length 22 geometry589.4221 ms1single sample
native calibration, length 7 geometry1.1467 ms1single sample
native calibration, length 17 geometry0.0147 ms1single sample
native calibration, length 22 geometry0.0178 ms1single sample

Experimental limitations

  • Single sample per geometry; not a statistically qualified comparison.
  • Remote calls took roughly half a second while native calibration took 14.7 to 1146.7 microseconds, so this path is slower than native and is explicitly not an acceleration.
  • One owned drawing only; cross-drawing behaviour was measured separately.
  • AREA consumed one remote length but still executed a second native length call and computed area locally, so no fully external AREA execution is claimed.
  • Native enumeration stability and the general error enclosure of the native approximation are empirical, not proven.

Remote curve lengths were consumed correctly by the host for a bounded geometry class, but the transport cost dominates the native compute cost by three to four orders of magnitude. The result establishes host acceptance, not usefulness.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

Curved and weighted curves going back to AutoCAD

I had to know what happens with geometry my analytic path cannot vouch for, so I sent six curved and weighted cases to the worker and checked which answer the application actually used.

For each of the six geometry classes I compared the native check against the remote exchange and then looked at which result reached the user.

Every remote value disagreed with the native one beyond the allowed tolerance, so none was published: the application kept its own answer and made one native call each time, with no tolerance widened and no vendor ordering copied.

Refusing to publish a number I cannot justify is what makes the external path safe to leave switched on, and it costs a native call whenever it fires.

One attempt per class on one drawing, so a refusal here says nothing about how often a real drawing would be refused, and the native check and the remote exchange are different measurement boundaries.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
native calibration, parabola58.6 µs
native calibration, cubic with a point22.6 µs
native calibration, rational arc63.2 µs
native calibration, joined cubic spans33.7 µs
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-length-incompatible-geometry-native
Original title
Curved and weighted curve geometries were rejected and left on the native path
Measurement boundary
Six geometry classes that were captured, sent to the worker and then rejected on measured disagreement with the native value, leaving the application with its own result. This is the conservative fallback behaviour, not a speed comparison.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; Rust release build of the curve primitive and its bridge.
Input
Parabola, cubic with a point, rational arc, joined cubic spans, spatial cubic and a non-unit-weight degree-1 geometry on one owned drawing.
Samples
6 geometry classes, one qualification attempt each.
Statistical method
single sample per class
Cold / warm state
Cold qualification attempts; each was the first encounter with that exact snapshot.
Network
Encrypted tunnel to the CPU node. The worker answered each case, for example 14 microseconds for the parabola and 41 microseconds for the spatial cubic.
Serialization
Request frames between 202 and 370 bytes depending on the geometry class; the successful reply frame is 51 bytes.
Correctness checks
In every class the remote value disagreed with the native value beyond the allowed budget, the remote result was not published, the native result was returned, and one native call was made. Recorded disagreements include 1.4789428575445975 against 1.478970602513636 for the parabola and 4.0 against 4.000023265118353 for the cubic. No tolerance was widened and no vendor ordering was imitated.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
native calibration, parabola0.0586 ms1single sample
native calibration, cubic with a point0.0226 ms1single sample
native calibration, rational arc0.0632 ms1single sample
native calibration, joined cubic spans0.0337 ms1single sample
native calibration, spatial cubic0.047 ms1single sample
native calibration, non-unit-weight degree 10.0288 ms1single sample
remote exchange, parabola522.0557 ms1single sample
remote exchange, cubic with a point532.2203 ms1single sample
remote exchange, rational arc516.7703 ms1single sample
remote exchange, joined cubic spans587.8673 ms1single sample
remote exchange, spatial cubic595.4548 ms1single sample
remote exchange, non-unit-weight degree 1540.8037 ms1single sample

Experimental limitations

  • Single sample per class.
  • Rejection here means the remote value was discarded; it does not measure how often a real drawing would be rejected.
  • One owned drawing; a rejection observed here is not a general statement about a geometry class.
  • The native calibration and the remote exchange are different measurement boundaries and are not directly comparable with one another.

The interceptor refuses to publish a value it cannot vouch for and leaves the application with its own answer. This is the safety property that makes the remote path admissible at all, and it costs a native call every time it fires.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

Getting a computed curve length accepted by AutoCAD

The real test of an external geometry path is whether the application will use the answer, so I served one ordinary LIST command's length call from the remote worker and watched what the program did with it.

I compared the worker's own compute time against the full time the intercepted call took inside the application, on a straight spline with an integer control polygon and unit weights.

AutoCAD printed the remote value as Length: 93.0000 and made no native length call on that path, while the worker spent 168 microseconds computing and the intercepted call still took 673 ms.

The host accepts externally computed results, which is the part that had to be proven; the round trip is far too slow to be useful on its own.

One command on one spline of mine, so nothing here generalises to other geometry; the timing includes the operator paging through output inside the command window, and the larger remote-execution difference had no independent review at the time.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
remote worker compute168 µs
intercepted call inclusive wall time673 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-length-restricted-r3
Original title
Restricted analytic curve length replaced inside an ordinary application command
Measurement boundary
One ordinary LIST command on an owned, analytically qualified straight spline. The intercepted length call was served from the remote CPU worker and the returned value was consumed and printed by the application. Demonstrates that a returned result is accepted by the host. It does not demonstrate acceleration, general-curve support or a student result.
Hardware
Windows workstation (CPU model not recorded); remote CPU node with 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory and 209 GB free disk running Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0; Rust release build of the curve primitive and its bridge.
Input
Owned spline handle 36: 32 control points, clamped non-periodic, integer affine control polygon, unit weights, full interval. For this profile the true arc length is the endpoint distance rather than the application's own approximation.
Samples
One ordinary command, one remote request.
Statistical method
single run
Cold / warm state
Cold for this geometry: the exact snapshot was qualified against the native implementation on a separate command before the remote return was accepted.
Network
Encrypted tunnel to the CPU node; the worker spent 168 microseconds computing.
Serialization
Application frames 194 bytes for the request and 51 bytes for the successful reply on this primitive.
Correctness checks
The remote value 93 was printed by the application as Length: 93.0000, the admitted native length calls on the successful return were zero, and the validated analytic error bound was 1.4210854715202007e-14 against a requested tolerance of 1e-10.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
remote worker compute0.168 ms1single run
intercepted call inclusive wall time673.1773 ms1single run

Experimental limitations

  • One ordinary command on one owned spline; no repeated measurement.
  • Restricted profile only: integer affine control polygon, unit weights, full clamped non-periodic interval. Other geometry types are not qualified.
  • The intercepted-call wall time includes capture, transfer, wait and validation and is not native compute time.
  • Whole-operation latency is not qualified: the recorded wall time includes human pagination inside the command window.
  • Not integrated into an installed desktop enrollment, not signed, and not student-release qualified.
  • The larger remote-execution difference had no independent review at the time of this run.

The host accepted a remotely computed value and printed it, with zero native calls on the successful path. The remote worker spent 168 microseconds computing while the intercepted call itself took 673.1773 ms, so the mechanism is a correctness demonstration rather than a useful acceleration for this workload.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

What an engineering operation costs inside AutoCAD itself

Before I could claim that an external path was faster, I needed to know what the application costs on its own work, so I profiled eleven synthetic operations entirely inside AutoCAD with nothing intercepted.

I ran route intersections, spatial stationing, a perforated plate and a dense regeneration through the application's own API, three repeats each, and kept the median.

The native cost spans a wide range: 16 ms for a small intersection set and for the perforated plate, about 781 ms for 32,000 stationing queries, and roughly 43 seconds for 256 routes producing 65,536 crossings.

This is the figure every later comparison has to beat, and it is also the figure that moves between sessions on the same machine.

The geometry is synthetic and mine, the host processor was never recorded, and warm-up time is folded into the same number, so these are reference costs rather than a machine-independent baseline.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
route intersections, 16 routes, 256 crossings0.016 s
route intersections, 64 routes, 4096 crossings0.359 s
route intersections, 128 routes, 16384 crossings2.72 s
route intersections, 256 routes, 65536 crossings43 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
route intersections, 16 routes, 256 crossings16 ms
route intersections, 64 routes, 4096 crossings359 ms
route intersections, 128 routes, 16384 crossings2.72 s
route intersections, 256 routes, 65536 crossings43 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
cad-native-operation-profile
Original title
Native AutoCAD synthetic engineering-operation profile
Measurement boundary
Baseline cost of the same synthetic engineering operations executed entirely by the application's own API, with no interception, no external execution and no result substitution. This is the cost that later measurements replace.
Hardware
Windows workstation: CPU model, memory and operating-system build not recorded. Remote CPU node used elsewhere in this dataset: 8 cores, 31331228 KiB available memory, 209 GB free disk, Ubuntu 26.04.1.
Software
AutoCAD 2021 R24.0.47.0.0 (R24.0 branch).
Input
Owned synthetic fixtures: an integer orthogonal route network, spatial stationing over the same network, a perforated plate and a dense regeneration field. Fixture authoring used ezdxf 1.4.5 and numpy 2.5.4 with a fixed hash seed so repeated builds were byte-identical.
Samples
3 repeats per operation; 11 operations measured.
Statistical method
median of 3 repeats
Cold / warm state
Warm: the same unchanged fixture was executed repeatedly. No cold qualification cost exists on this path.
Network
None. Native local execution only; no transport was involved.
Serialization
None recorded; this path produces no request or response frame.
Correctness checks
Not the subject of this measurement. The profile records operation cost together with the operation magnitude it produced: crossing count, station total, area and entity count.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
route intersections, 16 routes, 256 crossings16 ms3median of 3 samples
route intersections, 64 routes, 4096 crossings359 ms3median of 3 samples
route intersections, 128 routes, 16384 crossings2718 ms3median of 3 samples
route intersections, 256 routes, 65536 crossings43031 ms3median of 3 samples
spatial stationing, 1000 queries31 ms3median of 3 samples
spatial stationing, 8000 queries203 ms3median of 3 samples
spatial stationing, 32000 queries781 ms3median of 3 samples
perforated plate, 16 bores16 ms3median of 3 samples
perforated plate, 64 bores109 ms3median of 3 samples
dense regeneration, 2000 entities31 ms3median of 3 samples
dense regeneration, 10000 entities63 ms3median of 3 samples

Experimental limitations

  • Synthetic owned fixtures, not student or production drawings.
  • Timer resolution and process warm-up are not separated from the measured operation.
  • Host CPU model not recorded, so the baseline cannot be normalised to a machine class.
  • Each row is a different operation and a different magnitude, so rows are not comparable with one another.
  • The key name used for these figures in the original summary means native local execution and must not be read as an external local Rust implementation.

This fixes the native reference against which every later row in this dataset is read. A published speed figure must quote the matching native row for the same operation, on the same host, and must state that the native figure itself varies between sessions.

Technical details and evidence

Runtime

Research article ↗
Performance

Running the shipped desktop command line both ways

I wanted to see what a real user of the shipped desktop tool experiences on the local route versus the remote one, so I ran the installed command line end to end.

Two matrix sizes, 32 and 128, each computed three times per route, measuring the whole process from start to close.

At size 32 the local route took a median of 317 ms and the remote route 7.59 s, about 24 times longer; at size 128 the local route took 312 ms and the remote 9.83 s, about 32 times longer.

On the same machine the remote route is dramatically slower for these small problems, and the local route even got slightly faster at the larger size, which is the opposite of the usual intuition.

Three calls per route per size, concurrent memory observation may have perturbed the timings, the external tunnel and worker preparation are excluded from the remote interval so the real figure would be worse, and the peak working set is a sample rather than a measurement of memory behaviour.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, size 320.317 s
Remote execution, size 327.58 s
Local execution, size 1280.312 s
Remote execution, size 1289.83 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, size 32317 ms
Remote execution, size 327.58 s
Local execution, size 128312 ms
Remote execution, size 1289.83 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-cli-desktop-local-remote
Original title
Desktop command-line path, local execution against remote execution on the same machine
Measurement boundary
The shipped desktop command line exercised end to end on a personal machine: authenticated remote computations, local fallback when the remote path is unavailable, and the elapsed time from process start to close for both routes at two problem sizes.
Hardware
A personal Windows machine with 8 GB of memory. The CPU model and core count are not recorded in this receipt.
Software
A native Microsoft-toolchain build of the desktop application with a pinned numeric runtime library beside it. The library is the same pinned 0.3.34 build used elsewhere in this dataset.
Input
Two square matrix problem sizes, 32 and 128, each computed three times per route. The fixtures are described as owned synthetic fixtures.
Samples
Three process calls per route per size, six in total. The run also produced six actual authenticated remote computations and two safe local fallbacks.
Statistical method
Median spawn-to-close time over three calls per route per size. The receipt states these are not a full benchmark distribution or an acceleration result.
Cold / warm state
Each observation is a complete process start to close, so process start-up is inside the measured interval.
Network
The remote route includes provider, input and authentication handling, native execution, full native verification, cleanup and publication. It excludes external tunnel and worker preparation, which are not separately measured.
Serialization
Not recorded as a separate figure in this receipt.
Correctness checks
Every remote computation was checked against a full scalar bitwise oracle. The two local fallbacks, taken when the epoch was wrong and when the tunnel was absent, were also recorded as correct, and all cleanup checks passed.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local route, size 32, median spawn to close317.0849 ms3median of 3 process calls
remote route, size 32, median spawn to close7584.6283 ms3median of 3 process calls
local route, size 128, median spawn to close312.4579 ms3median of 3 process calls
remote route, size 128, median spawn to close9829.4951 ms3median of 3 process calls
authenticated remote computations executed6 calls6six actual authenticated remote computations
safe local fallbacks taken2 calls2one for a wrong epoch and one for an absent tunnel
desktop library tests passed104 cases1104 of 104 library tests passed, hashes checked before and after
observed peak working set, lower bound of the reported range76546048 bytes1the reported approximate range of 73 to 74 MiB, lower bound expressed in bytes

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal route, size 32, median spawn to close ÷ remote route, size 32, median spawn to close = 0.041806254×2291.9866% higher time for remote route, size 32, median spawn to close.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal route, size 128, median spawn to close ÷ remote route, size 128, median spawn to close = 0.031787787×3045.8622% higher time for remote route, size 128, median spawn to close.

Experimental limitations

  • Three calls per route per size; the receipt states this is not a full benchmark distribution.
  • Concurrent memory observation may have perturbed the timings.
  • External tunnel and worker preparation are excluded from the remote interval, so the remote figure is not an end-to-end user wait.
  • The observed peak working set is a sample, not a memory qualification.
  • An earlier shorter campaign remains failed and is retained separately.
  • No 4 GB device behaviour is qualified.

On the same machine the remote route is between 23 and 24 times the local median at size 32 and between 31 and 32 times the local median at size 128. The local route is also slightly faster at the larger size, which is the opposite of the usual intuition. The honest summary is that this build of the remote path is substantially slower than the local path for these small problems, and that the measurement deliberately excludes the parts of a real deployment that would make the remote number worse.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

Packaging the desktop application and checking it installs

A desktop tool that cannot be installed is not usable, so I built the installer twice from the same source, inspected what it carries, and checked the install and uninstall behaviour of the previous version.

Two builds compared byte for byte, the embedded payload and exported tables inspected, and an unprivileged install-then-uninstall of the earlier version.

Both builds produced 13,127,680 bytes with fourteen exported tables matching byte for byte and exactly three embedded payload files each matching their expected checksums, and the earlier version installed and uninstalled cleanly for a current user without touching files it does not own.

The package is real and its contents are exactly what I intended; the open point is that two builds from the same source differ in four bytes and I have not found out why.

The two builds are not byte-identical, exactly four bytes differ at offsets 8,300 to 8,303, and no cause is claimed; the install evidence belongs to the earlier version, nothing was installed or launched for this build, the installer is unsigned, and the toolchain archive is an observed snapshot rather than a reproducible environment.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Installer, first build13.1 MB
Installer, second build13.1 MB
Bytes differing between the builds4 B
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-installer-msi-milestones
Original title
Native installer packaging, byte reproducibility and install coverage
Measurement boundary
Two builds of the same installer from one packaging source, compared byte for byte, then the embedded payload and tables inspected with a write-capable toolkit, and the install and uninstall behaviour of the previous version checked on an existing machine.
Hardware
A personal Windows machine that is the existing development machine rather than a clean device. No 4 GB device was available for testing.
Software
A native installer packaging source compiled with the installed toolchain, the embedded payload containing the application executable and its pinned numeric runtime library, and a toolchain archive that is an observed snapshot rather than a hermetic environment.
Input
Not applicable. This is a packaging qualification.
Samples
Two installer builds from one archived packaging binary, plus the install and uninstall scenario for the previous version.
Statistical method
Byte counts and digest comparisons. No timing distribution.
Cold / warm state
Not applicable.
Network
No network use; the toolchain archive was assembled locally with no downloads.
Serialization
The installer embeds one archive and three payload files: the application executable, the pinned numeric runtime library and its licence text. Fourteen exported tables were compared between the two builds.
Correctness checks
Both builds exported fourteen tables, expanded their embedded archive, and produced exactly three payload files; all fourteen exported table files matched byte for byte between the two builds, and every embedded file matched its exact pin. The previous version recorded a successful unelevated current-user install and uninstall with exact payload and shortcut checks and preservation of unowned files.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
installer, first build13127680 bytes2byte size of the first of two builds from one packaging binary
installer, second build13127680 bytes2byte size of the second build, equal to the first
differing bytes between the two builds4 bytes2exactly four differing bytes, at zero-based offsets 8300 to 8303
embedded payload archive13089923 bytes2extracted from each build and compared
application executable in the payload8041984 bytes2matches its exact pin in both builds
numeric runtime library in the payload51379251 bytes2matches its exact pin in both builds
runtime library licence text in the payload1545 bytes2matches its exact pin in both builds
exported installer tables inspected14 cases214 exports present for each build and all matched byte for byte
payload files in the installer3 cases2exactly three payload files
unelevated current-user install and uninstall exit status0 cases10 denotes a successful exit code, recorded for the previous version only
installer scenario overall pass flag0 cases10 denotes false, correctly preserving the failed interface qualification

Experimental limitations

  • The two builds are not byte-reproducible: exactly four bytes differ, at offsets 8300 to 8303, and no cause is asserted.
  • The install and uninstall evidence belongs to the previous version and does not qualify the version built here.
  • Nothing was installed or launched for the version built here: no installation, no command-line negative tests, no installer validation, no dependency closure, no rollback, no upgrade or downgrade refusal, no administrative or unprivileged behaviour and no configuration preservation were exercised.
  • Same-host, same-tool repeatability of the normalised build does not establish cross-toolchain reproducible compilation, signing or authenticity.
  • The installer is unsigned and not fully qualified.
  • The toolchain archive is an observed binary snapshot and not a redistributable environment.
  • The existing development machine was used; a clean device was not available.

The installer produces a working package with an exactly pinned payload, and the previous version installs and uninstalls cleanly for an unprivileged user without touching files it does not own. The one unresolved point is reproducibility: two builds from the same packaging binary differ in four bytes, which is small but unexplained, and the receipt chooses to publish that rather than normalise it away.

Technical details and evidence
Incomplete experiment

What a new user meets on the first run

The hardest part to get right is often the first two minutes, so I drove the installed application through its first-run path twice as a non-technical user would.

Two installed first-run attempts, each checked for how far it got, what blocked it and whether it ever completed a computation.

Neither run completed a computation; the second got through the bundled numeric library setup and the consent and remote-profile gating, then stopped at a capped timeout reading the native file picker's filename field, and the window layout is visibly clipped at the machine's expected display scaling.

Onboarding is the weakest part of the system so far, and the failures sit at the boundary of the operating system's file picker and the display rather than in the numerical work.

Two runs, both incomplete, so there is no successful end-to-end first run to describe; the expected 144 scaling was not verified in a capture, observing a control is not the same as physical keyboard coverage, teardown does not have an absolute limit, and no scaling, accessibility, remote execution, cancellation, memory or installation success is claimed.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
First-run attempts2 cases
Runs that completed a computation0 cases
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-novice-gui-first-run
Original title
First-run experience of the installed desktop application for a non-technical user
Measurement boundary
The installed application was launched twice on a personal machine and driven through its first-run path: included-library setup, consent, remote-profile gating, a native file picker and the request flow. Both runs are recorded as failed or incomplete, and the blocking points are published rather than smoothed over.
Hardware
A personal Windows machine with 8 GB of memory at an expected display scaling of 144. The CPU model and core count are not recorded in this receipt.
Software
The installed desktop application built from a pinned source snapshot, with the native window shell, and a qualification harness that drives it through the operating system accessibility interface. The harness pins the installed executable, the installer and the request digests, and rejects reparse points on the selected local paths.
Input
An installed application run driven by a harness that clicks the real controls, records the created personal configuration paths without opening them, and exercises the native file picker.
Samples
Two installed runs. Both are recorded as failed or incomplete. A third blind retry was deliberately not performed.
Statistical method
Counts of runs, of successful stages and of blocking events. No timing distribution is published for the application path.
Cold / warm state
Both runs are first-run launches of the installed application.
Network
The remote profile gate was exercised and left disabled without a configured profile; no remote computation was attempted in either run.
Serialization
Not applicable; no request or response frame was produced by the recorded runs.
Correctness checks
Not the subject of these runs. The second run recorded successful included-library setup and the initial consent and remote-profile gating before it stopped.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
installed first-run attempts2 cases2two installed runs launched
runs that completed a computation and an oracle check0 cases2neither run reached a computation
runs that completed included-library setup and consent gating1 cases2recorded in the second run
runs that ended in a bounded native-picker filename query timeout1 cases2recorded in the second run
expected environment display scaling144 dpi2expected value recorded by the harness, not a verified capture
global termination timer135000 ms1terminates the owned application and helper jobs
driver hard exit timer148000 ms1terminates again and exits the driver
normal operation budget130000 ms1normal operation budget for a whole run
single native text query timeout300 ms1per query ceiling
cleanup budget3000 ms1cleanup ceiling

Experimental limitations

  • Two runs, both failed or incomplete; no successful end-to-end first run is recorded.
  • The application was never shown to complete a computation, produce a result or pass an oracle.
  • The expected 144 display scaling is recorded as an environment expectation; an actual 144 scaling capture was not verified and the harness notes that a successful window capture does not prove pixel legibility.
  • The harness explicitly states that observing a tab is not physical keyboard coverage.
  • The harness records that teardown is not absolutely bounded, because local filesystem queries, scheduling and job assignment can all stall.
  • No 150 or 200 percent scaling, accessibility-tool compatibility, remote execution or cancellation, 4 GB memory, numerical correctness or installation success is claimed.
  • The run is a candidate qualification attempt, not an accepted result.

The first-run path is the weakest part of the system so far. Onboarding reached the point of creating the user configuration and accepting consent, then stopped at a bounded timeout reading the native file picker filename field, and the window layout is visibly clipped at the machine display scaling. The harness is careful to separate an application defect from an environment or test-harness defect and does not claim either.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Taking the first-use cost apart phase by phase

The first-use failure was large enough that I wanted to see where inside it the time went, so I measured the phases separately instead of only the total.

Setup, preparation and calibration, cleanup and the whole first use, each against the equivalent local phase, over 30 blocks.

The whole first use cost 8.6 ms against 0.33 ms locally, 26 times more, and within that, preparation and calibration alone were 7.7 ms against 0.115 ms, while the steady calls themselves differ by a fraction of a millisecond.

The gap is start-up and calibration debt rather than steady-state execution; once the path is ready it behaves, and getting it ready is what fails.

Quantiles of nested boundaries cannot be added, this is not a native or wide-area start-up measurement, the wide-area and cold observations in the same run are partial, every measured dispatcher decision chose local, and the failure is kept rather than replaced by the steady-state pass.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, whole first use, median0.328 ms
Prepared path, whole first use, median8.64 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, whole first use, median328 µs
Prepared path, whole first use, median8.64 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-s6-first-use
Original title
Preservation first use including preparation and calibration, with the overhead boundaries itemised
Measurement boundary
The first-use boundary of the preservation run, measured from setup through preparation, calibration, warm-up and the first measured call with its external scalar oracle. The overhead phases are published as their own rows so the cost structure is visible rather than hidden inside a single ratio.
Hardware
Two worker processes on one admitted CPU host running Ubuntu 24.04 with kernel 6.8 on EPYC-Genoa, with the Rust toolchain at 1.99.0 and one declared thread. The receipt describes them as correlated processes sharing admitted hardware rather than a heterogeneous resource set.
Software
A separate one-attempt preservation dataset of 1,200 correct measured calls, 450 warm-ups and 150 phases, with 240 calibrated profiles fresh for both bindings and 240 real regions executed on each of two forced workers.
Input
A small-integer N32 two-dependent-GEMM region executed as eight measured calls per block, with every final output element checked on each call.
Samples
1,200 correct measured calls, 450 warm-ups and 150 phases; 240 calibrated measured rows with fresh profiles on both bindings.
Statistical method
Nearest-rank block median and 95th percentile over 30 blocks in microseconds, compared against the optimised local boundary, with a paired mean-ratio bootstrap of 10,000 resamples.
Cold / warm state
Each boundary is measured separately. Setup, preparation and calibration, warm-up, the first measured call with its external scalar oracle, the steady calls and cleanup are charged to distinct boundaries and the quantiles of nested phases cannot be added.
Network
Loopback between the client and the two worker processes on the same host. The harness explicitly excludes process-cold worker launch and any wide-area or operator transport from these totals.
Serialization
Per-phase counters remain fully enabled and charged, separating serial authenticated metadata, execute, fetch, release and statistics calls. Directional accounting excludes the enclosing transport overhead.
Correctness checks
All 1,200 measured calls are recorded correct. The independent gate decision recomputed every comparison and the seeded bootstrap and accepted the source, process, key, listener, size and archive receipts.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
inclusive first use, optimised local, median0.328 ms30nearest-rank block median, 328 microseconds
inclusive first use, optimised local, 95th percentile0.456 ms30nearest-rank block 95th percentile, 456 microseconds
inclusive first use, calibrated dispatcher, median8.638 ms30nearest-rank block median, 8,638 microseconds
inclusive first use, calibrated dispatcher, 95th percentile12.16 ms30nearest-rank block 95th percentile, 12,160 microseconds
first-use ratio against the optimised local boundary26.3354 ratio30median ratio on the inclusive first-use boundary
first-use ratio, 95th percentile26.6667 ratio3095th percentile ratio on the inclusive first-use boundary
setup phase, optimised local, median0.06 ms30nearest-rank block median, 60 microseconds
setup phase, calibrated dispatcher, median0.761 ms30nearest-rank block median, 761 microseconds
preparation and calibration phase, optimised local, median0.115 ms30nearest-rank block median, 115 microseconds
preparation and calibration phase, calibrated dispatcher, median7.665 ms30nearest-rank block median, 7,665 microseconds
cleanup phase, optimised local, median0.078 ms30nearest-rank block median, 78 microseconds
cleanup phase, calibrated dispatcher, median0.387 ms30nearest-rank block median, 387 microseconds
measured calls1200 calls1501,200 correct measured calls

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSinclusive first use, optimised local, median ÷ inclusive first use, calibrated dispatcher, median = 0.037971753×2533.5366% higher time for inclusive first use, calibrated dispatcher, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSinclusive first use, optimised local, 95th percentile ÷ inclusive first use, calibrated dispatcher, 95th percentile = 0.037500000×2566.6667% higher time for inclusive first use, calibrated dispatcher, 95th percentile.

Experimental limitations

  • Quantiles of nested boundaries cannot be added; the setup boundary contains the artifact preparation.
  • This boundary is not a native or wide-area start-up measurement and must not be read as one.
  • The wide-area and cold observations in the same receipt are partial and are published separately.
  • All measured dispatcher choices were local; the ratio measures the cost of preparing and calibrating the remote path.
  • The first-use failure is preserved and is not replaced by the steady-state pass.

The remote path costs about 26 times the local boundary at the median on first use. The itemised phases show why: preparation and calibration alone cost roughly 7.7 ms at the median against a local preparation cost of 0.115 ms, while the steady call itself differs by only a fraction of a millisecond. The gap is start-up and calibration debt, not steady-state execution.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The whole experiment, including the wide-area observations

I wanted the complete boundary measured, and the same run happened to be the only place where a real external link was exercised, so I published both.

Setup through cleanup against the optimised local boundary, alongside the single wide-area observations recorded in the same run.

The complete experiment cost about 13.9 times the local boundary at the median and 10.6 times at the 95th percentile; over the wide-area link the first local parent record took 6.9 s against 35.9 s for a partial remote leg, and one remote boundary produced no result at all.

The picture is consistent: roughly as fast as local in steady state and much slower everywhere else, with the external link the worst of it.

The wide-area figures are single correlated observations with an incomplete remote leg and one boundary that returned nothing, the 137-second figure is the duration of a failed run rather than a latency, the payload failure was never explained, and the complete-phase failure is kept alongside the steady-state pass.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, median0.677 ms
Prepared path, median9.43 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, median677 µs
Prepared path, median9.43 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-s6-full-experiment
Original title
Preservation complete experiment boundary and the partial wide-area observations from the same run
Measurement boundary
The complete experiment boundary of the preservation run, covering setup, preparation, calibration, warm-up, every measured call, the external oracles, instrumentation and cleanup. The same receipt contains partial wide-area and cold observations, which are published here as descriptive rows because they are the only connectivity figures in the dataset.
Hardware
Two worker processes on one admitted CPU host running Ubuntu 24.04 with kernel 6.8 on EPYC-Genoa, with the Rust toolchain at 1.99.0 and one declared thread. The receipt describes them as correlated processes sharing admitted hardware rather than a heterogeneous resource set.
Software
A separate one-attempt preservation dataset of 1,200 correct measured calls, 450 warm-ups and 150 phases, with 240 calibrated profiles fresh for both bindings and 240 real regions executed on each of two forced workers.
Input
A small-integer N32 two-dependent-GEMM region executed as eight measured calls per block, with every final output element checked on each call.
Samples
1,200 correct measured calls, 450 warm-ups and 150 phases; 240 calibrated measured rows with fresh profiles on both bindings.
Statistical method
Nearest-rank block median and 95th percentile over 30 blocks in microseconds, compared against the optimised local boundary, with a paired mean-ratio bootstrap of 10,000 resamples.
Cold / warm state
Each boundary is measured separately. Setup, preparation and calibration, warm-up, the first measured call with its external scalar oracle, the steady calls and cleanup are charged to distinct boundaries and the quantiles of nested phases cannot be added.
Network
Loopback between the client and the two worker processes on the same host. The harness explicitly excludes process-cold worker launch and any wide-area or operator transport from these totals.
Serialization
Per-phase counters remain fully enabled and charged, separating serial authenticated metadata, execute, fetch, release and statistics calls. Directional accounting excludes the enclosing transport overhead.
Correctness checks
All 1,200 measured calls are recorded correct. The independent gate decision recomputed every comparison and the seeded bootstrap and accepted the source, process, key, listener, size and archive receipts.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
inclusive full experiment, optimised local, median0.677 ms30nearest-rank block median, 677 microseconds
inclusive full experiment, optimised local, 95th percentile1.232 ms30nearest-rank block 95th percentile, 1,232 microseconds
inclusive full experiment, calibrated dispatcher, median9.43 ms30nearest-rank block median, 9,430 microseconds
inclusive full experiment, calibrated dispatcher, 95th percentile13.002 ms30nearest-rank block 95th percentile, 13,002 microseconds
full experiment ratio against the optimised local boundary13.9291 ratio30median ratio on the inclusive full-experiment boundary
full experiment ratio, 95th percentile10.5536 ratio3095th percentile ratio on the inclusive full-experiment boundary
wide-area local first parent receipt6897 ms1single recorded parent receipt
wide-area partial remote first parent receipt35905 ms1single recorded parent receipt, partial leg
wide-area local eighth call receipt7108 ms1single recorded parent receipt
wide-area remote eighth call receipt0 msnot recordednot recorded; the remote leg produced no receipt
wide-area descriptive API wait, local, median0.025756 ms8median of 8 correlated single-block samples
wide-area descriptive API wait, local, 95th percentile0.115579 ms895th percentile of 8 correlated single-block samples
wide-area descriptive API wait, partial remote, median8374.323146 ms7median of 7 correlated single-block samples
wide-area descriptive API wait, partial remote, 95th percentile11342.190034 ms795th percentile of 7 correlated single-block samples
failed cleanup-inclusive wide-area experiment duration137273 ms1duration of a failed run including cleanup, not a result latency
measured calls1200 calls1501,200 correct measured calls

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSinclusive full experiment, optimised local, median ÷ inclusive full experiment, calibrated dispatcher, median = 0.071792153×1292.9099% higher time for inclusive full experiment, calibrated dispatcher, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSinclusive full experiment, optimised local, 95th percentile ÷ inclusive full experiment, calibrated dispatcher, 95th percentile = 0.094754653×955.35714% higher time for inclusive full experiment, calibrated dispatcher, 95th percentile.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSwide-area local first parent receipt ÷ wide-area partial remote first parent receipt = 0.19209024×420.58866% higher time for wide-area partial remote first parent receipt.

Experimental limitations

  • Quantiles of nested boundaries cannot be added to the complete total.
  • The wide-area rows are correlated single-block observations with a partial remote leg; the remote eighth-call receipt is not recorded at all.
  • The 137.273 second figure is a failed cleanup-inclusive experiment duration and is not a result latency.
  • The wide-area payload campaign failure was not explained; surviving control connections did not establish a cause.
  • This boundary is not a native or wide-area start-up measurement.
  • The complete-phase failure is preserved alongside the steady-state pass.

The complete experiment costs about 13.9 times the optimised local boundary at the median and 10.6 times at the 95th percentile. The wide-area figures are far larger still and are partial: the local first parent receipt took 6.897 seconds against 35.905 seconds for the partial remote leg, and one remote boundary produced no result at all. Taken together the picture is consistent: the path is roughly as fast as local in steady state and much slower everywhere else.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The steady state measured against a strict local baseline

I wanted a second steady-state measurement that could be compared with the earlier campaign, so I ran the preservation setup against an optimised local boundary.

Eight calls per block on an already prepared path against the optimised local boundary, over 30 blocks with 1,200 checked calls.

The prepared path took 239 microseconds at the median and 297 at the 95th percentile against 219 and 275 locally, 9 percent and 8 percent more, inside the 10 and 15 percent limits I set in advance.

The steady state is reproducible across campaigns, and it is an overhead result rather than a speed-up.

The paired interval's upper end sits above the median bound and the decision rule uses observed quantiles rather than interval containment, the first-use and complete-experiment legs fail and are published separately, remote execution is only proved by the forced worker arms, and every measured dispatcher decision chose local.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, median219 µs
Prepared path, median239 µs
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, median219 µs
Prepared path, median239 µs
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-s6-steady-eight-call
Original title
Preservation steady-state eight-call boundary against the optimised local boundary
Measurement boundary
The steady-state boundary of the preservation run: eight measured calls per block on an already prepared and calibrated path, compared against the optimised local boundary. This boundary passed the predeclared bounds; it is the only leg that did.
Hardware
Two worker processes on one admitted CPU host running Ubuntu 24.04 with kernel 6.8 on EPYC-Genoa, with the Rust toolchain at 1.99.0 and one declared thread. The receipt describes them as correlated processes sharing admitted hardware rather than a heterogeneous resource set.
Software
A separate one-attempt preservation dataset of 1,200 correct measured calls, 450 warm-ups and 150 phases, with 240 calibrated profiles fresh for both bindings and 240 real regions executed on each of two forced workers.
Input
A small-integer N32 two-dependent-GEMM region executed as eight measured calls per block, with every final output element checked on each call.
Samples
1,200 correct measured calls, 450 warm-ups and 150 phases; 240 calibrated measured rows with fresh profiles on both bindings.
Statistical method
Nearest-rank block median and 95th percentile over 30 blocks in microseconds, compared against the optimised local boundary, with a paired mean-ratio bootstrap of 10,000 resamples.
Cold / warm state
Each boundary is measured separately. Setup, preparation and calibration, warm-up, the first measured call with its external scalar oracle, the steady calls and cleanup are charged to distinct boundaries and the quantiles of nested phases cannot be added.
Network
Loopback between the client and the two worker processes on the same host. The harness explicitly excludes process-cold worker launch and any wide-area or operator transport from these totals.
Serialization
Per-phase counters remain fully enabled and charged, separating serial authenticated metadata, execute, fetch, release and statistics calls. Directional accounting excludes the enclosing transport overhead.
Correctness checks
All 1,200 measured calls are recorded correct. The independent gate decision recomputed every comparison and the seeded bootstrap and accepted the source, process, key, listener, size and archive receipts.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
complete eight-call steady total, optimised local, median0.219 ms30nearest-rank block median, 219 microseconds
complete eight-call steady total, optimised local, 95th percentile0.275 ms30nearest-rank block 95th percentile, 275 microseconds
complete eight-call steady total, calibrated dispatcher, median0.239 ms30nearest-rank block median, 239 microseconds
complete eight-call steady total, calibrated dispatcher, 95th percentile0.297 ms30nearest-rank block 95th percentile, 297 microseconds
steady ratio against the optimised local boundary1.0913242 ratio30median ratio against the 1.10 bound
steady ratio, 95th percentile1.08 ratio3095th percentile ratio against the 1.15 bound
paired mean-ratio interval, lower bound1.0306468478114097 ratio3010,000 paired resamples at the fixed seed
paired mean-ratio interval, upper bound1.1164022244723213 ratio3010,000 paired resamples at the fixed seed
uncalibrated steady ratio, median1.0365296804 ratio30retained tail-bound check
uncalibrated steady ratio, 95th percentile1.1927272727 ratio30retained, above the 1.15 bound
earlier candidate preservation ratio, median1.2152466368 ratio30retained failure from the earlier immutable dataset
earlier candidate preservation ratio, 95th percentile1.1992481203 ratio30retained failure from the earlier immutable dataset
measured calls1200 calls1501,200 correct measured calls
exact-source release task assertions passed177 cases1177 passed and 0 failed with 3 explicit exclusions
calibrated profiles confirmed fresh240 calls150240 calibrated measured rows with fresh profiles on both bindings
real regions executed on the forced workers480 calls150the recorded 240 real regions on each of two forced workers, summed

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTScomplete eight-call steady total, optimised local, median ÷ complete eight-call steady total, calibrated dispatcher, median = 0.91631799×9.1324201% higher time for complete eight-call steady total, calibrated dispatcher, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTScomplete eight-call steady total, optimised local, 95th percentile ÷ complete eight-call steady total, calibrated dispatcher, 95th percentile = 0.92592593×8.0000000% higher time for complete eight-call steady total, calibrated dispatcher, 95th percentile.

Experimental limitations

  • This is the steady leg only; the first-use and complete-experiment legs fail and are published separately.
  • The paired mean-ratio interval upper endpoint exceeds the 1.10 median bound; the decision rule uses observed quantiles with uncertainty disclosed rather than confidence-bound containment.
  • All measured dispatcher choices were local; the ratio measures the cost of the dispatcher path, not a placement win.
  • Remote execution is proved separately by the forced worker arms and is not claimed here.
  • This is a small-integer experiment and is not a universal numerical or tail guarantee.

With preparation and calibration already paid, the dispatcher path costs about 9 percent more than the optimised local boundary at the median and 8 percent more at the 95th percentile, inside the 10 and 15 percent bounds. The paired mean-ratio interval is disclosed with an upper endpoint above the median bound. The steady pass stands together with the first-use and complete-experiment failures and does not become an acceleration claim.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

What the first use of the prepared path costs

A steady-state number means very little if the first use is ruinous, so I measured the same path from before preparation through to the first measured call.

The inclusive first-use boundary against the same local baseline, including the external correctness check.

First use cost about 27 times the local baseline at the median and 31 times at the 95th percentile.

Getting the remote path ready is where nearly all the cost lives; paying it once and then running cheaply is a property of the workload shape, not evidence that the path is faster.

This boundary includes preparation and calibration, which are charged once and amortised, so it is not comparable with the steady figure, the correctness check and warm-up sit inside it, and every measured dispatcher decision still chose local.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
median ratio of first use against the best eligible local baseline26.9 (ratio)
95th percentile ratio of first use against the best eligible local baseline30.8 (ratio)
measured calls1,200 calls
phase records150 blocks
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-prepared-s5-first-use
Original title
Prepared calibrated first use, including preparation and calibration cost
Measurement boundary
The first-use boundary of the same prepared qualification, measured from before the prepared artifact and its attachment through calibration and the first measured call, including the external scalar oracle. This boundary failed the predeclared bounds by more than an order of magnitude.
Hardware
Two worker processes on one admitted CPU host, described in the receipt as correlated processes sharing the same hardware. The host is recorded as Ubuntu 24.04 with kernel 6.8 on EPYC-Genoa, with the Rust toolchain at 1.99.0 and one declared thread. The receipt states explicitly that this is not a heterogeneous resource set.
Software
A private immutable prepared plan retaining owned input identity plus live session, backend, memory, capability, affinity and freshness checks; one authoritative placement decision per two-GEMM region; a common optimised runner with a visible fallback trace.
Input
A small-integer N32 two-dependent-GEMM region executed as eight calls per block, with all 1,024 final output elements checked on every measured call.
Samples
1,200 measured calls, 450 warm-ups and 150 phase records across five arms of 30 paired blocks each. 240 calibrated measured rows with valid profiles and ages between 120 and 438 microseconds.
Statistical method
Nearest-rank block median and 95th percentile over 30 blocks, expressed as a ratio against the fixed named best eligible prepared local baseline, with a paired mean-ratio bootstrap of 10,000 resamples at a fixed seed.
Cold / warm state
The qualifying arm is the calibrated prepared steady state. Preparation and calibration costs are charged to a separate first-use boundary and are not folded into the steady figure.
Network
Loopback between the client and the two worker processes on the same host. Directional stream accounting excludes the enclosing transport overhead and private allocator peaks.
Serialization
Traffic records retain actual remote transfer and residency behaviour separately from dispatcher local behaviour. Per-call codec and transfer accounting is carried in the campaign receipts.
Correctness checks
Every one of the 1,200 measured calls reports 1,024 final output elements checked; the source aborts on any mismatch and the launch exit is zero. Independent re-summing of all eight caller times in each of the 150 blocks found zero mismatches, and no failed traffic records appear in the completed phases.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
median ratio of first use against the best eligible local baseline26.9381107492 ratio30observed block median ratio on the inclusive first-use boundary
95th percentile ratio of first use against the best eligible local baseline30.832884097 ratio30observed block 95th percentile ratio on the inclusive first-use boundary
measured calls1200 calls1501,200 measured calls across 150 phase records
phase records150 blocks150phase records carrying eight measured calls each

Experimental limitations

  • The boundary includes artifact preparation and calibration, which are charged once and amortised across later blocks; it is not comparable with the steady figure.
  • Preparation and calibration are nested inside the inclusive first-use total, so the phase quantiles cannot be summed to the total.
  • The external scalar oracle and warm-up are included in this boundary.
  • All measured dispatcher choices were local; the ratio measures the cost of preparing and calibrating the remote path, not a placement win.
  • The historical failure of the first-use boundary is preserved rather than replaced by the steady-state pass.

Preparing, calibrating and first-touching the remote path costs about 27 times the local baseline at the median. Amortising that cost is a property of the workload shape and the preparation design, not evidence that the path is faster; the steady-state pass and this first-use failure are the two ends of the same measurement and both are published.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The complete cost of one whole experiment

The honest total is everything, so I added up setup, preparation, calibration, warm-up, every measured call, the external checks and cleanup for each arm.

Five arms over the same campaign: the calibrated prepared path, the local path, two forced worker arms and an uncalibrated arm.

The complete experiment cost about 14.6 times the local baseline at the median and 16.3 times at the 95th percentile, with absolute totals of 281 ms for the calibrated arm against 19 ms for the local arm and about 494 ms and 496 ms for the two forced worker arms.

The setup and preparation work dwarfs the steady cost by more than two orders of magnitude, and that is what decides whether the path is usable end to end.

Quantiles of nested phases cannot be added to the totals, so the absolute arm totals are the additive view, this covers the prepared CPU scope only with the accelerator arm held back, two workers shared one host, and every measured dispatcher decision chose local.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Calibrated prepared path, complete total281 ms
Local execution, complete total19 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Calibrated prepared path, complete total281 ms
Local execution, complete total19 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-prepared-s5-full-experiment
Original title
Prepared calibrated complete experiment phase, including every cost
Measurement boundary
The complete experiment boundary: preparation, calibration, warm-ups, every measured call, the external oracles, instrumentation and cleanup. The receipt also publishes the absolute totals per arm. This boundary failed the predeclared bounds.
Hardware
Two worker processes on one admitted CPU host, described in the receipt as correlated processes sharing the same hardware. The host is recorded as Ubuntu 24.04 with kernel 6.8 on EPYC-Genoa, with the Rust toolchain at 1.99.0 and one declared thread. The receipt states explicitly that this is not a heterogeneous resource set.
Software
A private immutable prepared plan retaining owned input identity plus live session, backend, memory, capability, affinity and freshness checks; one authoritative placement decision per two-GEMM region; a common optimised runner with a visible fallback trace.
Input
A small-integer N32 two-dependent-GEMM region executed as eight calls per block, with all 1,024 final output elements checked on every measured call.
Samples
1,200 measured calls, 450 warm-ups and 150 phase records across five arms of 30 paired blocks each. 240 calibrated measured rows with valid profiles and ages between 120 and 438 microseconds.
Statistical method
Nearest-rank block median and 95th percentile over 30 blocks, expressed as a ratio against the fixed named best eligible prepared local baseline, with a paired mean-ratio bootstrap of 10,000 resamples at a fixed seed.
Cold / warm state
The qualifying arm is the calibrated prepared steady state. Preparation and calibration costs are charged to a separate first-use boundary and are not folded into the steady figure.
Network
Loopback between the client and the two worker processes on the same host. Directional stream accounting excludes the enclosing transport overhead and private allocator peaks.
Serialization
Traffic records retain actual remote transfer and residency behaviour separately from dispatcher local behaviour. Per-call codec and transfer accounting is carried in the campaign receipts.
Correctness checks
Every one of the 1,200 measured calls reports 1,024 final output elements checked; the source aborts on any mismatch and the launch exit is zero. Independent re-summing of all eight caller times in each of the 150 blocks found zero mismatches, and no failed traffic records appear in the completed phases.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
median ratio of the complete experiment against the best eligible local baseline14.5754098361 ratio30observed block median ratio on the complete experiment boundary
95th percentile ratio of the complete experiment against the best eligible local baseline16.25606469 ratio30observed block 95th percentile ratio on the complete experiment boundary
complete experiment total, calibrated arm280.571 ms150summed total across the calibrated arm, all phases
complete experiment total, local arm18.966 ms150summed total across the local arm, all phases
complete experiment total, first forced worker arm493.861 ms150summed total across the first forced worker arm
complete experiment total, second forced worker arm496.184 ms150summed total across the second forced worker arm
complete experiment total, uncalibrated arm51.282 ms150summed total across the uncalibrated arm
measured calls1200 calls1501,200 measured calls across 150 phase records

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTScomplete experiment total, calibrated arm ÷ complete experiment total, local arm = 14.793367×93.240214% lower time for complete experiment total, local arm.

Experimental limitations

  • Quantiles of nested phases cannot be added to the complete total; the absolute arm totals are the additive view.
  • This is the prepared CPU scope only; a GPU arm was held.
  • All measured dispatcher choices were local; the result measures the cost of the complete prepared path rather than a placement win.
  • The complete-phase failure is preserved alongside the steady-state pass.
  • Two worker processes shared one host, so the topology remains degenerate.

Across the whole experiment the prepared path costs about 14.6 times the local baseline at the median and 16.3 times at the 95th percentile, while the local arm itself totals only about 19 ms and each forced worker arm about 0.5 s. The complete-phase cost is dominated by the non-steady boundaries: setup, preparation and calibration together exceed the steady cost by more than two orders of magnitude.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The prepared path once it is warm and calibrated

I wanted to know what the remote path costs when everything it needs is already in place, so I measured the steady state of a prepared and calibrated setup.

Eight calls per block against the best eligible local baseline, over 30 paired blocks, with all 1,024 output elements checked on every call.

The prepared path took 228 microseconds at the median and 259 at the 95th percentile against 211 and 228 locally, about 8 percent more at the median and 14 percent at the tail.

Within the overhead I was willing to accept, the prepared path behaves like local; that is a statement about overhead, not an acceleration.

This is the steady leg only, since the first-use and complete-experiment legs fail and are published separately; every measured dispatcher decision chose local, the paired interval's upper end sits above the median bound, and a thirty-block small-integer experiment is not a general guarantee.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Prepared path, median228 µs
Local execution, median211 µs
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Prepared path, median228 µs
Local execution, median211 µs
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-prepared-s5-steady-eight-call
Original title
Prepared calibrated steady-state eight-call workload, ratio against the best eligible local baseline
Measurement boundary
The steady-state leg of a prepared multi-resource qualification: a pre-built artifact is attached and calibrated before measurement, so the boundary deliberately excludes preparation and calibration cost. The ratio against the best eligible single target passed the predeclared bounds.
Hardware
Two worker processes on one admitted CPU host, described in the receipt as correlated processes sharing the same hardware. The host is recorded as Ubuntu 24.04 with kernel 6.8 on EPYC-Genoa, with the Rust toolchain at 1.99.0 and one declared thread. The receipt states explicitly that this is not a heterogeneous resource set.
Software
A private immutable prepared plan retaining owned input identity plus live session, backend, memory, capability, affinity and freshness checks; one authoritative placement decision per two-GEMM region; a common optimised runner with a visible fallback trace.
Input
A small-integer N32 two-dependent-GEMM region executed as eight calls per block, with all 1,024 final output elements checked on every measured call.
Samples
1,200 measured calls, 450 warm-ups and 150 phase records across five arms of 30 paired blocks each. 240 calibrated measured rows with valid profiles and ages between 120 and 438 microseconds.
Statistical method
Nearest-rank block median and 95th percentile over 30 blocks, expressed as a ratio against the fixed named best eligible prepared local baseline, with a paired mean-ratio bootstrap of 10,000 resamples at a fixed seed.
Cold / warm state
The qualifying arm is the calibrated prepared steady state. Preparation and calibration costs are charged to a separate first-use boundary and are not folded into the steady figure.
Network
Loopback between the client and the two worker processes on the same host. Directional stream accounting excludes the enclosing transport overhead and private allocator peaks.
Serialization
Traffic records retain actual remote transfer and residency behaviour separately from dispatcher local behaviour. Per-call codec and transfer accounting is carried in the campaign receipts.
Correctness checks
Every one of the 1,200 measured calls reports 1,024 final output elements checked; the source aborts on any mismatch and the launch exit is zero. Independent re-summing of all eight caller times in each of the 150 blocks found zero mismatches, and no failed traffic records appear in the completed phases.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
prepared applied whole-workload wait, median0.228 ms30nearest-rank block median, 228 microseconds
prepared applied whole-workload wait, 95th percentile0.259 ms30nearest-rank block 95th percentile, 259 microseconds
best eligible local whole-workload wait, median0.211 ms30nearest-rank block median, 211 microseconds
best eligible local whole-workload wait, 95th percentile0.228 ms30nearest-rank block 95th percentile, 228 microseconds
median ratio against the best eligible local baseline1.0805687204 ratio30observed block median ratio against the 1.10 bound
95th percentile ratio against the best eligible local baseline1.1359649123 ratio30observed block 95th percentile ratio against the 1.15 bound
paired mean-ratio interval, lower bound1.0469289615080855 ratio3010,000 paired resamples at the fixed seed
paired mean-ratio interval, upper bound1.1081226992587965 ratio3010,000 paired resamples at the fixed seed
measured calls1200 calls1501,200 measured calls across 150 phase records
warm-up records450 calls150untimed warm-up records in the campaign
phase records150 blocks150phase records carrying eight measured calls each
calibrated measured rows with valid fresh profiles240 calls150profile ages between 120 and 438 microseconds
forced worker regions executed480 calls150the recorded 240 real regions on each of two forced worker arms, summed

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSbest eligible local whole-workload wait, median ÷ prepared applied whole-workload wait, median = 0.92543860×8.0568720% higher time for prepared applied whole-workload wait, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSbest eligible local whole-workload wait, 95th percentile ÷ prepared applied whole-workload wait, 95th percentile = 0.88030888×13.596491% higher time for prepared applied whole-workload wait, 95th percentile.

Experimental limitations

  • This is the steady leg only. Preparation, calibration, refresh and full-experiment cost are charged elsewhere and fail.
  • All measured dispatcher choices were local; the result measures the cost of the remote path, not a placement win.
  • Real remote execution is proved separately by forced worker baselines and is not claimed here.
  • The paired mean-ratio interval upper endpoint exceeds the 1.10 median bound; the frozen decision rule uses observed quantiles with uncertainty disclosed rather than confidence-bound containment, so no robust population bound is claimed.
  • The result is a thirty-block small-integer experiment and is not a universal numerical or tail guarantee.
  • Retained payload and accounting are not an allocator, resident-set or enclosing transport trace.

In the prepared steady state the dispatcher path costs about 8 percent more than the best eligible local baseline at the median and about 14 percent at the 95th percentile, inside the predeclared 10 and 15 percent bounds. The paired mean-ratio interval is disclosed with an upper endpoint above the median bound. Nothing here is an acceleration claim: every measured choice was local, and the remote path exists only in the forced correctness arms.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The same steady state without a valid calibration

I wanted to know how much the calibration actually buys, so I kept the uncalibrated arm of the same campaign and read it on its own.

The uncalibrated steady arm against the same local baseline, inside the same campaign as the calibrated arm.

Its median ratio was 1.047, close to the local baseline, but its 95th-percentile ratio was 1.259, above the 1.15 tail limit I had set, so the arm failed exactly where the calibrated arm passed.

Calibration is what keeps the tail inside its limit; without it the average looks fine and the worst case does not.

This arm is not the one that met the criteria and is kept visible precisely because it failed, no criterion was widened to accommodate it, and every measured dispatcher decision chose local.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
median ratio of the uncalibrated steady arm against the best eligible local baseline1.05 (ratio)
95th percentile ratio of the uncalibrated steady arm against the best eligible local baseline1.26 (ratio)
complete experiment total, uncalibrated arm51.3 ms
measured calls1,200 calls
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-prepared-s5-unknown-steady
Original title
Uncalibrated steady-state eight-call workload, retained as a failing tail bound
Measurement boundary
The same steady-state boundary measured without a valid calibration. The qualifying arm is the calibrated one, so this arm is retained rather than promoted: its 95th percentile ratio breaches the tail bound and that failure is preserved.
Hardware
Two worker processes on one admitted CPU host, described in the receipt as correlated processes sharing the same hardware. The host is recorded as Ubuntu 24.04 with kernel 6.8 on EPYC-Genoa, with the Rust toolchain at 1.99.0 and one declared thread. The receipt states explicitly that this is not a heterogeneous resource set.
Software
A private immutable prepared plan retaining owned input identity plus live session, backend, memory, capability, affinity and freshness checks; one authoritative placement decision per two-GEMM region; a common optimised runner with a visible fallback trace.
Input
A small-integer N32 two-dependent-GEMM region executed as eight calls per block, with all 1,024 final output elements checked on every measured call.
Samples
1,200 measured calls, 450 warm-ups and 150 phase records across five arms of 30 paired blocks each. 240 calibrated measured rows with valid profiles and ages between 120 and 438 microseconds.
Statistical method
Nearest-rank block median and 95th percentile over 30 blocks, expressed as a ratio against the fixed named best eligible prepared local baseline, with a paired mean-ratio bootstrap of 10,000 resamples at a fixed seed.
Cold / warm state
The qualifying arm is the calibrated prepared steady state. Preparation and calibration costs are charged to a separate first-use boundary and are not folded into the steady figure.
Network
Loopback between the client and the two worker processes on the same host. Directional stream accounting excludes the enclosing transport overhead and private allocator peaks.
Serialization
Traffic records retain actual remote transfer and residency behaviour separately from dispatcher local behaviour. Per-call codec and transfer accounting is carried in the campaign receipts.
Correctness checks
Every one of the 1,200 measured calls reports 1,024 final output elements checked; the source aborts on any mismatch and the launch exit is zero. Independent re-summing of all eight caller times in each of the 150 blocks found zero mismatches, and no failed traffic records appear in the completed phases.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
median ratio of the uncalibrated steady arm against the best eligible local baseline1.0473933649 ratio30observed block median ratio
95th percentile ratio of the uncalibrated steady arm against the best eligible local baseline1.2587719298 ratio30observed block 95th percentile ratio, above the 1.15 bound
complete experiment total, uncalibrated arm51.282 ms150summed total across the uncalibrated arm, all phases
measured calls1200 calls1501,200 measured calls across 150 phase records

Experimental limitations

  • This arm is not the qualifying arm; it is retained to show the tail behaviour when calibration is absent.
  • Its tail failure is preserved and no criterion was narrowed to accommodate it.
  • The historical uncalibrated tail failure recorded at the qualification itself, a 95th percentile ratio of 1.2587719298, is retained alongside this arm.
  • All measured dispatcher choices were local.

Without calibration the median ratio is close to the local baseline but the 95th percentile ratio breaches the tail bound, so the uncalibrated arm fails where the calibrated arm passes. This is the reason the qualification names the calibrated arm explicitly and keeps the uncalibrated result visible rather than discarding it.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

How the local multiplication scales with threads

Every remote comparison is read against a local number, so I measured how that local number changes with thread count and under contention.

Square f32 and f64 multiplications at 256, 512, 1024 and 2048 elements per side, at one, two, four and eight threads, and once with the machine squeezed onto a single busy core.

The 2048 f32 case fell from 156 ms on one thread to 80, 44 and then 38 ms as threads increased, and squeezing the machine onto one busy core pushed the eight-thread figure back up to 66 ms; the f64 case went from 315 ms to 82 ms.

The local arithmetic flattens after four threads, and how loaded the machine is changes that baseline by roughly a factor of two, which changes every comparison built on top of it.

One node with eight dedicated cores and no accelerator, every repetition inside one warmed process so no start-up cost is separated, the contended case measures scheduling interference rather than fewer threads, and the large virtual size recorded beside the run is not a memory figure.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
2048 f32, 1 thread156 ms
2048 f32, 2 threads80.5 ms
2048 f32, 4 threads43.5 ms
2048 f32, 8 threads38.5 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
2048 f32, 1 thread156 ms
2048 f32, 2 threads80.5 ms
2048 f32, 4 threads43.5 ms
2048 f32, 8 threads38.5 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-cn-002-gemm-thread-scaling
Original title
Node GEMM microbenchmark across thread counts and under CPU contention
Measurement boundary
A standalone multiplication benchmark on one node, repeated at four thread counts on an otherwise idle machine and once with the machine contended to a single core. It characterises the local arithmetic cost that the remote arms are compared against.
Hardware
One node with 8 dedicated EPYC-Milan vCPUs, 30 GiB of memory, 4 GiB of swap and 225 GB of disk, running Ubuntu 26.04.1 with no accelerator present. The virtual size recorded alongside the eight-thread run is 1,286,156 kB.
Software
Optimised OpenBLAS 0.3.32 through the system CBLAS interface; the runtime binary compiled with Rust 1.99.1.
Input
Dense square f32 and f64 matrix multiplications of side 256, 512, 1024 and 2048, with alpha 1 and beta 0.
Samples
20 repetitions for sides 256, 512 and 1024 and 10 repetitions for side 2048, per thread configuration.
Statistical method
Median and 95th percentile per shape and thread configuration; the recorded 95th percentiles are quoted for the largest shape.
Cold / warm state
Every repetition runs in one warmed process. No cold-start cost is separated from the measured repetitions.
Network
None. This is a local arithmetic benchmark with no transport involved.
Serialization
None. The benchmark produces no request or response frame.
Correctness checks
The benchmark is not the subject of correctness. Its outputs are used elsewhere as the local reference for the comparison campaigns.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
2048 f32 GEMM, 1 thread, median156.4289 ms10median of 10 repetitions
2048 f32 GEMM, 2 threads, median80.5002 ms10median of 10 repetitions
2048 f32 GEMM, 4 threads, median43.5208 ms10median of 10 repetitions
2048 f32 GEMM, 8 threads, median38.4522 ms10median of 10 repetitions
2048 f32 GEMM, 8 threads on one contended core, median65.9984 ms10median of 10 repetitions
2048 f64 GEMM, 1 thread, median315.1201 ms10median of 10 repetitions
2048 f64 GEMM, 2 threads, median164.0491 ms10median of 10 repetitions
2048 f64 GEMM, 4 threads, median83.1243 ms10median of 10 repetitions
2048 f64 GEMM, 8 threads, median81.6981 ms10median of 10 repetitions
2048 f64 GEMM, 8 threads on one contended core, median124.2526 ms10median of 10 repetitions
1024 f32 GEMM, 1 thread, median19.5584 ms20median of 20 repetitions
1024 f32 GEMM, 2 threads, median9.9168 ms20median of 20 repetitions
1024 f32 GEMM, 4 threads, median5.2422 ms20median of 20 repetitions
1024 f32 GEMM, 8 threads, median5.2193 ms20median of 20 repetitions
1024 f32 GEMM, 8 threads on one contended core, median10.7429 ms20median of 20 repetitions
512 f32 GEMM, 1 thread, median2.4684 ms20median of 20 repetitions
512 f32 GEMM, 2 threads, median1.2564 ms20median of 20 repetitions
512 f32 GEMM, 4 threads, median0.6707 ms20median of 20 repetitions
512 f32 GEMM, 8 threads, median0.6931 ms20median of 20 repetitions
512 f32 GEMM, 8 threads on one contended core, median3.2269 ms20median of 20 repetitions
256 f32 GEMM, 1 thread, median0.3226 ms20median of 20 repetitions
256 f32 GEMM, 2 threads, median0.1727 ms20median of 20 repetitions
256 f32 GEMM, 4 threads, median0.0882 ms20median of 20 repetitions
256 f32 GEMM, 8 threads, median0.1079 ms20median of 20 repetitions
256 f32 GEMM, 8 threads on one contended core, median2.9923 ms20median of 20 repetitions

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTS2048 f32 GEMM, 1 thread, median ÷ 2048 f32 GEMM, 8 threads, median = 4.0681391×75.418737% lower time for 2048 f32 GEMM, 8 threads, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTS2048 f32 GEMM, 8 threads, median ÷ 2048 f32 GEMM, 8 threads on one contended core, median = 0.58262322×71.637514% higher time for 2048 f32 GEMM, 8 threads on one contended core, median.

Experimental limitations

  • The contended configuration is described as one contended core with eight threads, so it measures scheduling interference rather than a reduced thread count.
  • The virtual size recorded next to the eight-thread run is far larger than the resident set and is not a resident-memory figure.
  • Only the largest shape is quoted with its 95th percentile in the published rows; the smaller shapes are quoted at the median.
  • This is a node baseline and not evidence for the frozen useful-workload gate.

The local arithmetic cost falls steeply from one to four threads and then flattens, with the 2048 square f32 case moving from about 156 ms single-threaded to about 38 ms at eight threads. A one-core contention event roughly doubles the eight-thread result at the largest shape, so a shared host materially changes the local baseline against which any remote comparison is read.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Running the workload through a worker over the loopback interface

I wanted a clean baseline with no external link anywhere in it, so I compared three ways of running the same arithmetic on one quiet node.

In-process execution, a worker started fresh for each block, and a persistent worker, all over the loopback interface on a dedicated eight-core machine.

The local median was 766 ms while the fresh worker took 2.25 s and the persistent worker 2.22 s, so the worker path added roughly 1.45 seconds per workload.

On a single machine the cheapest eligible target for this workload was simply local, and I measured that rather than assuming it.

Only three of the four planned modes ran because the fixed provider image could not be bound on that operating system, two workers shared the host so no heterogeneous pairing is represented, and every dispatcher decision in the campaign chose local.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, median0.766 s
Fresh worker, median2.25 s
Persistent worker, median2.22 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, median766 ms
Fresh worker, median2.25 s
Persistent worker, median2.22 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-cn-s5-002-node-four-mode
Original title
Node four-mode comparison with local, process-cold and warm worker arms
Measurement boundary
A three-arm comparison on a single quiescent node over loopback: in-process local BLAS, a process-cold worker started per block, and a persistent worker. The resident-object arm was not part of this campaign because the pinned provider userland required for it was not yet in place on that node.
Hardware
A dedicated compute node with 8 dedicated EPYC-Milan vCPUs, 30 GiB of memory, 4 GiB of swap and 225 GB of disk, running Ubuntu 26.04.1 with no accelerator present.
Software
Optimised OpenBLAS 0.3.32 with 8 threads for the local arm; Rust toolchain 1.99.1; loopback transport; the admitted reference BLAS provider image could not be bound on this operating system, so the resident-object arm was not run.
Input
A 2048 by 2048 by 2048 f32 row-major GEMM per call, alpha 1, beta 0, eight calls per workload, with pseudo-random operands in the range 0.5 to 1.5 and a per-output digest recorded.
Samples
30 blocks of 8 calls per arm, with 3 untimed warm-ups per arm.
Statistical method
Nearest-rank 95th percentile and median over 30 blocks; paired median differences against the local arm with a 10,000-resample seeded bootstrap.
Cold / warm state
The cold arm starts a fresh worker process for every block over loopback; the warm arm reuses a persistent worker. The local arm executes in process with 3 untimed warm-ups.
Network
Loopback TCP only. No external link, no tunnel and no encryption overhead is involved.
Serialization
Not recorded as a separate figure in this campaign report.
Correctness checks
A f64 oracle on the 4 by 4 corner slice with the tolerance 1e-4 plus 1e-4 relative, plus a per-output SHA-256 digest. Every block in all three arms was oracle-true.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local whole-workload wait, median765.85 ms30arithmetic median of 30 blocks
local whole-workload wait, 95th percentile780.59 ms30nearest-rank 95th percentile of 30 blocks
cold worker whole-workload wait, median2246.09 ms30arithmetic median of 30 blocks
cold worker whole-workload wait, 95th percentile2267.04 ms30nearest-rank 95th percentile of 30 blocks
warm worker whole-workload wait, median2216.48 ms30arithmetic median of 30 blocks
warm worker whole-workload wait, 95th percentile2231.08 ms30nearest-rank 95th percentile of 30 blocks
paired difference of local over cold worker-1479.15 ms30paired median difference with a 10,000-resample seeded bootstrap
paired difference interval, lower bound-1482.24 ms3095 percent bootstrap interval
paired difference interval, upper bound-1476.24 ms3095 percent bootstrap interval
paired difference of local over warm worker-1446.77 ms30paired median difference with a 10,000-resample seeded bootstrap
paired difference interval, lower bound-1452.1 ms3095 percent bootstrap interval
paired difference interval, upper bound-1441.39 ms3095 percent bootstrap interval
measured calls per arm240 calls3030 blocks of 8 calls per arm, giving 240 measured calls per arm
measured blocks per arm30 blocks30blocks per arm

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal whole-workload wait, median ÷ cold worker whole-workload wait, median = 0.34097031×193.28067% higher time for cold worker whole-workload wait, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal whole-workload wait, 95th percentile ÷ cold worker whole-workload wait, 95th percentile = 0.34432123×190.42647% higher time for cold worker whole-workload wait, 95th percentile.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTScold worker whole-workload wait, median ÷ warm worker whole-workload wait, median = 1.0133590×1.3182909% lower time for warm worker whole-workload wait, median.

Experimental limitations

  • Three arms only; the resident-object arm was absent because the pinned admitted provider userland was not yet available on that node.
  • Two worker processes shared one host, so the topology is degenerate and no heterogeneous resource is represented.
  • Every measured dispatcher choice was local, so the result shows the cost of the worker path rather than a placement win.
  • This is a node baseline and not evidence for the frozen useful-workload gate.

The worker path adds roughly 1.45 to 1.48 seconds per workload of loopback transfer and protocol overhead against the in-process local arm, so the best eligible single target for this workload is local, measured rather than assumed. The comparison is between two implementations of the same arithmetic on one machine.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Adding the resident-operand mode once the worker could be bound

The missing mode was the one where an operand stays on the far side, so once the fixed provider image could run I repeated the four-way comparison with that mode included.

Four arms, local, fresh worker, persistent worker and resident operand, across 30 blocks with 960 checked calls.

The local workload median was 3.44 s and the three remote arms 30,347, 30,604 and 29.5 s, so the resident arm was about 7.6 times slower than local even though it avoided 117 MB of operand uploads per block, roughly 3.3 GB across the campaign.

Residency does what it is supposed to do on the bytes and still cannot overcome the per-call cost of materialising and returning a full result.

The live-binding offsets are tied to one processor variant so the result does not transfer to another host without a fresh admission profile, the worker header recorded a fixed shape regardless of the actual shape, two workers shared one host, and the acceptance criterion I set in advance was applied and failed.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, median workload3.44 s
Fresh worker, median workload30.3 s
Persistent worker, median workload30.6 s
Resident operand, median workload29.5 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, median workload3.44 s
Fresh worker, median workload30.3 s
Persistent worker, median workload30.6 s
Resident operand, median workload29.5 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-cn-s5-003-node-resident-four-mode
Original title
Node four-mode comparison with the resident-operand arm unblocked on the pinned provider userland
Measurement boundary
A four-arm comparison on the qualifying pinned userland: local, process-cold worker, persistent worker and a resident-object arm that uploads one operand once per block and then issues eight references. The frozen useful-workload gate was applied to the result and failed.
Hardware
The qualifying userland runs on an 8 dedicated EPYC-Milan vCPUs, 30 GiB of memory node running Ubuntu 26.04.1, with the worker executed under the pinned dynamic loader and the five digest-verified provider images: the admitted reference BLAS at 677,880 bytes, plus the pinned C library, math library, compiler runtime and loader. Live-binding offsets are pinned to one CPU variant, so a different host needs a new admission profile. The accelerator model is not applicable to this campaign.
Software
Rust toolchain 1.99.0 on the qualifying userland; the admitted reference BLAS provider; loopback transport. The worker starts and passes provider admission with a resident-set figure of 6 MB under a 256 MiB cap.
Input
A 2048 by 2048 by 2048 f32 row-major GEMM per call, alpha 1, beta 0, eight calls per workload.
Samples
120 measured trials across 30 blocks containing all four arms, plus 10 warm-up trials recorded in the same array. 960 measured calls, all correct.
Statistical method
Call median and workload median; paired median difference against the local arm with a 95 percent bootstrap interval.
Cold / warm state
Three untimed rehearsals precede the measured blocks. The cold arm restarts the worker process for every block; the resident arm uploads the resident operand once per block and clears residency and staging at block boundaries.
Network
Loopback only. A separate shaped-link campaign in the same receipt measures constrained rates and is recorded separately.
Serialization
Per-call framed traffic and logical byte counts are recorded. The resident arm skips the repeated operand upload on every call after the first, and the receipt records the skip flag on 264 resident call records.
Correctness checks
960 of 960 measured calls correct, against an independent single-thread direct-CBLAS reference plus an 8 by 8 f64 scalar slice per call. Object lifecycle was verified per trial with residency and staging counts returning to zero after release and exact execution, reference and byte counters.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local call wait, median422.27 ms240median of 240 measured calls
local whole-workload wait, median3438.94 ms30median of 30 blocks
cold worker call wait, median3792.46 ms240median of 240 measured calls
cold worker whole-workload wait, median30347.13 ms30median of 30 blocks
warm worker call wait, median3800.73 ms240median of 240 measured calls
warm worker whole-workload wait, median30604.44 ms30median of 30 blocks
resident object call wait, median3656.95 ms240median of 240 measured calls
resident object whole-workload wait, median29515.14 ms30median of 30 blocks
paired difference of cold worker over local26940.32 ms30paired median difference with a 95 percent bootstrap interval
paired difference interval, lower bound26812.22 ms3095 percent bootstrap interval
paired difference interval, upper bound27072.34 ms3095 percent bootstrap interval
paired difference of warm worker over local27146.47 ms30paired median difference with a 95 percent bootstrap interval
paired difference interval, lower bound26902.61 ms3095 percent bootstrap interval
paired difference interval, upper bound27300.53 ms3095 percent bootstrap interval
paired difference of resident object over local26072.52 ms30paired median difference with a 95 percent bootstrap interval
paired difference interval, lower bound25854.63 ms3095 percent bootstrap interval
paired difference interval, upper bound26244.82 ms3095 percent bootstrap interval
resident gate improvement recorded by the frozen criterion-7.58 ratio30recorded resident median improvement, negative, against the frozen gate
resident gate interval, lower bound-7.63 ratio30recorded 95 percent interval lower bound
resident gate interval, upper bound-7.49 ratio30recorded 95 percent interval upper bound
operand upload avoided per block117440512 bytes30seven 16 MiB uploads avoided against the cold arm
operand upload avoided across the measured blocks3523215360 bytes30net arm-versus-arm difference summed over 30 blocks
resident call records with the operand upload skipped264 calls264per-call skip flag across measured and warm-up resident trials
measured calls960 calls308 calls per block over 30 blocks, all oracle-correct

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal whole-workload wait, median ÷ cold worker whole-workload wait, median = 0.11332011×782.45593% higher time for cold worker whole-workload wait, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTScold worker whole-workload wait, median ÷ resident object whole-workload wait, median = 1.0281886×2.7415772% lower time for resident object whole-workload wait, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSwarm worker whole-workload wait, median ÷ resident object whole-workload wait, median = 1.0369065×3.5592875% lower time for resident object whole-workload wait, median.

Experimental limitations

  • The harness summary for the per-arm percentiles includes the 10 warm-up trials while the paired and gate analysis uses only blocks 0 to 29; both accounting methods are disclosed here.
  • The live-binding offsets are pinned to one CPU variant, so the result is not transferable to a different host without a new admission profile.
  • The frozen useful-workload gate was applied and failed; the receipt preserves that failure and makes no pass claim.
  • The runner header hardcoded a shape value regardless of the actual shape; this was corrected in the runner and the shape attributions here rest on the per-call durations and the recorded invocation arguments.
  • Two worker processes shared one host, so the topology remains degenerate.

The resident-operand arm is the fastest of the three remote arms and avoids about 117,440,512 bytes of operand upload per block, roughly 3.3 GiB across the 30 measured blocks, yet it remains about 7.6 times slower than the local arm. Residency therefore works as designed and is not sufficient to overcome the per-call materialisation and round-trip cost of this workload.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

What happens to the worker path on a deliberately slow link

I wanted to find where the service deadline and the transport limit actually bite, so I shaped the loopback traffic to two fixed rates and ran the worker arms against them.

At 10 KB/s and at 2 MB/s, using a 512-element shape that moves a manageable amount of data and a 2048-element shape that does not.

At 2 MB/s a local block took 33 ms against 16.8 s for the worker block, the per-call ceiling implied by the deadline was about 300 KB at 10 KB/s and about 60 MB at 2 MB/s, and the large shape needing 64 MB per call was refused rather than left hanging.

On a slow link the remote path cannot be exercised at large sizes at all; it refuses cleanly instead of stalling, which is the right behaviour but means there is nothing to compare.

The slowest profile is recorded as a refusal outcome rather than a timing distribution, the faster profile comes from a small number of rows, the ceilings are arithmetic from the stated rate and deadline rather than separate measurements, and an earlier local figure in the record was an unsupported transcription that has since been corrected.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, block wait at 2 MB/s0.0331 s
Worker, block wait at 2 MB/s16.8 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, block wait at 2 MB/s33.1 ms
Worker, block wait at 2 MB/s16.8 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-cn-s5-003-shaped-link
Original title
Worker arms under deliberately shaped network rates
Measurement boundary
The worker arms were exercised against loopback traffic shaped to two fixed rates to establish where the service deadline and the transport bound bite. Larger shapes at low rates are recorded as designed fail-closed behaviour rather than as wins.
Hardware
The same 8 dedicated EPYC-Milan vCPUs node running Ubuntu 26.04.1, with traffic shaping applied to the loopback interface. The qualifying pinned provider userland supplies the worker.
Software
A rate-limited loopback interface, the pinned admitted provider userland, and the runtime service deadline structure of a 30 second serve bound and a 120 second transport bound.
Input
Square f32 GEMM workloads of 128, 512 and 2048 elements per side, with the 2048 case moving approximately 64 MiB per call.
Samples
Three local blocks at the 10 KB/s profile; a single recorded per-block and per-call pair at the 2 MB/s profile; a fail-closed case at the 2 MB/s profile with the 2048 shape. Sample counts beyond these are not recorded.
Statistical method
Single recorded block and per-call medians at the 2 MB/s profile; the 10 KB/s profile is recorded as a pass or fail-closed outcome rather than a timing distribution.
Cold / warm state
Not recorded as a separate factor. The worker path at the 2 MB/s profile completes with a ready worker; the cold profile is not separately reported.
Network
Two shaped loopback rates: 10 KB/s and 2 MB/s.
Serialization
At the 2 MB/s profile the effective shaped rate moves approximately 4 MiB per call, which the receipt attributes to shaped-queue and transfer overhead rather than to arithmetic.
Correctness checks
Not the subject of this measurement. The cold and warm outcomes at the lowest rate are recorded as correct fail-closed refusals: a transport timeout, no fabricated result, and a documented fallback.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local whole-workload wait at 2 MB/s, 512 shape33.06 ms3recorded per-block value for the local arm at the 2 MB/s profile
local per-call wait at 2 MB/s, 512 shape4.1 ms3recorded per-call value, approximately 4.1 ms in process
warm worker per-call wait at 2 MB/s, 512 shape2100 msnot recordedrecorded per-call value, approximately 2,100 ms at the shaped rate
warm worker whole-workload wait at 2 MB/s, 512 shape16816.59 msnot recordedrecorded per-block median
per-call transfer ceiling at 10 KB/s within the serve deadline300000 bytes1arithmetic from the stated rate and the 30 second serve deadline
per-call transfer ceiling at 2 MB/s within the serve deadline60000000 bytes1arithmetic from the stated rate and the 30 second serve deadline
transfer per call at the 2048 shape67108864 bytes1approximately 64 MiB per call at the 2048 shape
serve deadline30000 ms1runtime service deadline
transport bound120000 ms1runtime transport bound

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal whole-workload wait at 2 MB/s, 512 shape ÷ warm worker whole-workload wait at 2 MB/s, 512 shape = 0.0019659158×50766.878% higher time for warm worker whole-workload wait at 2 MB/s, 512 shape.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal per-call wait at 2 MB/s, 512 shape ÷ warm worker per-call wait at 2 MB/s, 512 shape = 0.0019523810×51119.512% higher time for warm worker per-call wait at 2 MB/s, 512 shape.

Experimental limitations

  • The lowest-rate profile is recorded as a pass or fail-closed outcome, not as a latency distribution.
  • The 2 MB/s profile figures come from a small number of recorded rows; the block count for the remote arm is not recorded.
  • The receipt corrects an earlier transcription error: a stated 771.70 ms local figure was an unsupported transcription, and the receipt value of 33.06 ms per block is the one carried here.
  • The deadline-derived transfer ceilings are arithmetic from the stated rate and the serve deadline, not independent measurements.
  • Only the local arm completed at the lowest rate, so no remote comparison exists at that rate.

The service deadline structure bounds how much data a single call may move: about 300 KB at 10 KB/s and about 60 MB at 2 MB/s. A shape that needs more than that fails closed rather than hanging, which is the correct behaviour but means the remote arm cannot be exercised on a slow link at large sizes. The only usable remote point is the 2 MB/s profile, where the wait is dominated by shaped throughput.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

Killing the worker in the middle of a workload

A worker can die at any moment, so I killed one mid-workload and checked what the runtime reported and what the user ended up with.

One recorded workload with the worker killed after thirteen verified calls, followed by a local run of the same workload.

The runtime surfaced a transport error rather than inventing a result and exited with code 101, and the local run that followed completed the same workload correctly in 764 ms.

The fallback held under a real fault: nothing was fabricated, and the work still got done.

A single recorded workload with no rate or distribution, only the fallback leg has a duration while the killed leg has a call count so no ratio can be drawn between them, and this exercises one failure direction only.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
calls completed before the worker was killed13 calls
local fallback whole-workload wait764 ms
runner exit code after the transport error101 cases
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-cn-s5-003-worker-kill-fallback
Original title
Worker loss during a workload and the resulting local fallback
Measurement boundary
A worker was killed in the middle of a warm-arm workload to observe whether the runtime fabricates a result, reports the loss honestly and falls back to local execution with the same workload.
Hardware
The same node with the pinned admitted provider userland; no accelerator is involved.
Software
The runtime worker and its transport, with the shaped-link harness and the pinned userland.
Input
A 2048 by 2048 by 2048 f32 row-major workload; the recorded shape is 2048 because a script argument-position error originally placed the shape into the worker executable slot.
Samples
One recorded workload: 13 oracle-true calls before the worker was killed, then one local fallback workload.
Statistical method
Single recorded workload per leg; the fallback leg is recorded as a per-block median.
Cold / warm state
The worker was killed during a warm-arm workload. The fallback leg is a local execution.
Network
Loopback only. The failure mode is a worker loss, not a link change.
Serialization
Not recorded as a separate figure.
Correctness checks
The runtime returned a transport error with no fabricated result and the runner exited with code 101. The local fallback then executed the same workload and was oracle-correct.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
calls completed before the worker was killed13 calls1oracle-true calls recorded before the kill
local fallback whole-workload wait763.75 ms1recorded per-block median of the fallback leg
runner exit code after the transport error101 cases1exit code recorded when the transport error was surfaced

Experimental limitations

  • A single recorded workload; no rate or distribution.
  • The receipts header hardcoded a shape value regardless of the actual shape, so the shape attribution rests on the per-call durations and the recorded invocation arguments; the runner header was corrected afterwards.
  • Only the fallback leg has a per-block median; the killed leg has a call count.
  • This exercises one failure direction and not the full fault matrix.

A worker loss mid-workload is surfaced as a transport error rather than a fabricated result, and the runtime falls back to local execution, producing an oracle-correct workload. This is the fallback invariant holding under a real fault, not a performance result. The two recorded quantities are in different units, a call count and a block duration, so no arithmetic ratio is drawn between them.

Technical details and evidence
Incomplete experiment

A deliberately small accelerator probe, and why I stopped there

I wanted a first look at the accelerator without committing to the full campaign, so I ran two blocks and measured the host-side phases around the device.

Local execution against a non-resident remote run and a resident-operand remote run, two blocks of eight calls each.

The local median was 2.49 s, the non-resident remote 42.7 s and the resident remote 34.2 s, about 13.8 times the local time, while keeping one operand resident avoided 117 MB of uploads per workload and saved about a fifth of the traffic.

Even in a probe the upload and materialisation spans dominated while the device round trip stayed small, so the cost structure was already clear; I did not start the full campaign because it projected to run for over 70 minutes.

Two measured blocks only with no confidence interval, device-side phases were not recorded because the remote start-up dropped its timing argument, a larger-memory local configuration failed to allocate and produced no timing at all, and actual provider billing is recorded as unknown.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, median2.49 s
Resident remote execution, median34.2 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-s4-r4-gpu-diagnostic
Original title
Accelerator-first diagnostic comparison, two measured blocks
Measurement boundary
A deliberately bounded diagnostic on the frozen 2048-square eight-call workload, executed on an accelerator with the local baseline on a virtual private server. Full qualification was not launched. The disposition records a measured loss against the local baseline and a smaller saving against non-resident remote execution.
Hardware
The remote host exposes 7.56 GiB of memory, four EPYC-Genoa vCPUs and no swap, with sampled CPU utilisation around 99.7 percent and CPU pressure around 46 percent. The local workstation has an i7-8665U, four cores and eight threads, and 7.75 GiB of memory. The accelerator has compute capability 8.6 and driver 570.195.03. Neither machine was uncontended.
Software
Optimised OpenBLAS configured for four threads as the frozen local baseline, and a pinned serial reference BLAS as an alternative compute implementation. Compiler versions are not recorded in this receipt.
Input
Frozen 2048 by 2048 tensors, eight calls per workload, unchanged operand digests, 16 MiB materialised outputs.
Samples
Two diagnostic blocks of eight calls each, with a 48-call paired diagnostic containing 16 local calls. Ninety-six successful accelerator calls in total: 8 smoke, 56 warm-up and 32 measured.
Statistical method
Median of two measured blocks. There is no qualification confidence interval; the receipt states the two blocks are diagnostic observations only.
Cold / warm state
The cold rehearsal took 47.2692 seconds including start-up and teardown and is a single untimed rehearsal, not a measured cold distribution. The prescribed warm-up sequence took 307.321 seconds.
Network
Not recorded as a separate figure; host-side spans include transport and worker completion and are not disjoint pure network or pure kernel measurements.
Serialization
Raw f32 decoding occurs for uploads and this worker path contains no compression or decompression codec. Device counters record resident uploads of 272 MiB against 384 MiB for non-resident, with 128 MiB returned and 128 MiB of output cloned per workload.
Correctness checks
Every-element optimised BLAS checks and four f64 scalar reference positions were retained with absolute and relative tolerances of 1e-4. Stale-token rejection and owned process exits passed.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local whole-workload wait, median2487.6 ms2median of 2 measured blocks
warm remote whole-workload wait, median42675.9 ms2median of 2 measured blocks
resident whole-workload wait, median34244 ms2median of 2 measured blocks
resident improvement over local-1276.595 percent2percent change of the resident median against the local median
resident saving against non-resident remote19.758 percent2percent reduction of the resident median against the non-resident remote median
cold rehearsal, untimed47269.2 ms1single untimed rehearsal including start-up and teardown
prescribed warm-up sequence307321 ms1total elapsed time of the prescribed warm-up sequence
resident upload phase per call, mean2263.1 ms229mean host span across deduplicated diagnostic uploads
resident execution round trip per call, mean102.2 ms32mean host span across measured rows
resident materialisation round trip per call, mean1012.3 ms88mean host span across materialisations
resident independent verification per call, mean340.2 ms32mean host span across measured rows
resident releases per call, mean323.5 ms32mean host span across measured rows
non-resident upload per call, mean3389.7 ms32mean host span across measured rows
initial resident operand setup, first workload1801.8 ms1recorded host span
initial resident operand setup, second workload1716.7 ms1recorded host span
successful accelerator calls96 calls968 smoke, 56 warm-up and 32 measured calls
resident uploads per workload285212672 bytes2device counter total, 272 MiB
non-resident uploads per workload402653184 bytes2device counter total, 384 MiB
upload avoided per workload by residency117440512 bytes2seven 16 MiB operand uploads avoided
output returned per workload134217728 bytes2128 MiB
output cloned per workload134217728 bytes2128 MiB
device requested high-water71303168 bytes2device counter high-water
device requested ceiling134217728 bytes1requested device allocation ceiling
projected full qualification duration4227624 ms1projection recorded before declining to launch the full run

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal whole-workload wait, median ÷ resident whole-workload wait, median = 0.072643383×1276.5879% higher time for resident whole-workload wait, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSwarm remote whole-workload wait, median ÷ resident whole-workload wait, median = 1.2462300×19.757990% lower time for resident whole-workload wait, median.

Experimental limitations

  • Two measured blocks only; no qualification confidence interval and no statistical claim.
  • The full 30-block qualification was not attempted because the projected duration of 4,227,624 ms exceeded the remaining bounded time.
  • Native phase instrumentation was not enabled because the remote bootstrap dropped its timing argument, so accelerator initialisation, host-to-device copy, kernel and device-to-host spans are not recorded for this run.
  • A single larger-memory configuration of the local baseline failed to allocate and no valid timing was emitted from it; the exact requested workspace is not measured.
  • The direct accelerator store path does not invoke the immutable-result cache or a compression path.
  • Actual provider billing and provider timer enforcement are recorded as unknown.

On two blocks the resident mode was about 13.8 times slower than the local baseline while saving about a fifth of the traffic against non-resident remote execution. The per-call host spans show upload and materialisation dominating while the execute round trip is small, so the loss is again a data-movement cost rather than an arithmetic cost. The absence of native phase spans means the device-side portion of the wait cannot be separated from this evidence.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

The same four modes without a GPU in the picture

Before blaming the accelerator I wanted a comparison where the far side was the same kind of machine, so I ran the four-mode campaign on CPU only.

Local execution against a remote worker on the same shared virtual machine, over 30 blocks and 960 checked calls.

The local median was 3.52 s and the resident remote median 30.2 s, 8.6 times slower, and the separate accelerator attempt in the same record passed its small smoke test and then produced no measured blocks at all.

The remote path was slower than local even with no accelerator involved, so the gap belongs to the path rather than to the device.

The shared host's overlap is disclosed, so the slowdown is not an isolated-host causal estimate; the cause of the early stop was lost when an emergency restart overwrote the original record, the spend figure is an estimate with actual provider billing recorded as unknown, and nothing was left running at the end.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, median3.51 s
Resident remote execution, median30.2 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, median3.51 s
Resident remote execution, median30.2 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-s4-r3-cpu-four-mode
Original title
CPU-only four-mode comparison attempt, resident operand against local baseline
Measurement boundary
A CPU-only execution of the frozen four-mode comparison. The disposition records a completed 30-block campaign of 120 trials and 960 correct measured calls, then a separate accelerator-resident attempt that passed its eight-call smoke but produced no measured blocks. The overall requirement remained unmet.
Hardware
The comparison ran on a shared virtual private server; the core count, memory size and accelerator model are not recorded in this receipt. The receipt explicitly discloses that the shared qualification overlapped and that the result is not an isolated-host causal estimate.
Software
Optimised local baseline and a pinned serial reference BLAS provider used as the admitted local path; compiler and operating system versions are not recorded in this receipt.
Input
The frozen 2048-square f32 eight-call workload with full 16 MiB output materialisation, alpha 1, beta 0.
Samples
120 trials and 960 correct measured calls over 30 blocks; warm-up and rehearsal counts are not recorded in this receipt.
Statistical method
Whole-workload median wait and a paired 95 percent bootstrap interval on the improvement ratio.
Cold / warm state
Four modes were compared per block, including a process-cold mode. Warm-up counts and the reset procedure are not recorded in this receipt.
Network
Not recorded in this receipt.
Serialization
Not recorded in this receipt.
Correctness checks
960 measured calls recorded as correct against the full-output and scalar oracle. The separate accelerator-resident attempt passed an exact-source eight-call smoke with full-output and scalar oracle, released ownership, stale-token rejection and an identity-bound worker exit, but its full campaign stopped during the first resident warm-up after seven completed warm-ups with zero measured blocks.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local whole-workload wait, median3514.577 ms30arithmetic median of 30 blocks
resident whole-workload wait, median30220.935 ms30arithmetic median of 30 blocks
resident wait relative to local8.598739 ratio30ratio of the resident whole-workload median to the local median
paired improvement interval, lower bound-7.653039196 ratio3095 percent bootstrap interval on the improvement ratio
paired improvement interval, upper bound-7.560618264 ratio3095 percent bootstrap interval on the improvement ratio
measured calls960 calls308 calls per block over 30 blocks
trials120 blocks120trials recorded in the campaign

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal whole-workload wait, median ÷ resident whole-workload wait, median = 0.11629610×759.87403% higher time for resident whole-workload wait, median.

Experimental limitations

  • Shared-host overlap is disclosed in the receipt; the slowdown factor is not an isolated-host causal estimate.
  • The separate accelerator attempt produced zero measured blocks, so its numerical smoke result must not be read as campaign evidence.
  • The initiating cause of the early stop is recorded as unknown because the original native receipt was overwritten by an emergency monitor restart.
  • Estimated spend of 0.06192123695 currency units is recorded; actual provider billing is recorded as unknown.
  • No accelerator resource remained running at the end of the attempt.

The resident operand mode was about 8.6 times slower than the optimised local baseline on the same CPU host, which is a measured loss for this method and a larger loss than the later accelerator-backed attempts recorded elsewhere in this dataset. The receipt preserves a numerical smoke pass and a campaign failure in the same entry, and the failure is the part that counts.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

Checking the resident-object interface against a real accelerator

Before trusting the resident-object design on real hardware I wanted to see whether it behaves as specified, so I ran a conformance pass on an actual accelerator.

128 configurations covering precisions, layouts, transpose combinations, scalar pairs and padded tails, plus 22 cases designed to be refused at admission.

All 128 configurations passed with indices exactly 1 to 128 and all 22 refusals passed, allocation returned to zero at close, and the requested-owned high-water was about 4 MB against 46 GB of device memory.

The interface behaves as designed on real hardware, which qualifies its shape and nothing beyond that.

No device fault injection, lease or quota enforcement, eviction test or memory enforcement was exercised, the counters are interface counters rather than device memory enforcement, the cost figure is an estimate from a price readback rather than a billing record, and no general accelerator readiness is claimed.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Configurations passed128 cases
Refusals passed22 cases
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-a40-resident-conformance
Original title
Resident-object conformance on a real CUDA accelerator
Measurement boundary
A conformance run of the experimental resident-object interface against a real accelerator: 128 configuration vectors and 22 admission rejections, with device counters and a cost envelope. The run qualifies the interface shape on that hardware and nothing beyond it.
Hardware
One NVIDIA A40 with 46,068 MiB of memory, compute capability 8.6 and driver 570.195.03, on a kernel 6.8.0-60-generic host running Ubuntu 24.04 with glibc 2.39. The CUDA runtime library actually loaded by the conformance process was version 12.8.90, with the driver library, the BLAS library and the BLAS-lt library recorded by size. No compiler toolkit was present in the image, which the runtime design does not require.
Software
A runtime build compiled with the experimental resident feature explicitly enabled and default features off, using a pinned toolchain and 33 vendored dependency archives, with the lockfile byte-identical before and after the build.
Input
128 configuration vectors spanning f32 and f64, row-major and column-major layouts, no-transpose and transpose combinations on both operands, four alpha and beta pairs, and padded and unpadded tails. A separate set of 22 admission-rejection cases exercised the negative admission path.
Samples
128 conformance vectors and 22 admission rejections in one qualifying run. The earlier failed orchestration attempts are retained separately and are not counted.
Statistical method
Counts of passed vectors, passed rejections and device counter totals. No timing distribution is published.
Cold / warm state
Each vector was executed at three object versions, giving 384 executions and 1,152 references. No cold-start or steady-state split is published.
Network
Not recorded as a separate figure in this qualification.
Serialization
Not recorded as a separate figure in this qualification.
Correctness checks
The run reported all 128 vectors passing with indices exactly 1 to 128 and all 22 admission rejections passing, with the harness result and the admission result both reported. Requested-owned allocation returned to zero at clean close.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
conformance vectors passed128 cases128indices exactly 1 to 128 across dtypes, layouts, transposes, scalar pairs and padding
admission rejections passed22 cases22negative admission cases
requested-owned allocation high-water4195024 bytes128requested-owned device allocation high-water
requested-owned allocation at clean close0 bytes1requested-owned bytes at close
upload bytes credited32640 bytes128store-owned host-to-device counter after successful validated operations
device-to-device clone bytes credited24192 bytes128store-owned device-to-device counter
materialisation bytes credited56832 bytes128store-owned device-to-host counter
executions384 calls128128 vectors at three object versions
references1152 calls128references across the run
evictions0 calls128evictions recorded during the run
device total memory48305799168 bytes146,068 MiB reported by the device, expressed in bytes
envelope cost estimate0.091 usd1estimate from a price readback, not a billing receipt
envelope hard cap1 usd1the declared hard cap for the qualification envelope
elapsed across the short-lived instances1134000 ms618.9 minutes total across 6 instances against a 90 minute allowance

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSenvelope cost estimate ÷ envelope hard cap = 0.091000000×998.90110% higher value for envelope hard cap.

Experimental limitations

  • The resident feature is default-off and no worker advertises it.
  • This is a single experimental trusted in-process conformance, not a full acceptance of the accelerator gate.
  • There is no real device fault injection, lease or quota enforcement, pinned eviction test, physical copy tracing or private and global memory enforcement.
  • Requested-owned counters are interface counters and are not device memory enforcement.
  • The cost figure is an estimate from a price readback and is not a billing receipt; provider timer enforcement was not proved.
  • No general accelerator readiness is claimed.

The resident-object interface behaves as specified on real hardware across 128 configurations and 22 negative admissions, with allocation returning to zero on close and a requested-owned high-water of about 4 MB. The interface is qualified in shape. It is not qualified in fault behaviour, memory enforcement, performance or product readiness, and the source constant that records non-validation is carried unchanged.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

Checking each component on its own, then all four together

I wanted the component boundaries tested in isolation as well as in composition, so I built and tested each one separately and then the whole graph.

Contracts, codec, interception and runtime, each built twice from locked sources, and then the composed integration built twice.

The components passed their individual checks, and the combined build passed 145 tests per build. The standalone runtime builds had different test counts and were not claimed to be byte-identical; I kept those limits separate from the combined-build result.

The boundaries hold on their own and the composition reproduces them; the one soft spot is the runtime component, whose two builds produced different library bytes, so I record its compiled reproducibility as unclaimed rather than asserted.

Linux CPU only, with no Windows, accelerator or desktop conclusion implied; the codec package bytes are also not byte-deterministic and are bound by checksum instead, a first attempt at the codec component failed on offline dependency resolution and is kept, and one check in the independent review reused a result from before the composition.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Contracts tests passed13 cases
Composed integration tests passed, per build145 cases
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-component-qualification-counts
Original title
Independent qualification counts for the four extracted components and their composed integration
Measurement boundary
The build, test and reproducibility counts recorded for each component when it was extracted and qualified in isolation, and for the composed integration of all four. The published counts are the qualification evidence for the component boundaries, not performance results.
Hardware
An isolated Linux CPU container image with a pinned digest, 1 CPU, 1,536 MB of memory and memory swap, a process limit of 128, a 768 MB target temporary store and a 64 MB temporary store. Compiler toolchain differed by component: 1.90.0 for the codec component and 1.99.0 for the interception and runtime components.
Software
Rust 2024 edition crates with exact dependency pins, vendored offline sources, locked builds, and an internal dependency resolved by exact lock checksum to the qualified artifact of the dependency.
Input
Not applicable. These are source and test qualification counts, not workload measurements.
Samples
Two independent clean locked builds per component, plus two builds of the composed integration.
Statistical method
Counts of passed and failed test cases, build outcomes and reproducibility flags.
Cold / warm state
Not applicable.
Network
No network use at build or test time; the container ran with no network and the dependency registry index was never consulted.
Serialization
Not applicable.
Correctness checks
Each component ran its retained test vectors unchanged from the frozen source, and the composed integration re-ran all four component suites plus a consumer probe and the ported interception scripts.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
contracts unit tests passed13 cases113 passed and 0 failed, with a compiler-resolved API comparison
codec component tests passed per build18 cases218 passed and 0 failed on each of two builds
interception component tests passed per build39 cases239 passed and 0 failed on each of two builds
frozen interception validation scripts passed7 cases17 passed and 0 failed, including malformed and truncated failure modes
runtime component tests passed, first build70 cases170 passed and 0 failed
runtime component tests passed, second build61 cases161 passed and 0 failed
composed integration tests passed per build145 cases213 contracts, 18 codec, 70 runtime, 39 interception and 5 consumer probe
composed integration interception scripts passed6 cases16 passed and 0 failed
packages in the composed lock27 cases127 of 27 verified acyclic by topological sort
release files staged and hash recorded22 cases122 staged files recorded with digests before promotion
codec component compiled reproducibility1 cases21 denotes byte-identical library artefacts across both builds
interception component compiled reproducibility1 cases21 denotes byte-identical library and shared-library artefacts across both builds
runtime component compiled reproducibility0 cases20 denotes not claimed for this component; both differing digests are retained
codec component crate byte reproducibility0 cases10 denotes crate bytes are not byte-deterministic across runs; the admission archive is bound by checksum

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTScodec component tests passed per build ÷ composed integration tests passed per build = 0.12413793×705.55556% higher value for composed integration tests passed per build.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSruntime component tests passed, first build ÷ composed integration tests passed per build = 0.48275862×107.14286% higher value for composed integration tests passed per build.

Experimental limitations

  • Scope is isolated Linux CPU only; no Windows, accelerator, desktop or publication qualification is inferred.
  • The runtime component records compiled reproducibility as not claimed, because its two host-side builds produced different library digests; both digests are retained.
  • The codec component records its crate bytes as non-reproducible, with the single admission archive bound by checksum in the run that produced it.
  • A first attempt at the codec component failed on offline resolution of the internal dependency and that failure is retained.
  • The contracts component had already been published, so its later additions are additive overlay files only.
  • Independent review of the composed integration accepted the result but disclosed that one check reused a pre-composition receipt and that a large-message assertion was made on the compression path within the frame bound.

Each component was qualified in isolation and then qualified again inside the composed graph, which is the shape of the claim: the boundaries hold and the composition reproduces them. The published counts also show exactly where the evidence is thinner, which is the runtime component, whose compiled reproducibility is recorded as unclaimed rather than asserted.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Sending a fixed matrix multiplication to a GPU and waiting for it

The first thing I wanted to know was whether moving this fixed workload to an accelerator could beat a good local library, so I ran a four-mode comparison over 30 blocks.

Local execution against a remote accelerator in three states, a fresh remote session, a warm remote session, and a remote session with one operand kept resident, with each block running all four modes in a rotated order.

The local median was 1.76 s and the resident remote median 13 s, about 7.4 times slower, and the improvement I had required in advance was nowhere near being met.

For this workload and this method, moving the work to an accelerator lost badly, and that is a statement about the method and the envelope rather than about the hardware.

The local baseline ran on a shared host whose contention I did not measure, the remote wait included a serial reference computation that I did not subtract, the collection process needed a limited recovery afterwards, and cleanup was verified at one instant only.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, median1.76 s
Resident remote execution, median13 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, median1.76 s
Resident remote execution, median13 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-s4-r13-gpu-four-mode
Original title
Four-mode whole-workload comparison against an accelerator backend, attempt R13
Measurement boundary
One resident-operand accelerator backend compared with an optimised local baseline on the frozen 2048-square eight-call workload, with four execution modes per block: local, process-cold remote, warm remote and warm remote with one resident operand. The independent gate decision recorded a performance failure and left the useful-workload requirement unmet.
Hardware
Local baseline: an optimised system BLAS identified in the raw record as OpenBLAS 0.3.26 with a dynamic architecture build, no affinity, a Cooperlake target string and a MAX_THREADS=64 library capacity string; the host CPU model and core count are not recorded in this receipt. Remote backend: one CUDA accelerator with compute capability 8.6 and 46,068 MiB of memory, driver 570.195.03, kernel 6.8.0-60-generic. The accelerator model name and the local host memory size are not recorded.
Software
Runtime and worker binaries built from one pinned source commit; a compiled native BLAS provider. Compiler and operating system of the remote host are not recorded in this receipt.
Input
One row-major f32 GEMM of 2048 by 2048 by 2048 per call, alpha 1, beta 0, eight sequential calls per workload, each requesting the full 16 MiB output. Operand and output digests are recorded for every call. The generator seed and the operand source bytes are recorded in the raw document but are not restated here.
Samples
30 measured blocks, each containing all four modes once in a rotated order, plus 10 untimed warm-up or rehearsal trials; 960 measured calls in total.
Statistical method
Nearest-rank 95th percentile and arithmetic median over 30 blocks. Paired differences against the local mode use a 10,000-resample percentile bootstrap with a recorded deterministic seed.
Cold / warm state
Three untimed warm-up workloads per non-cold mode are excluded from the results. The cold mode is process-cold: one untimed process-cold rehearsal, then a process reset before every measured cold trial. Mode-specific state is released at block boundaries and the process, worker, session and epoch identifiers are recorded so independence can be audited.
Network
Not recorded as a separate figure. Framed application-stream bytes are recorded per call and per block; physical link, encryption and retransmission overhead are not recorded.
Serialization
Per-call framed traffic is recorded in the raw document as approximately 33,555,529 bytes transmitted and 16,777,715 bytes received for a remote call. Logical payload sizes are recorded separately from framed sizes, and the two are not interchangeable.
Correctness checks
Every measured call was checked against a high-precision scalar oracle on a deterministic input slice and against an independently optimised local result for the full output, with the tolerance 1e-4 absolute plus 1e-4 relative and no non-finite values accepted. All 960 call-level checks and all 30 block-level proofs passed, and no call or block proof failed.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local whole-workload wait, median1762.5130985 ms30arithmetic median of 30 blocks
local whole-workload wait, 95th percentile1915.174941 ms30nearest-rank 95th percentile of 30 blocks
resident whole-workload wait, median13033.702884 ms30arithmetic median of 30 blocks
resident whole-workload wait, 95th percentile13584.58596 ms30nearest-rank 95th percentile of 30 blocks
paired improvement of local over resident-6.3949537708925 ratio30paired median difference divided by the local median, with a 10,000-resample bootstrap at the recorded seed
paired improvement interval, lower bound-6.656731866751922 ratio3095 percent bootstrap interval, 10,000 resamples
paired improvement interval, upper bound-6.202670974245489 ratio3095 percent bootstrap interval, 10,000 resamples
resident wait relative to local7.395 ratio30ratio of the resident whole-workload median to the local median
measured calls960 calls308 calls per block over 30 blocks
measured blocks30 blocks30blocks retained in the raw document
untimed warm-up and rehearsal trials10 blocks10trials recorded but excluded from the result

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal whole-workload wait, median ÷ resident whole-workload wait, median = 0.13522735×639.49538% higher time for resident whole-workload wait, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal whole-workload wait, 95th percentile ÷ resident whole-workload wait, 95th percentile = 0.14098147×609.31306% higher time for resident whole-workload wait, 95th percentile.

Experimental limitations

  • The recorded local baseline runs on a shared host whose contention was not measured for this attempt, so the ratio is not an isolated-host causal estimate.
  • The remote wait includes a serial complete local reference computation inside each remote call; that structural cost explains the direction of the result but was not subtracted from the recorded measurement.
  • The parent collection process did not exit normally and required a bounded read-only recovery; the recovered bytes were hash-verified, so this is evidence retrieval rather than a workload replay, and no normal collection-reliability result is claimed.
  • Cleanup was verified point in time only; provider timer enforcement and billing finality are not recorded.
  • Two blocks are the whole of the diagnostic evidence in a later related attempt; this attempt is the full 30-block campaign.

The resident-operand mode was about 7.4 times slower than the local baseline on this workload and method. The frozen gate required the resident mode to improve the whole-workload median by at least 20 percent with a bootstrap lower bound above zero and a 95th percentile within 10 percent of the local 95th percentile; all three criteria failed. The result is a measured loss for this method and envelope, not a claim about accelerator hardware.

Technical details and evidence
Performance

Repeating the accelerator comparison and taking it apart phase by phase

The first comparison left me unsure where the time actually went, so I repeated it with a full breakdown of each remote call into upload, materialisation, execution and release.

The same fixed workload across four modes over 30 blocks, now with per-call and per-block phase timings for the remote modes.

The local median was 1.75 s, the cold remote 18.3 s, the warm remote 16.3 s and the resident remote 12.9 s, 7.4 times the local time, and per call the upload took about 905 ms and materialisation about 347 ms while the arithmetic itself took roughly 30 ms.

The loss was almost entirely data movement and the cost of keeping state alive between calls; the arithmetic was the smallest part of the wait.

The collection process failed and needed a hash-verified recovery, the shared local host's contention was not measured, the serial reference computation inside each remote call was not subtracted, and provider timer enforcement and billing finality are not recorded.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution, median1.75 s
Cold remote execution, median18.3 s
Warm remote execution, median16.3 s
Resident remote execution, median12.9 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution, median1.75 s
Cold remote execution, median18.3 s
Warm remote execution, median16.3 s
Resident remote execution, median12.9 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-s4-r14-gpu-four-mode
Original title
Four-mode whole-workload comparison against an accelerator backend, attempt R14
Measurement boundary
A repeat of the frozen four-mode comparison with the same 2048-square eight-call workload, adding a full per-call and per-block phase decomposition of the remote modes. The independent gate decision recorded a performance failure and left the useful-workload requirement unmet. The raw result document is an error wrapper; the complete losing measurements are retained inside its partial field.
Hardware
Local baseline: an optimised system BLAS identified in the raw record as OpenBLAS 0.3.26 with a dynamic architecture build, no affinity, a Cooperlake target string and a MAX_THREADS=64 library capacity string; host CPU model and core count are not recorded. Remote backend: one CUDA accelerator with compute capability 8.6, 46,068 MiB of memory, driver 570.195.03. The accelerator model name is not recorded in this receipt.
Software
Runtime and worker binaries built from one pinned source commit with a compiled native BLAS provider; the compiler and operating system of the local host are not recorded.
Input
One row-major f32 GEMM of 2048 by 2048 by 2048 per call, alpha 1, beta 0, eight sequential calls per workload, each requesting the full 16 MiB output, with operand and output digests recorded for every call.
Samples
30 measured blocks, each containing all four modes once in a rotated order, plus 10 untimed warm-up or rehearsal trials; 960 measured calls in total.
Statistical method
Nearest-rank 95th percentile and arithmetic median over 30 blocks. Paired differences against the local mode use a 10,000-resample percentile bootstrap at the recorded deterministic seed 1395928370.
Cold / warm state
Three untimed warm-up workloads per non-cold mode are excluded. The cold mode is process-cold with one untimed rehearsal and a reset before every measured cold trial. Resident state is released at block boundaries.
Network
Not recorded as a separate figure. Framed application-stream bytes are recorded per call and per block; physical link, encryption and retransmission overhead are not recorded.
Serialization
Remote call traffic is recorded per call as approximately 33,555,529 bytes transmitted and 16,777,715 bytes received, with logical payload, packed and framed byte counts kept separate. Per-block transmitted traffic reaches approximately 2.43 GB.
Correctness checks
Every measured call was checked against a high-precision scalar oracle on a deterministic input slice and against an independently optimised local result for the full output, with the tolerance 1e-4 absolute plus 1e-4 relative and no non-finite values accepted. All 960 call-level flags and all 30 block-level lifecycle flags were independently confirmed.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
local whole-workload wait, median1751.910585 ms30arithmetic median of 30 blocks
local whole-workload wait, 95th percentile1920.826496 ms30nearest-rank 95th percentile of 30 blocks
cold remote whole-workload wait, median18264.801124999998 ms30arithmetic median of 30 blocks
cold remote whole-workload wait, 95th percentile19582.365772 ms30nearest-rank 95th percentile of 30 blocks
warm remote whole-workload wait, median16250.157567 ms30arithmetic median of 30 blocks
warm remote whole-workload wait, 95th percentile20768.513675 ms30nearest-rank 95th percentile of 30 blocks
resident remote whole-workload wait, median12887.3775365 ms30arithmetic median of 30 blocks
resident remote whole-workload wait, 95th percentile13229.34361 ms30nearest-rank 95th percentile of 30 blocks
paired improvement of local over resident-6.356184526106965 ratio30paired median difference divided by the local median
paired improvement interval, lower bound-6.5688903955180145 ratio3095 percent bootstrap interval, 10,000 resamples, seed 1395928370
paired improvement interval, upper bound-6.196642972433452 ratio3095 percent bootstrap interval, 10,000 resamples, seed 1395928370
resident wait relative to local7.356 ratio30ratio of the resident whole-workload median to the local median
paired cold remote difference against local16544.221208000003 ms30paired median difference with a 10,000-resample bootstrap
paired warm remote difference against local14515.945169999999 ms30paired median difference with a 10,000-resample bootstrap
paired resident difference against local11200.7173465 ms30paired median difference with a 10,000-resample bootstrap
resident upload phase per call905 ms960range 905 to 982 ms across calls in the recorded phase decomposition
resident materialisation phase per call347 ms960range 347 to 531 ms across calls in the recorded phase decomposition
resident execute phase per call30 ms960approximately 30 ms, recorded as the dominant share of the wait being outside compute
measured calls960 calls308 calls per block over 30 blocks
measured blocks30 blocks30blocks retained in the raw document

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal whole-workload wait, median ÷ resident remote whole-workload wait, median = 0.13594004×635.61845% higher time for resident remote whole-workload wait, median.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSlocal whole-workload wait, 95th percentile ÷ resident remote whole-workload wait, 95th percentile = 0.14519439×588.73184% higher time for resident remote whole-workload wait, 95th percentile.

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTScold remote whole-workload wait, median ÷ warm remote whole-workload wait, median = 1.1239769×11.030197% lower time for warm remote whole-workload wait, median.

Experimental limitations

  • The parent collection process failed and required a bounded read-only recovery with hash verification of twelve result documents; this is evidence retrieval rather than a workload replay and no normal collection-reliability result is claimed.
  • Cleanup was verified point in time only; provider timer enforcement and billing finality are not recorded.
  • The recorded local baseline ran on a shared host whose contention was not measured for this attempt.
  • The remote wait includes a serial complete local reference computation inside each remote call; that structural cost was not subtracted from the recorded measurement.
  • A recorded negative local choice and an unfavourable natural link case are present in the raw evidence as diagnostic cases rather than timed wins.

The resident-operand mode was about 7.36 times slower than the local baseline, and the cold and warm remote modes were slower still. The phase decomposition shows that the remote execute step is roughly 30 ms per call while upload, materialisation, verification and release together account for the overwhelming majority of the wait, so the loss is a transport and residency-persistence problem rather than an arithmetic problem. The frozen gate failed on all three criteria: median improvement, bootstrap lower bound and the 95th percentile ceiling of 2,112.9091456 ms.

Technical details and evidence
Functional check

The whole product path: provisioning, authentication, a real remote job

I wanted to see whether the product works end to end for a user rather than in pieces, so I provisioned the credential carrier, ran a real remote computation and then broke the session in two ways.

One successful remote job of a 2048-square multiplication, one test with the carrier removed mid-job, and one forced host-process termination.

The remote job returned in 100 ms with the expected result and a zero exit code; removing the carrier mid-job made the client revoke the compute, deny capability and exit non-zero while the provider reported the job cancelled, and killing the host released the lease within eight seconds.

The interesting result is the failure behaviour: the credential can be pulled out from under a running job and the job is cancelled rather than left running, and a killed host leaves nothing active behind it.

One successful job and one removal event with no distribution, the result's checksum is recorded but no independent numerical reference is published for it, a second physical machine was not available, and the forced-termination test used a stand-in allocation so it proves the lease path rather than a real provider teardown.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
external computation execution time100 ms
matrix side length2,050 cases
successful external jobs1 calls
successful local fallback on carrier removal1 cases
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
rt-product-connectivity-auth-session
Original title
Product connectivity, authentication and session lifecycle on removable-media provisioning
Measurement boundary
The product path end to end on a personal machine: a removable credential carrier is discovered and provisioned, the client authenticates with the service, a real external computation runs, and the session is released. The receipt also records what happens when the carrier is removed mid-job and when the host process is forcibly terminated.
Hardware
A personal Windows machine with an integrated GPU and no accelerator tooling available on it. The external computation ran on a separate rented accelerator with 32 GB of memory, reported as an RTX 5090.
Software
The desktop client, the service backend that holds the provider credential, and the external compute provider. The provider required its own server-side key before it would start a job.
Input
A single 2048 by 2048 matrix multiplication submitted through the client, with the checksum of the returned result recorded.
Samples
One successful external job, one mid-job carrier removal, and one forced host-process termination test.
Statistical method
Single recorded values for the successful job. The lease path is recorded as a bounded interval rather than a distribution.
Cold / warm state
The recorded job is a single cold external submission. No warm reuse is recorded.
Network
The client contacts the service endpoint, which holds the provider credential and submits the external job. The receipt does not record transport byte counts.
Serialization
Not recorded as a separate figure. The returned result carried a checksum and an execution time.
Correctness checks
The external job returned the expected matrix size and a recorded checksum with a container exit code of zero and a completed provider status. On carrier removal the client reported the removal, revoked compute, denied capability and exited non-zero, the service recorded the compute session as released and revoked, and the provider reported the job cancelled with the reason that the credential lease had ended.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
external computation execution time100.43 ms1single recorded value returned with the job result
matrix side length2048 cases12048 by 2048 matrix multiplication
successful external jobs1 calls1one job completed with a zero container exit code
successful local fallback on carrier removal1 cases1client revoked compute, denied capability and exited non-zero
forced host-termination lease bound8000 ms1the recorded eight-second backend lease path, expressed in milliseconds
backend release test cases passed7 cases17 tests covering marker parsing, discovery, URL restrictions, path escaping and secret redaction

Experimental limitations

  • One successful job and one removal event; no distribution.
  • The checksum is recorded, but the receipt does not publish an independent numerical oracle for the returned result.
  • A second physical machine was not available, so second-machine hardware execution remains pending.
  • The forced-termination test used a mock allocation, so it validates the lease path rather than a real provider teardown.
  • The provider billing record is not published.
  • This is a product validation record from 2026-09-06 and predates the component qualification work elsewhere in this dataset.

The product path works end to end at the functional level: provisioning, authentication, an external computation that completed, and a release. The interesting result is the failure path, where removing the credential carrier mid-job revoked the compute session and cancelled the external job rather than leaving it running, and where forcibly terminating the host released the lease within eight seconds with no session left active.

Technical details and evidence

Fusion Alpha

Research article ↗
Incomplete experiment

A study that never started

I planned a larger policy study with 24 conditions, and I want the record to show that it did not happen rather than quietly leaving it out.

Nothing to compare, because the machine disappeared before the first measurement.

Zero conditions were measured against 24 planned; the 42 MB bundle transferred successfully and the device preflight passed, then the instance vanished.

There is no result here at all, and recording it as an empty study keeps the later numbers honest.

The folder chronology and the failed preflight are not a completed benchmark, and no replacement machine or synthetic result was substituted for the missing data.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Conditions measured0 conditions
Conditions planned24 conditions
Bundle transferred42.3 MB
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-study-b-termination
Original title
Study B v1: no conditions measured
Measurement boundary
Infrastructure failure before experiment bootstrap.
Hardware
RTX 5090 observed during preflight.
Software
CUDA 12.8; PyTorch 2.7.1+cu128.
Input
not recorded
Samples
0 measured conditions.
Statistical method
Single recorded run unless stated otherwise.
Cold / warm state
not recorded
Network
not recorded
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
No workload correctness measurement occurred.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Measured conditions0 conditionsnot recordedrecorded value
Planned conditions24 conditionsnot recordedrecorded value
Transferred bundle42256285 bytesnot recordedrecorded value

Experimental limitations

  • Folder chronology and failed preflight are not benchmark completion.
  • No replacement allocation or synthetic result substituted.

The bundle transfer and CUDA preflight succeeded, but the instance disappeared before measurements. This supplies no policy or performance result.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

Testing placement policies on data they had not seen

Before trusting the placement logic I wanted to see how it behaved on held-out decisions, so I ran four policies over a counterbalanced set.

Always local, the combined policy, always the fastest available resource and always remote, three counterbalanced repetitions each.

Always-local had a median of 19.0 ms, the combined policy 19.8 ms, the fastest-resource policy 22.4 ms and always-remote 122.0 ms.

On the held-out median the placement logic did not beat simply staying local, which is the honest negative result I kept.

Three repetitions, the raw held-out data were not kept so this comes from the original report, and this is decision-quality evidence rather than evidence about external hardware.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Always local19 ms
Combined policy19.8 ms
Fastest resource22.4 ms
Always remote122 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Always local19 ms
Combined policy19.8 ms
Fastest resource22.4 ms
Always remote122 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-heldout-policies
Original title
Counterbalanced held-out loopback policies
Measurement boundary
Held-out v3 policy study on the loopback decision corpus.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
not recorded
Input
not recorded
Samples
3 counterbalanced repetitions per strategy.
Statistical method
Recorded policy medians.
Cold / warm state
not recorded
Network
Loopback.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
All outputs correct.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
All-local18.991 ms3median
Fusion19.833 ms3median
Fastest-resource policy22.433 ms3median
Remote-only122.027 ms3median

Experimental limitations

  • Original engineering report retained; raw held-out-v3 file is absent from this checkout.
  • No broad planner generalisation from three repetitions.

The planner did not beat all-local on the held-out median. This is decision-quality evidence, not external GPU evidence.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

The dedicated resident machine at a much larger size

I repeated the same resident comparison with far more data to find where the remote side finally overtakes the local machine.

One local run against one remote run on the dedicated machine with the input already loaded, wall time and device compute recorded separately.

The local run took 2.99 s and the resident remote 931 ms, a win of about three times, while the device's own compute was 70 ms.

Together with the smaller case this is the whole story: residency plus size is where the remote path earns its place, and neither factor is sufficient alone.

One observation per side, the input size comes from the accompanying report rather than being repeated in the raw comparison, and wall time and compute time must not be interchanged; neither figure includes moving fresh input across the network.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local wall time2.99 s
Resident remote wall time0.931 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local wall time2.99 s
Resident remote wall time931 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-persistent-large
Original title
Persistent GPU resident comparison: 262144 values
Measurement boundary
Resident-input wall-time comparison, with compute-only sub-intervals recorded separately.
Hardware
Persistent NVIDIA RTX 5090, 32,607 MiB VRAM; driver 580.178.04.
Software
CUDA 12.8; PyTorch 2.11.0+cu128 (campaign report).
Input
262,144 resident values; intensity 4096 (campaign context).
Samples
1 local and 1 remote wall observation.
Statistical method
Single recorded run unless stated otherwise.
Cold / warm state
Input already resident in GPU memory; 0 host-to-device uploads.
Network
Remote wall includes request/return. Fresh ingress excluded; separate campaign report records approximately 39 s for 5.3 MB.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Campaign reports correct outputs and retained resident object identity.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Local wall2993.3796 ms1recorded value
Resident remote wall931.2212 ms1recorded value
Local compute2992.952000000001 ms1recorded value
GPU compute70.17317399731837 ms1recorded value

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSLocal wall ÷ Resident remote wall = 3.2144668×68.890641% lower time for Resident remote wall.

Experimental limitations

  • Not a 20-block held-out campaign.
  • Warm compute and wall time must not be interchanged.
  • Input size comes from the accompanying original campaign report; the raw comparison pins input identity but does not repeat its size.

Residency is a condition of this test. The smaller resident case loses; the larger one wins at this boundary. Neither includes fresh-input WAN staging.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

A dedicated machine with its input already resident, at a small size

I kept a GPU running with its input already loaded to take acquisition out of the comparison entirely, and started with a small case.

One local run against one remote run on the dedicated machine, measuring the whole-request wall time with the device compute recorded separately.

The local run took 666 ms and the remote 805 ms, so the resident remote case still lost even though the device's own compute was 54 ms.

Residency helps but is not sufficient: at this size the request and the return still cost more than the local computation.

A single observation on each side, with the input size taken from the accompanying report rather than repeated in the raw comparison; wall time and compute time are different things and must not be swapped, and neither figure includes moving fresh input across the network.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local wall time666 ms
Resident remote wall time805 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local wall time666 ms
Resident remote wall time805 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-persistent-small
Original title
Persistent GPU resident comparison: 4096 values
Measurement boundary
Resident-input wall-time comparison, with compute-only sub-intervals recorded separately.
Hardware
Persistent NVIDIA RTX 5090, 32,607 MiB VRAM; driver 580.178.04.
Software
CUDA 12.8; PyTorch 2.11.0+cu128 (campaign report).
Input
4,096 resident values; intensity 4096 (campaign context).
Samples
1 local and 1 remote wall observation.
Statistical method
Single recorded run unless stated otherwise.
Cold / warm state
Input already resident in GPU memory; 0 host-to-device uploads.
Network
Remote wall includes request/return. Fresh ingress excluded; separate campaign report records approximately 39 s for 5.3 MB.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Campaign reports correct outputs and retained resident object identity.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Local wall666.2844 ms1recorded value
Resident remote wall805.4838000000001 ms1recorded value
Local compute666.2271 ms1recorded value
GPU compute53.95455099642277 ms1recorded value

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSLocal wall ÷ Resident remote wall = 0.82718535×20.891889% higher time for Resident remote wall.

Experimental limitations

  • Not a 20-block held-out campaign.
  • Warm compute and wall time must not be interchanged.
  • Input size comes from the accompanying original campaign report; the raw comparison pins input identity but does not repeat its size.

Residency is a condition of this test. The smaller resident case loses; the larger one wins at this boundary. Neither includes fresh-input WAN staging.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

Which strategy actually won most often

Medians hide how often a policy was right, so I counted the wins directly over a larger repeated decision set.

The same four strategies over 24 observations, counting how many each one won.

Always-local won 19 of 24, the fastest-resource policy 4, always-remote 1 and the combined policy none at all.

The win count tells the same story as the medians and more starkly: the combined policy never produced the best answer in this corpus.

A win count is not a speed-up distribution, the raw repeated data were not recovered, and every strategy had to produce correct output to be counted at all.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Always local wins19 wins
Fastest resource wins4 wins
Always remote wins1 wins
Combined policy wins0 wins
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-policy-wins
Original title
Repeated loopback decision corpus
Measurement boundary
Six-cell repeated loopback decision corpus, 24 observations.
Hardware
not recorded
Software
not recorded
Input
not recorded
Samples
24 observations.
Statistical method
Count of winning strategies.
Cold / warm state
not recorded
Network
Loopback.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
All strategies were required to produce correct output.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
All-local wins19 winsnot recordedrecorded value
Fastest-resource wins4 winsnot recordedrecorded value
Remote-only wins1 winsnot recordedrecorded value
Fusion wins0 winsnot recordedrecorded value

Experimental limitations

  • A win count is not a speedup distribution.
  • Original report retained; raw repeated-matrix dataset not recovered in this checkout.

Preserves the negative planner result alongside the execution mechanisms.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

Two dependent stages inside one rented GPU job

I wanted to know whether keeping both stages on the same device would beat sending them apart, so I ran a connected two-stage region in one managed job.

The managed job's total set against its internal stage time and its acquisition time, on the larger of the two workloads.

The provider reported 295 seconds in total, of which 283 seconds was waiting for the machine and only 321 ms was the actual two-stage compute.

Keeping the stages together on one device worked, and the whole result was decided by how long it took to get the machine at all.

A single run with no confidence interval, and the region data behind it were not kept, so these figures are transcribed from the original engineering report.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Managed job total295 s
Queue and acquisition283 s
Two-stage compute0.321 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Managed job total295 s
Queue and acquisition283 s
Two-stage compute321 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-region-heavy
Original title
Cold connected region: heavy
Measurement boundary
Connected A→B stages in one managed GPU job; stage time and lifecycle time are different intervals.
Hardware
Remote RTX 5090.
Software
not recorded
Input
250,000 values; intensity 64.
Samples
not recorded
Statistical method
Single recorded run unless stated otherwise.
Cold / warm state
Cold acquisition.
Network
not recorded
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Report records correct output for both regions.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Provider total295309 ms1recorded value
Queue / acquisition283000 ms1recorded value
A+B compute321.3 ms1recorded value

Experimental limitations

  • Original raw region file is not retained in the checkout; values are transcribed from the original engineering report.
  • One run; no confidence interval.

Internal residency works, but cold acquisition dominates this historical observation.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

The same connected region at a smaller size

I repeated the connected two-stage region with far less data to see whether the overheads would shrink with the work.

The managed job's total set against its acquisition time and its internal stage time, on the smaller workload.

The provider reported 328 seconds in total, of which 315 seconds was acquisition and only 65.7 ms was the compute.

At ten times less work the acquisition cost was essentially unchanged, which says the overhead was the machine rather than the work.

One run with no confidence interval, and the underlying region files were not kept, so these figures come from the original engineering report.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Managed job total328 s
Queue and acquisition315 s
Two-stage compute0.0657 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Managed job total328 s
Queue and acquisition315 s
Two-stage compute65.7 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-region-small
Original title
Cold connected region: small
Measurement boundary
Connected A→B stages in one managed GPU job; stage time and lifecycle time are different intervals.
Hardware
Remote RTX 5090.
Software
not recorded
Input
10,000 values; intensity 4.
Samples
not recorded
Statistical method
Single recorded run unless stated otherwise.
Cold / warm state
Cold acquisition.
Network
not recorded
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Report records correct output for both regions.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Provider total327701 ms1recorded value
Queue / acquisition315000 ms1recorded value
A+B compute65.7 ms1recorded value

Experimental limitations

  • Original raw region file is not retained in the checkout; values are transcribed from the original engineering report.
  • One run; no confidence interval.

Internal residency works, but cold acquisition dominates this historical observation.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

Two dependent stages sharing one GPU container

I wanted to see how much of the win comes simply from not shipping the intermediate result between two stages, so I kept both stages in one process.

The two stages computed locally against the same two stages on the GPU, with the managed job's elapsed time recorded beside them.

The local two-stage compute took 429 ms and the GPU version 30 ms, while the managed job still took 55.9 seconds end to end.

Keeping the intermediate in place makes the compute fourteen times faster, but about fifty seconds of start-up still dominates the job.

One documented control run, the recorded elapsed figure is rounded in the original report, and the compute-only comparison does not describe what a user waits for.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local two-stage compute429 ms
GPU two-stage compute30.1 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local two-stage compute429 ms
GPU two-stage compute30.1 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-same-container
Original title
Two dependent stages in one GPU container
Measurement boundary
Dependent-stage compute and separately recorded managed elapsed time.
Hardware
RTX 5090.
Software
not recorded
Input
not recorded
Samples
One documented control run.
Statistical method
Single recorded run unless stated otherwise.
Cold / warm state
Cold managed job, same-container A→B residency.
Network
not recorded
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Report records two correct dependent stages.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Local A+B compute428.713 ms1recorded value
GPU A+B compute30.102 ms1recorded value
Managed job elapsed55900 ms1recorded value

Experimental limitations

  • Compute-only comparison does not describe the managed elapsed boundary.
  • Recorded elapsed is rounded in the original report.

Keeping intermediate state in one process accelerates the compute interval, while roughly 50 s of startup still dominates the managed job.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

Reusing a job that is already running

If the machine is already there, the second and later iterations should be far cheaper, so I timed iterations inside one live managed job.

Five iterations after the initial warm-up of the larger workload inside a single job.

The median iteration was 173 ms.

A running job makes each iteration cheap, but that says nothing about whether a job can be kept alive as a reusable service.

Five iterations drawn from a single job on a single day, with the underlying data not kept, so this is transcribed from the original report; these samples must not be pooled with the dedicated-machine samples.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Warm iteration, median173 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-same-job-warm-heavy
Original title
Same-job warm runtime: heavy
Measurement boundary
Post-warmup iterations inside one existing provider job, not cross-job persistent allocation.
Hardware
RTX 5090.
Software
not recorded
Input
250,000 values; intensity 64.
Samples
5 post-warmup iterations.
Statistical method
Median; initial warmup excluded.
Cold / warm state
Warm inside the same job.
Network
not recorded
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Report records validated outputs.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Warm runtime median173.4 ms5median

Experimental limitations

  • Raw same-job files are not retained in this checkout; original report is the source.
  • Do not pool with persistent-Pod samples.

Readiness changes the compute budget; these samples do not establish a deployable reusable provider session.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

The same running job at a smaller size

I checked whether the cheap-iteration effect survived at a smaller size, since the first result came from a large workload.

Five iterations after the initial warm-up of the smaller workload inside a single job.

The median iteration was 12.7 ms.

The pattern holds: cheap once the machine exists, with no implication that the machine can be held between jobs.

Five iterations from one job on one day, the underlying files were not kept so this comes from the original report, and these samples must not be pooled with the dedicated-machine samples.

See the comparison
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Warm iteration, median12.7 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-same-job-warm-small
Original title
Same-job warm runtime: small
Measurement boundary
Post-warmup iterations inside one existing provider job, not cross-job persistent allocation.
Hardware
RTX 5090.
Software
not recorded
Input
10,000 values; intensity 4.
Samples
5 post-warmup iterations.
Statistical method
Median; initial warmup excluded.
Cold / warm state
Warm inside the same job.
Network
not recorded
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Report records validated outputs.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Warm runtime median12.7 ms5median

Experimental limitations

  • Raw same-job files are not retained in this checkout; original report is the source.
  • Do not pool with persistent-Pod samples.

Readiness changes the compute budget; these samples do not establish a deployable reusable provider session.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

Six warm requests against a machine that keeps its input

I wanted the per-request overhead of a dedicated machine on its own, so I measured six warm requests with the input already held on the device.

Six requests, each recording the whole-request wall time and the device compute time separately.

The median request took 449 ms end to end while the device compute was 2.0 ms.

A kernel that runs in two milliseconds still costs a third of a second to ask for, and that gap decides the outcome.

Six requests with no local comparison in the same data, and the device kernel time must not be read as application latency.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Request wall time, median449 ms
Device compute, median1.96 ms
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Request wall time, median449 ms
Device compute, median1.96 ms
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-warm-requests
Original title
Persistent GPU: six warm requests
Measurement boundary
Warm resident requests; wall and compute have different timing boundaries.
Hardware
Persistent RTX 5090 (campaign context).
Software
not recorded
Input
not recorded
Samples
6 recorded requests.
Statistical method
Single recorded run unless stated otherwise.
Cold / warm state
Warm; every sample records a GPU input-cache hit and no host-to-device upload.
Network
not recorded
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
Resident identities retained; no new full-output correctness check in this sample file.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Request wall median448.96185000000037 ms6median calculated from raw samples
GPU compute median1.9648269953904673 ms6median calculated from raw samples

Experimental limitations

  • No matched local arm in this file.
  • Do not interpret GPU kernel time as application latency.

Sub-millisecond-to-millisecond kernels do not remove request/response latency.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

The first end-to-end run that moved work between a CPU and a GPU

I wanted to see whether a whole application run, local preparation then GPU work then local results, could complete correctly, so I ran the full chain once.

One local-only run against one full cross-device run, with the object transfer and the remote stage timed inside the second.

The full run completed correctly within the documented numerical tolerance, but its recorded total of 288 seconds was about twice the local-only 145 seconds, and inside that total roughly 155 seconds was local reference work I had run alongside it.

The cross-device chain worked; the timing cannot be read as a production latency because my own reference computation sat inside it.

A single historical run, the remote sub-intervals cannot be added to the reported total, and the recorded total contains the reference work, so it is not an uncontaminated comparison.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local-only total145 s
Recorded cross-device total288 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local-only total145 s
Recorded cross-device total288 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-full-fusion
Original title
First correct heterogeneous Fusion: recorded full-run envelope
Measurement boundary
Recorded full-run totals. The Fusion envelope also contains separately executed local correctness-reference work.
Hardware
Remote NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090. Local CPU model not recorded in the receipt.
Software
not recorded
Input
250,000 input values, intensity 64; Stage-A object 5,032,313 bytes.
Samples
1 recorded run per path.
Statistical method
Single recorded run unless stated otherwise.
Cold / warm state
Cold provider lifecycle and object staging.
Network
17,249.517 ms recorded object-transfer interval; transport internals not recorded.
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
correct=true; documented floating-point tolerance 0.01.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Local-only total145179.13710000002 ms1recorded value
Fusion recorded total288321.2843 ms1recorded value
Remote Stage B115571 ms1recorded value
Object transfer17249.517 ms1recorded value

Experimental limitations

  • Do not add remote sub-intervals to infer the reported total.
  • Later report identifies roughly 155 s of correctness-reference work inside the total.
  • Single historical run; not a production latency claim.

Functional local → GPU → local execution succeeded. The recorded Fusion total is slower, but its correctness-reference tail prevents treating this as an uncontaminated production latency comparison.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

The same idea at a much larger size, where the GPU did win

I scaled the same kind of job up by two hundred and fifty times to see whether the managed route could ever pay, and at that size it did.

One local run against one managed GPU run, 250,000 input values at a compute intensity of 64.

The local path took 146.7 seconds and the managed GPU 134.0 seconds, so the device was ahead by about 9 percent.

This is the narrow positive result in the history: at sufficient size and intensity the remote device was faster, which is a reason to keep looking rather than a general claim.

One observation per path, the device's own compute time was not available, and the original record names one accelerator while a later summary names a different one, so I draw no conclusion across different hardware.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution147 s
Managed GPU elapsed134 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution147 s
Managed GPU elapsed134 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-isolated-positive
Original title
Cold managed GPU: isolated heavy Stage-B anchor
Measurement boundary
Isolated Stage B, not a complete local → GPU → local application workload.
Hardware
Receipt identifies an NVIDIA L4 route. A later report labels the route RTX 5090; the original profile identity is retained here.
Software
not recorded
Input
250,000 input values, compute intensity 64.
Samples
1 local and 1 remote observation.
Statistical method
Single recorded run unless stated otherwise.
Cold / warm state
Managed provider execution.
Network
not recorded
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
CUDA verified and checksum artifact correct.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Local CPU146673.3167 ms1recorded value
Managed GPU elapsed134013 ms1recorded value

CALCULATED FROM THE MEASUREMENTSLocal CPU ÷ Managed GPU elapsed = 1.0944708×8.6316427% lower time for Managed GPU elapsed.

Experimental limitations

  • One observation per path.
  • Provider compute sub-timing unavailable.
  • Hardware labels differ between the original profile and later summary; no cross-GPU inference.

A narrow positive isolated-stage observation, not evidence of a general scheduler or application speedup.

Technical details and evidence
Historical performance

A small heavy computation sent to a rented GPU

At the very start of this work I wanted to know whether a rented GPU could beat my own machine on a small but compute-heavy kernel, so I submitted one job and compared it with the local profile.

One local profile over five repetitions against a single cold managed GPU submission of 1,024 input values.

The local kernel took 42 ms and the managed GPU reported 118 seconds from submission.

At this size the managed route loses outright, because acquisition and start-up dominate anything the device could save.

One managed run against five local ones, the device's own compute time was never exposed, and the two figures are measured on different timing envelopes so this is not a pure kernel comparison.

See the comparison
Elapsed time · lower is faster
Local execution0.042 s
Managed GPU elapsed118 s
The comparison
What I comparedResult
Local execution42 ms
Managed GPU elapsed118 s
Technical details and evidence
Experiment identifier
alpha-isolated-small
Original title
Cold managed GPU: small Stage-B control
Measurement boundary
Equivalent isolated heavy-compute kernel family; provider elapsed versus local kernel profile.
Hardware
Remote NVIDIA L4; local CPU model not recorded in this receipt.
Software
not recorded
Input
1,024 input values, compute intensity 4.
Samples
Local: 5 repetitions. Remote: 1.
Statistical method
Single recorded run unless stated otherwise.
Cold / warm state
Cold managed submission.
Network
not recorded
Serialization
not recorded
Correctness checks
GPU artifact verified CUDA and the expected output.
Original measurements — full precision
Original metricExact valueSamplesStatistic
Local CPU42.0089 ms5median
Managed GPU elapsed118274 ms1recorded value

Experimental limitations

  • GPU compute sub-timing was not exposed.
  • Different local and provider timing envelopes; not a pure kernel comparison.

The managed GPU route loses once acquisition and startup are included.

Technical details and evidence
Technical details and evidence111 documents
Captured-array intersection bridge benchmark, uncompressed run r1 (run: cad-usefulness-20261108-r1)cad-bridge-benchmark-uncompressed-r1
Record date
Document
intersection-benchmark.json
Location in document
/summary
SHA-256
5901CCC71E566EF1C29ECEC75BA7C524AD6F6E2AFB909ABB32732798EA2C10DB
Captured-array intersection bridge benchmark, lossless-compressed run r2 (run: cad-usefulness-20261108-r1)cad-bridge-benchmark-compressed-r2
Record date
Document
intersection-benchmark-compressed-r2.json
Location in document
/summary
SHA-256
D75BCABD84B064105A0E617BE92ECE67AC7BFCAD840A67EA692D62AF42FD6D16
Captured-array intersection bridge per-request progress log, compressed run r2 (run: cad-usefulness-20261108-r1)cad-bridge-progress-compressed-r2
Record date
Document
intersection-progress-compressed-r2.jsonl
Location in document
/lines/0..12
SHA-256
29717B100591D8F129A6158ADA4F1CBF596014E814CCF87D6D4839F1EBB36B48
AutoCAD expensive-workload campaign result summary (run: cad-usefulness-20261108-r1)cad-usefulness-result-20261108
Record date
Document
result.json
Location in document
/profile
SHA-256
7294C0686A4AEBA207A540490B1CD0D1BF8FBAD3B31FDE53AFE2F760E2EE8065
Native AutoCAD synthetic operation profile log (run: cad-usefulness-20261108-r1)cad-native-profile-20261108
Record date
Document
native-profile.txt
Location in document
/lines/1..31
SHA-256
93BA251614C46B6F6B7E2070DAB917EEF68984051173154EA4A736077118046D
Bridge fault-injection case matrix, compressed run r2 (run: cad-usefulness-20261108-r1)cad-intersection-faults-compressed-r2
Record date
Document
intersection-faults-compressed-r2.json
Location in document
/cases
SHA-256
3EBB44863763B55BCED072381B48588842082F902DB865A20420D18733D7EC83
Stopped remote worker fail-closed receipt, compressed run r2 (run: cad-usefulness-20261108-r1)cad-intersection-disconnect-compressed-r2
Record date
Document
intersection-disconnect-compressed-r2.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
0C7C7F7690F05B8BE4E902F868587B23B7B2B3922AD69461A4E4D19EB9412013
Admitted AutoCAD curve capture used as intersection input, 128-route fixture (run: cad-usefulness-20261108-r1)cad-intersection-admitted-input-128
Record date
Document
intersection-admitted-input-128.json
Location in document
/curves
SHA-256
97299FAFB36F2F44CA5943387DC484F8B55BD03B243CDA59B1E95303F4A15BD3
Restricted analytic straight-spline remote replacement acceptance receipt (run: cad-remote-straight-20261107-r3)cad-length-restricted-r3
Record date
Document
acceptance.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
3498DEB4EE65049A380F0853BAB7ABD652F4ADB94C19E90E526F626E409C3902
Multi-segment AutoCAD remote length consumption receipt (run: cad-geometry-20261108-r2)cad-geometry-multisegment-live
Record date
Document
live-acceptance.json
Location in document
/cases
SHA-256
DFBD2FCF4905B3D21D1B31FA23324EECBBA582AE7189A19192B08E76AAC511E4
Cross-drawing AutoCAD remote length consumption receipt, campaigns r1 and r2 (run: cad-cross-live-20261108-r1)cad-crossdrawing-live-20261108
Record date
Document
live-acceptance.json
Location in document
/live_results
SHA-256
61D25A65DCE7C75A0CCC9D1DA349C3D32432B3060462CC9A6C8870616DFFE1FC
Native AutoCAD intersection baseline capture, 128-route session (run: cad-intersection-live-20261109-r1)cad-intersection-native-baseline-128
Record date
Document
native-128-return.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
D2F43A1A70725D3C8A935B6BFD7790D6B5D48C9C21D0A574FFBDE1EA2F3AF3A3
Native AutoCAD intersection baseline capture, 256-route session (run: cad-intersection-live-20261109-r1)cad-intersection-native-baseline-256
Record date
Document
native-256-return.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
CD2F8EDDB3E1463E43E5A1B70C424B79029317251DA7F4404E48D20E9E7F6450
Live AutoCAD intersection consumption and fallback receipt (run: cad-intersection-live-20261109-r2, executed 2026-11-10)cad-intersection-live-nov10
Record date
Document
live-acceptance.json
Location in document
/records
SHA-256
E27E0AA9CFD14CAE08CEACBE7D1137FE0DE85997B3788B055A13E91652A44353
Live AutoCAD intersection campaign seal manifest (run: cad-intersection-live-20261109-r2)cad-intersection-live-seal-nov10
Record date
Document
live-seal.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
6F2CDB48FF5BA97356CE48B51F982BF9A023CB492CE3765A076E4538B47D03FC
Intersection host adapter build receipt r5 (run: cad-intersection-host-build-20261108-r5)cad-intersection-host-build-r5
Record date
Document
build.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
C6EB6D1DEEF6B0C0F91474D141654CE33CC7710A20CB2EA7E5946142FF75BF85
AutoCAD campus pilot matched comparison result (run: cad-campus-20261110-r1)cad-campus-result-20261110
Record date
Document
result.json
Location in document
/comparison
SHA-256
434AA3C83EC2B7DEBD5CF6F4449CF71B25EA437C19D15ED94A824C1CBFA108ED
Local-mode AutoCAD 16,384-crossing cold operation receipt (run: cad-campus-local-live-20261110-r1)cad-campus-local-cold128-20261110
Record date
Document
cold128.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
976B7B50E94501ADD154C8349447B1B6DE790896DDB7AA0F0D8BA346DC7F6F25
Local-mode AutoCAD 16,384-crossing warm operation receipt (run: cad-campus-local-live-20261110-r1)cad-campus-local-warm128c-20261110
Record date
Document
local128c.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
E4A7FF18F246428F2663A94B3B0A7A1465BC559FED08426E53D112BD09B89CE8
Remote-mode transport stage timing log (run: cad-campus-remote-live-20261110-r1)cad-campus-remote-transport-20261110
Record date
Document
transport-stages.jsonl
Location in document
/lines/0..7
SHA-256
B70648DBE3430A12A57B62FCBFAEFF772228BB1454506AFEB2F7AE2B755030DF
Non-QA candidate AutoCAD 16,384-crossing cold operation receipt (run: cad-campus-production-live-20261111-r2)cad-campus-prod-cold128-20261111
Record date
Document
cold128.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
F7E25F1ECB7566DF2B853D50F3D95BED764B81E95EEF6A7A3ED357CA961B2556
Non-QA candidate AutoCAD 16,384-crossing warm operation receipt (run: cad-campus-production-live-20261111-r2)cad-campus-prod-warm128-20261111
Record date
Document
warm128.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
113259780FB19E7C90EF4444011218F9EEC455C27169F19B563044DA86EC0702
Direct AutoCAD SDK differential qualification result (run: cad-sdk-qa-20261110-r1)cad-sdk-qa-result
Record date
Document
result.json
Location in document
/sdk_cases
SHA-256
98363F64560AF604A211AF069A5AB2BAC1F3301F118067D1E6057BDA8B1F19CF
Independent read-only SDK qualification follow-up review (run: cad-sdk-qa-20261110-r1)cad-sdk-qa-independent-review
Record date
Document
independent-review.md
Location in document
/
SHA-256
4EF88D3DF5531FB6E628528D58D00FEC3150E0566DFA15EF45508FABB162F9C3
Installed workflow reconnaissance: installer, account and second-machine status (run: cad-campus-20261110-r1)cad-install-auth-recon
Record date
Document
install-auth-recon.md
Location in document
/
SHA-256
AB92CFEAA58DD4655A670A262ECDC7FA98FD46D55ED8FE7580B6F618D83DDD84
Independent read-only review of the local-first candidate (run: cad-campus-20261110-r1)cad-campus-independent-review
Record date
Document
independent-review.md
Location in document
/
SHA-256
F5CF721E54B68902FA03F3EA5987836787D773BB15ED1A4BE1606F81FA723160
Remote CPU node readiness receipt (host label withheld)cad-remote-cpu-readiness
Record date
Document
cpu-readiness.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
1DDBD22F764D5B78002B7695E89D5AA79774D0D2DDBADB22201E9343DF1B7CE8
Pilot desktop install receipt, version 0.1.3cad-pilot-install-013
Record date
Document
pilot-0.1.3-install.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
5B2EF9C2E9AF1BCB4CB78C43F593073E9EB7DC24A66513177ACD89F4E75C2AA0
Pilot desktop reconnect receipt, version 0.1.3cad-pilot-reconnect-013
Record date
Document
pilot-0.1.3-reconnect.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
4EBA76700D9DF12808191962D54654020EE0B49D8EDC86B5C1901896368670EE
Local CPU reassociation, slice and memo benchmark at n=256, 1024 and 2048alg-obp-cpu-benchmark
Research batch date
Document
cpu-benchmark.json
Location in document
/cases
SHA-256
2B8A06326B30E2B2314B1430C4DE96F56FEC498DBEE2ED85181864026C4269DC
Warm result cache against uncached compute at n=256, 1024 and 2048alg-obp-cache-baseline
Research batch date
Document
cache-baseline.json
Location in document
/cases
SHA-256
71586C7B96385594CC62D237A4A88CDBD4F2A13E207C721E497F2B6F610EEC02
Registered immutable cache against an untracked exact-scan cache at n=1024alg-aspr-local-new
Research batch date
Document
local-new-results.json
Location in document
/summary_ms
SHA-256
868B57BAEE3C3421F221817A0A71AAA5D9D1AC01E6D77CC8C244194ECF636E1D
Baseline linear and GRU placement forecasters, held-out classification and modeled workload costalg-aspr-predictor
Research batch date
Document
predictor-results.json
Location in document
/models
SHA-256
A3D59A0238060486D30D4EDE5C4D1342EADD6A9691A92EA83B8F903EC9028BF4
Frozen-threshold refinement of the linear and GRU forecasters on a fresh synthetic tracealg-aspr-refinement
Research batch date
Document
refinement-results.json
Location in document
/models
SHA-256
57381C27089893188A1FBD58107A81E3D45AAC7C655D89D1FA127F3D9473AFAD
Modeled local baseline with a 64 MiB result cache for reactive, heuristic and learned placementalg-aspr-cache-simulation
Research batch date
Document
local-cache-simulation.json
Location in document
/models
SHA-256
65AE1146494230E4AF9AAB4C6DD202611EC09E7F7A209D6343D70BC48963C9F7
Modeled learned local precomputation and dual placement at one-times and four-times CPU workalg-aspr-precompute-simulation
Research batch date
Document
local-precompute-simulation.json
Location in document
/rows
SHA-256
BD8BBA0DA4351497C2C24792179427C2D622D76BFB174ABFC140E9F86C298772
Measured CPU inference and adaptation budget for both forecaster modelsalg-aspr-inference-budget
Research batch date
Document
inference-budget.json
Location in document
/models
SHA-256
F37BD137A3A67BC6BF44CDB1E59773BFF96BBB0E4F163CC30E6A72D174417CC0
Fresh-process runtime and loaded-weight memory for both modelsalg-aspr-memory-corrected
Research batch date
Document
memory-corrected.json
Location in document
/models
SHA-256
A38797A7283ACE600CA6F39C47F0DAD2E21131BB6001D1197F3E927B902591D8
Short-burst interference response with none, unlimited and ten-percent background workalg-aspr-interference
Research batch date
Document
interference-results.json
Location in document
/results
SHA-256
985BD4F63BCDBBF37AF350C34C24C74B487B976EDDB79BDA93DEC8DBDE4F3393
Lossless codec screening over five corpora at two buffer sizesalg-aspr-codec
Research batch date
Document
codec-results.json
Location in document
/cases
SHA-256
9D3E274FA4C96CF1BF20C12B35B6C1EDF51AC57998A1F55F94FE66D48CB7CB8B
Reference correctness and discrete simulation assertions for the boundary placement formatalg-obp-reference-results
Research batch date
Document
reference-results.json
Location in document
/assertions
SHA-256
ABACE28BDE3EE8DE2CBA83AD8D9DAD08E30923CA552D34AC40C4CA19F1B52B19
Exact checks, worked example and algebraic cost estimatesalg-obp-extended-results
Research batch date
Document
extended-results.json
Location in document
/assertions
SHA-256
80AFAADE76AA44E1B972009CA1A3C8B8AD73FAD74BB9446F3F836011CF1CD9D4
Block header and patch byte-conformance vectorsalg-obp-block-format
Research batch date
Document
block-format-vectors.json
Location in document
/assertions
SHA-256
E6E43A36253DB7A97883181A22E9F84D889A42E4ED9D4AE974A69B5FFFF285B7
Discrete rematerialisation simulation assertionsalg-obp-rematerialization
Research batch date
Document
rematerialization-results.json
Location in document
/assertions
SHA-256
2EA1483488F64DDCED124534E7B7FB1EEC368EAAD59765BE3F0AA8C93F6E7BD0
Gen-1 deterministic algorithm, trace-reanalysis and model-simulation verification batchalg-obp-gen1-verification
Research batch date
Document
verification-results.json
Location in document
/checks
SHA-256
BAAF9928BE8D03ABF1C847F49EC0D25A627FBC81BCA0053DDC22D0453BC916A9
Frozen useful-workload comparison protocol, version 1rt-src-s4-protocol
Record date
Document
protocol.md
Location in document
sections: Cases and scope; Fixed comparison procedure
SHA-256
bd95c9f4401a3ae6faca33a3e87495c3acae9cb886947ed3f30ec02c0ed580a5
Four-mode comparison campaign, attempt R13, raw result documentrt-src-s4-r13-campaign
Record date
Document
campaign-result.json
Location in document
/partial/analysis
SHA-256
ceeccc8b1ea2a48f6b8bac3c4f401ca372e37788496b485efb410f312c745c5a
Frozen-method recomputation of the R13 comparisonrt-src-s4-r13-recomputed
Record date
Document
recomputed-analysis.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
3577c10205d4383141bda86a73deeed0e26194f8036c8d24f94265657ca27e09
Independent gate decision on the R13 attemptrt-src-s4-r13-decision
Record date
Document
gatekeeper-r13-performance-decision.md
Location in document
table: Requirements and evidence
SHA-256
6d7f94792a2eff11de872adee7fbbfb3d7b88cc7065dfd34372fc9272ff27f26
Four-mode comparison campaign, attempt R14, raw result documentrt-src-s4-r14-campaign
Record date
Document
campaign-result.json
Location in document
/partial/analysis
SHA-256
74690b389f849109a522197a01335a5002f2dc2a3e60b759065b439f800df36c
Independent gate decision on the R14 attemptrt-src-s4-r14-decision
Record date
Document
gatekeeper-r14-performance-decision.md
Location in document
table: criterion versus actual evidence
SHA-256
ad9057ccffdde9b3dcb63373e9b3b95f4fc2ade97d7189e3e370b3b0e74d3aa5
Disposition of the CPU-only comparison attemptrt-src-s4-r3-decision
Record date
Document
result-decision.md
Location in document
opening paragraphs
SHA-256
8f2f9d6449714d094e147034abd34b0dbc70a4eee52d638d942ad5db544f03a0
Disposition of the accelerator-first diagnostic attemptrt-src-s4-r4-decision
Record date
Document
result-decision.md
Location in document
sections: Correctness and measured performance; Phases and residency effectiveness
SHA-256
dbb83861ee6b46ce84c09f1b12d9f5c09c2d130aef872d5fead718d3274c5fd9
Status and recovery audit of the cross-machine attemptrt-src-s4-v3-audit
Record date
Document
AUDIT-20261015.md
Location in document
sections: What is established; Findings
SHA-256
a3fde7baaa987bfa33ef74c071c38533ea610101fc2e959b3bc3850db1f8cea7
Measured bottleneck analysis of the losing four-mode runrt-src-s4-bottleneck
Record date
Document
performance-bottleneck-analysis.md
Location in document
sections: 2; 3
SHA-256
9f75a8422f4e5c66bde6386bb14515ec89db703955f5a14bff0ad6d3a5da712a
Node four-mode campaign reportrt-src-cn-s5-002
Record date
Document
S5-002-campaign-evidence.md
Location in document
sections: Campaign table; Honest reading
SHA-256
f8ed9108305113e8b20aaa7788a1a036215ed11f9ecd92538b0e67b571c71753
Node resident four-mode campaign, shaped-link and fallback reportrt-src-cn-s5-003
Record date
Document
S5-003-resident-unblock-campaign.md
Location in document
sections: 2; 3; 4
SHA-256
2a351fa3df519ff6bc008dde086c88c34492affb143fff17654d65089115d108
Compute-node acceptance reportrt-src-cn-node-acceptance
Record date
Document
CN-001-node-acceptance-report.md
Location in document
sections: Source provenance; Test results; Exploratory loopback benchmarks
SHA-256
dfb4a9ab7261d0efe0d2c64ea514c9e8ba6a4e4090cb3398000b558011f874f6
Frozen CPU-only protocol revision 2 and feasibility closurert-src-cn-s4-v4-protocol
Record date
Document
s4-v4-protocol-cpu.md
Location in document
sections: 1; 2 item F2
SHA-256
3f930854d5ded28364f9cfada87efa7ce3988f9be132fc2317a4d02b98f58f88
Chunked-transfer benchmark logrt-src-cn-chunk-bench
Record date
Document
chunk-bench-4gcap.log
Location in document
final error lines
SHA-256
dfebbc544da67a35358e9a1dc30619259aa33dddedb8d048bc80599c9083a843
Node GEMM microbenchmark, single threadrt-src-cn-gemm-idle-t1
Record date
Document
gemm-idle-t1.json
Location in document
/results
SHA-256
d7eeb0fc6410fce8ab0ece23fe9cb577e9b9bb1b068ab23770d21e9a34fdf67b
Node GEMM microbenchmark, two threadsrt-src-cn-gemm-idle-t2
Record date
Document
gemm-idle-t2.json
Location in document
/results
SHA-256
926127e7ff44d13438b752217537052a3f1eb136f7d720beee3ffe96a436f809
Node GEMM microbenchmark, four threadsrt-src-cn-gemm-idle-t4
Record date
Document
gemm-idle-t4.json
Location in document
/results
SHA-256
1b3c275d851752dd08847b32b48884935946e79047c2e8420856003a00ad74d4
Node GEMM microbenchmark, eight threadsrt-src-cn-gemm-idle-t8
Record date
Document
gemm-idle-t8.json
Location in document
/results
SHA-256
c3290633cbf1a696f51d92f658a2b6b45c2b7d2276ae9f5aaa5e3dbe160105ae
Node GEMM microbenchmark under CPU contentionrt-src-cn-gemm-contended
Record date
Document
gemm-contended-t8.json
Location in document
/results
SHA-256
e0ab688770978708a519896fd3b80c9d86fcac5e7539ca37fd08f6ad5b48889c
Independent gate decision on the prepared-CPU qualificationrt-src-prepared-s5-gatekeeper
Record date
Document
s5-final-gatekeeper-review.md
Location in document
section: Independent performance and correctness checks
SHA-256
a3c21761dfa640c6e661c6e55593538c9003a7ce4155820b9ccb172f5f741ec0
Independent verification of the prepared campaignrt-src-prepared-s5-verification
Record date
Document
verification-campaign-r8.md
Location in document
sections: Independent recomputation; Validity, execution and residency
SHA-256
1c4ed2633f10f8df9bd89a1ed909faa3d4efec7aff5d5780f92d52b9da79fe12
Prepared campaign record, one entry per linert-src-prepared-s5-campaign
Record date
Document
campaign.jsonl
Location in document
whole file
SHA-256
901d4c8b71f050681a537361f14699f124b774ad4dfc4e9b2261b6826eff28fc
Windows-client to Linux-worker object exchange receiptrt-src-prepared-s5-object-result
Record date
Document
object-interop-result.json
Location in document
/receipt
SHA-256
722812cb63d7d423d9b7676a8a22f5eacae56ec79beea36e0b517e69928989fa
Windows client build receiptrt-src-prepared-s5-windows-build
Record date
Document
windows-build-r8-native.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
4a99dabb26dfae011eb7153b7d7816880b4b4c1e2c15a8f8771ec24766323226
Measured startup and full-cost status, revision 6rt-src-s6-r6-status
Record date
Document
startup-full-cost-measured-status-r6.md
Location in document
boundary table and following paragraph
SHA-256
19acd6aa2b6824b1b037e8c5dee58803c16deb9e46a9455648747cdcbbd1a37c
Independent gate decision on the preservation candidatert-src-s6-gatekeeper-r2
Record date
Document
preservation-actual-gatekeeper-r2.md
Location in document
verdict paragraph
SHA-256
456c55439a2aa15c9ab7cf0023135d73a2f3ce52f2943d7eb89e9e24fbdcd8b4
Accelerator device, dependency and backend qualification reportrt-src-nw1-cuda
Record date
Document
final-report.md
Location in document
sections: Qualification verdict; Envelope compliance
SHA-256
66eca4fabf8d41274414b6d007c7441ce3cbb42553b40199684ff4384fb7edf9
Windows object-worker interoperability reportrt-src-nw1-interop
Record date
Document
interop-report.md
Location in document
sections: Windows live round-trip; Full Windows suite
SHA-256
7216389af807a5e8dc294f4b912744db268ee248bdab346b03551e561f808cf8
Personal-Windows native runtime checkpoint reportrt-src-win-integration
Record date
Document
integration-report.md
Location in document
sections: Fresh validation; Measured performance, with boundaries; Transfer report and traffic budget
SHA-256
e26be2900b476eaedee7dc1499130083aa6487cbb90f2a0d71ea2a0f73e1b182
Independent native frozen-baseline reportrt-src-win-frozen-baseline
Record date
Document
frozen-baseline-results.md
Location in document
sections: Measured one-thread result; Four-thread failure and stop
SHA-256
414f2b17b041848f1d47cdbadec761e433b9c7165ce4678ec5ca316364856b89
Explicit native Windows interception reportrt-src-win-win002
Record date
Document
win002-final-report.md
Location in document
section: Final fresh-target results
SHA-256
549697ce8fa9b93b8feb7447215cc0a06a1ffb6e982dc7a542a0237527f2c86e
Windows traffic-budget assessmentrt-src-win-traffic-budget
Record date
Document
traffic-budget-assessment.json
Location in document
/
SHA-256
c15fc76d572b527555ff6442f85be5203d051438da61b425693e75e785c3b88c
Measured transfer reportrt-src-transfer-report-md
Record date
Document
transfer-report.md
Location in document
section: preamble and measured table
SHA-256
251490f3d4addc8ac5cdfcf09286515f7aeac12ea68184eeb2ecaf281d5d8d15
Measured transfer table, machine-readablert-src-transfer-report-csv
Record date
Document
transfer-report.csv
Location in document
whole file
SHA-256
782bf61b2c333ffe3c703d47dda8404dc434eb05011bba62384e8d4d5e637d23
Codec component isolated qualification summaryrt-src-ua2-resynth-summary
Record date
Document
summary.json
Location in document
/builds
SHA-256
73864f0a72e5dc54eacc260ad87f9c6c1e4ca6aa5b417d1d0b8c7c264482825c
Interception component isolated qualification summaryrt-src-ua2-splice-summary
Record date
Document
summary.json
Location in document
/builds and /validate
SHA-256
da1ae5c301602c0a6bbb4937b7333045cdc9eaab70aac54507ca91d290320afb
Runtime component isolated qualification summaryrt-src-ua2-runtime-summary
Record date
Document
summary.json
Location in document
/builds
SHA-256
3770e5b6ff38cb029ed77e4c2b6865cf0048ceab53d0d463bdf0fae070e1fe71
Composed integration conformance summaryrt-src-ua2-conformance
Record date
Document
conformance-summary.json
Location in document
/x_checks and /test_totals
SHA-256
fd377c8302e03f2dc9fcbdbbdb85d2b1261ce973c7d2d89532bb45f52b685355
Independent release readiness reportrt-src-ua2-release-readiness
Record date
Document
release-readiness-report.md
Location in document
sections: 2 and 3
SHA-256
2007e4e44ce727d80ff9d69680264b4d244ebf6215cff9915bd6ae0b89e39e61
Released component manifestrt-src-ua2-resynth-manifest
Record date
Document
release-manifest.json
Location in document
/artifact_sha256 and /platform_profile
SHA-256
8d64d24fc0657241b7b579562a591ff5fcad6d2b21f113da6074ce6f0f2ecc6f
Desktop and packaging continuation recordrt-src-win-dev-progress
Record date
Document
progress-20261105.md
Location in document
sections: Verified; Preferred installer candidate; GUI observations and blockers
SHA-256
3e7491bac37e79e7d4411ff602dd88804769141383ebfa2b362e648320628c37
Native GUI qualification harness recordrt-src-win-dev-gui
Record date
Document
README.md
Location in document
sections: Actions and evidence; Bounds and limitations
SHA-256
97d481cfc06ab16d46a5ae65258304b83dc3ec77d76c7476ef49f7eb46f12ad9
Native installer packaging evidencert-src-msi-build-evidence
Record date
Document
BUILD-EVIDENCE-0.1.1.md
Location in document
sections: Parent candidate; Two-build byte comparison; Independent embedded payload and table checks
SHA-256
8a46eeaf7852ba712284682db33bf72b41f170b74e8f6709c73ff115bfcbe7fc
Product validation recordrt-src-desktop-validation
Record date
Document
validation.md
Location in document
sections: Real execution; Removal and cleanup; Automated verification
SHA-256
b16be876642f46795e361557ab8b913dca9a6ad97624b055543b036b5350a64c
Alpha isolated Stage-B control, 1,024 / intensity 4alpha-stage-small
Record date
Document
stage-b-profile-comparison-1024-4.json
Location in document
/local; /remote_gpu
SHA-256
07b31e3b3e397c3fc78e768c0af509829edff12f8975c5abec395d385f533708
Alpha isolated Stage-B positive anchor, 250,000 / intensity 64alpha-stage-positive
Record date
Document
stage-b-positive-anchor-250000-64.json
Location in document
/local; /remote_gpu
SHA-256
0ed206f318bd3290dfeb0a3ffe8d525e397892bbcce2409f5c6585c25443af2c
First correct heterogeneous Fusion runalpha-full-fusion
Record date
Document
fusion-heterogeneous-first-success-fusion-first-1788793479345-8e48cb83.json
Location in document
/timings; /correctness
SHA-256
d4be82bf5a941ce2795a9a62003a71e419e341c4c25bbecb6f46c7b9115d7bf9
Matching Alpha local-only workloadalpha-local-full
Record date
Document
local-only-positive-250000-64.json
Location in document
/timings
SHA-256
35c35478f8a545dd7159486f6363ccc16ad4a0583088dc4843bfc1a9a1b0ecf2
Alpha research report, 9 September 2026alpha-final-report
Record date
Document
FUSION_ALPHA_FINAL_REPORT.md
Location in document
Main measured results; planner prediction boundary
SHA-256
acfa6004e04a78f4dd412fd1a205ecfa30474e4f6206766a3eae0b0936af86f5
Alpha continuation: final research and falsification reportalpha-falsification
Record date
Document
FUSION_FINAL_RESEARCH_REPORT.md
Location in document
Measured evidence; decision quality
SHA-256
b397e3cf3266c0577c1bf4b3cb641d228ca9559f80d3f038c31e7812eaabea11
Persistent RTX 5090 resident comparison: smallalpha-persistent-small
Record date
Document
heavy-crossover-live.json
Location in document
/local_wall_ms; /remote_wall_ms; /residency
SHA-256
1edbf421e81adf75b08a15416e75a0c4c32c19b65d3ca0412c6f044db2841d0a
Persistent RTX 5090 resident comparison: largealpha-persistent-large
Record date
Document
heavy-heldout-live.json
Location in document
/local_wall_ms; /remote_wall_ms; /residency
SHA-256
074e2caa6693e268ce94619945d86cf40ecbf31325012243f657cea83c4525bb
Persistent GPU repeated warm requestsalpha-persistent-warm
Record date
Document
warm-persistent-live.json
Location in document
/samples
SHA-256
4246acf6cce568140add57c503bcdb25c258675e46307b1635f0435e1479cc17
Study B v1: pre-measurement terminationalpha-study-b-live
Record date
Document
STUDY_B_V1_LIVE_RESULTS.md
Location in document
Live counts and failure disposition
SHA-256
2b921f6dc5239165fde63d99bf66193ea12f2f0d99c3439f0f84dc48ce437936
Observation-Boundary Placement v2 specificationdoc-obp-v2
Record date
Document
SPECIFICATION.md
Location in document
§1, §2, §5–11, §14–16
SHA-256
440cbf6a2a1f25bac26eb46e639b3d2c59cdde6599ef5212e5bedfc1be73b22f
ASPR + OBP v2: Dual Compute Intelligencedoc-aspr
Record date
Document
ASPR_SPECIFICATION.md
Location in document
§1–3; algorithm and evidence boundaries
SHA-256
b072c6e258cff3d70377dc9bfa86141918a88ba141162aa6bab6ff988c3b3a17
ReSynth component responsibilitiesdoc-resynth
Record date
Document
README.md
Location in document
Responsibilities and boundaries; NCP1 framing
SHA-256
47eeaa7ff1e214151963920869930fd82491e3d2dd64f143bb3dde6ce37cb757
Splice component identity and interception scopedoc-splice
Record date
Document
README.md
Location in document
Package and library names; Linux LP64 CBLAS scope
SHA-256
34493cb3ab8c9fa3110981ad56ed236d2717496c5b2255610c8be3546ec54c09
Engineering gate ledger inspected 12 November 2026doc-gates
Record date
Document
gates.json
Location in document
S3, S4, S5, S6, NW1, NW2; scoped requirements and decisions
SHA-256
235503b207b67584ac896bae31004606b4da3d73e68f105d1f7f8f9e8dee169c
Prepared CPU campaign r8: numerical and interoperability reviewdoc-s5-review
Record date
Document
verification-campaign-r8.md
Location in document
Independent recomputation; validity and execution; Windows/Linux functional bridge
SHA-256
1c4ed2633f10f8df9bd89a1ed909faa3d4efec7aff5d5780f92d52b9da79fe12
AutoCAD campus-readiness engineering recorddoc-cad-campus
Record date
Document
AUTOCAD-CAMPUS-20261114.md
Location in document
Local-first measurement and remaining student-pilot gates
SHA-256
fee03d4c195cb555d24809f43d186315a7fe1ab131b18a1ee6aa6142e6b4a5b1
Direct SDK AutoCAD qualification recorddoc-cad-sdk
Record date
Document
AUTOCAD-SDK-QUALIFICATION-20261111.md
Location in document
Bounded eight-case qualification; campus NO-GO
SHA-256
49610ea4bc13d0d866d9f9c8becdcf4c969676e814c62717615612154dc2c2e3
Live intersection consumption and fallback engineering recorddoc-cad-live
Record date
Document
AUTOCAD-INTERSECTION-LIVE-20261110.md
Location in document
API scope, run chronology and retained failed exchanges
SHA-256
b57c66adf58c4a0d4978e4d48b363ef3ac384aad494a96cbc0ae343e1e21312f